Add naiveproxy outbound

2026-04-11 17:47:20 +10:00 · 2025-12-12 15:02:08 +08:00
parent 7e68013b05
commit ad7b982242
27 changed files with 1521 additions and 135 deletions
--- a/.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION
+++ b/.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3fb4098ed7e4ffe2e3d9593a744fc3717dbb369b
--- a/.github/update_cronet.sh
+++ b/.github/update_cronet.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -e -o pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR=$(dirname "$0")
+PROJECTS=$SCRIPT_DIR/../..
+
+git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go fetch origin main
+git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go fetch origin go
+go get -x github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/all@$(git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go rev-parse origin/go)
+go mod tidy
+git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go rev-parse origin/HEAD > "$SCRIPT_DIR/CRONET_GO_VERSION"
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -69,13 +69,23 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        include:
-          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64, openwrt: "x86_64" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: "386", go386: sse2, debian: i386, rpm: i386, openwrt: "i386_pentium4" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, variant: purego, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64, openwrt: "x86_64" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, variant: glibc, naive: true, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64, openwrt: "x86_64" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, variant: musl, naive: true }
+
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, variant: purego, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64, openwrt: "aarch64_cortex-a53 aarch64_cortex-a72 aarch64_cortex-a76 aarch64_generic" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, variant: glibc, naive: true, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64, openwrt: "aarch64_cortex-a53 aarch64_cortex-a72 aarch64_cortex-a76 aarch64_generic" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, variant: musl, naive: true }
+
+          - { os: linux, arch: "386", variant: glibc, naive: true, go386: sse2, debian: i386, rpm: i386, openwrt: "i386_pentium4" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: "386", variant: musl, naive: true, go386: sse2 }
+
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, variant: glibc, naive: true, goarm: "7", debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl, openwrt: "arm_cortex-a5_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_neon-vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a8_vfpv3 arm_cortex-a9_neon arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3-d16 arm_cortex-a15_neon-vfpv4" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, variant: musl, naive: true, goarm: "7" }
+
          - { os: linux, arch: "386", go386: softfloat, openwrt: "i386_pentium-mmx" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64, openwrt: "aarch64_cortex-a53 aarch64_cortex-a72 aarch64_cortex-a76 aarch64_generic" }
          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "5", openwrt: "arm_arm926ej-s arm_cortex-a7 arm_cortex-a9 arm_fa526 arm_xscale" }
          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "6", debian: armel, rpm: armv6hl, openwrt: "arm_arm1176jzf-s_vfp" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "7", debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl, openwrt: "arm_cortex-a5_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_neon-vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a8_vfpv3 arm_cortex-a9_neon arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3-d16 arm_cortex-a15_neon-vfpv4" }
          - { os: linux, arch: mips, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mips_24kc mips_4kec mips_mips32" }
          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, gomips: hardfloat, debian: mipsel, rpm: mipsel, openwrt: "mipsel_24kc_24kf" }
          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mipsel_24kc mipsel_74kc mipsel_mips32" }
@@ -87,11 +97,8 @@ jobs:
          - { os: linux, arch: riscv64, debian: riscv64, rpm: riscv64, openwrt: "riscv64_generic" }
          - { os: linux, arch: loong64, debian: loongarch64, rpm: loongarch64, openwrt: "loongarch64_generic" }

-          - { os: windows, arch: amd64 }
          - { os: windows, arch: amd64, legacy_win7: true, legacy_name: "windows-7" }
-          - { os: windows, arch: "386" }
          - { os: windows, arch: "386", legacy_win7: true, legacy_name: "windows-7" }
-          - { os: windows, arch: arm64 }

          - { os: android, arch: arm64, ndk: "aarch64-linux-android21" }
          - { os: android, arch: arm, ndk: "armv7a-linux-androideabi21" }
@@ -135,6 +142,45 @@ jobs:
        with:
          ndk-version: r28
          local-cache: true
+      - name: Clone cronet-go
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          CRONET_GO_VERSION=$(cat .github/CRONET_GO_VERSION)
+          git init ~/cronet-go
+          git -C ~/cronet-go remote add origin https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go.git
+          git -C ~/cronet-go fetch --depth=1 origin "$CRONET_GO_VERSION"
+          git -C ~/cronet-go checkout FETCH_HEAD
+          git -C ~/cronet-go submodule update --init --recursive --depth=1
+      - name: Cache Chromium toolchain
+        if: matrix.naive
+        id: cache-chromium-toolchain
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts
+            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/out/sysroot-build
+          key: chromium-toolchain-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.variant }}-${{ hashFiles('.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION') }}
+      - name: Download Chromium toolchain
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          cd ~/cronet-go
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
+            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl download-toolchain
+          else
+            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} download-toolchain
+          fi
+      - name: Set Chromium toolchain environment
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          cd ~/cronet-go
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
+            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl env >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          else
+            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} env >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
      - name: Set tag
        run: |-
          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
@@ -143,9 +189,64 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          set -xeuo pipefail
          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.naive }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound"
+          fi
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "purego" ]]; then
+            TAGS="${TAGS},with_purego"
+          elif [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
+            TAGS="${TAGS},with_musl"
+          fi
          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Build
-        if: matrix.os != 'android'
+      - name: Build (purego)
+        if: matrix.variant == 'purego'
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          mkdir -p dist
+          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
+          GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+          GOMIPS: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
+          GOMIPS64: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Build (glibc)
+        if: matrix.variant == 'glibc'
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          mkdir -p dist
+          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
+          GOOS: linux
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Build (musl)
+        if: matrix.variant == 'musl'
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          mkdir -p dist
+          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
+          GOOS: linux
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Build (non-variant)
+        if: matrix.os != 'android' && matrix.variant == ''
        run: |
          set -xeuo pipefail
          mkdir -p dist
@@ -189,6 +290,11 @@ jobs:
          elif [[ -n "${{ matrix.legacy_name }}" ]]; then
            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-legacy-${{ matrix.legacy_name }}"
          fi
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "glibc" ]]; then
+            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-glibc"
+          elif [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
+            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-musl"
+          fi
          echo "DIR_NAME=${DIR_NAME}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
          PKG_VERSION="${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}"
          PKG_VERSION="${PKG_VERSION//-/\~}"
@@ -279,7 +385,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Upload artifact
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: binary-${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.goarm && format('v{0}', matrix.goarm) }}${{ matrix.go386 && format('_{0}', matrix.go386) }}${{ matrix.gomips && format('_{0}', matrix.gomips) }}${{ matrix.legacy_name && format('-legacy-{0}', matrix.legacy_name) }}
+          name: binary-${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.goarm && format('v{0}', matrix.goarm) }}${{ matrix.go386 && format('_{0}', matrix.go386) }}${{ matrix.gomips && format('_{0}', matrix.gomips) }}${{ matrix.legacy_name && format('-legacy-{0}', matrix.legacy_name) }}${{ matrix.variant && format('-{0}', matrix.variant) }}
          path: "dist"
  build_darwin:
    name: Build Darwin binaries
@@ -316,6 +422,9 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          set -xeuo pipefail
          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.legacy_go124 }}" != "true" ]]; then
+            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound"
+          fi
          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
      - name: Build
        run: |
@@ -352,6 +461,57 @@ jobs:
        with:
          name: binary-darwin_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.legacy_name && format('-legacy-{0}', matrix.legacy_name) }}
          path: "dist"
+  build_windows:
+    name: Build Windows binaries
+    if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary'
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    needs:
+      - calculate_version
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - { arch: amd64 }
+          - { arch: "386" }
+          - { arch: arm64 }
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: ^1.25.4
+      - name: Set tag
+        run: |-
+          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$env:GITHUB_ENV"
+          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p dist
+          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box.exe -tags "with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_naive_outbound,with_purego,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0" `
+          -ldflags "-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0" `
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
+          GOOS: windows
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Archive
+        run: |
+          $DIR_NAME = "sing-box-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-windows-${{ matrix.arch }}"
+          mkdir "dist/$DIR_NAME"
+          Copy-Item LICENSE "dist/$DIR_NAME"
+          Copy-Item "dist/sing-box.exe" "dist/$DIR_NAME"
+          Compress-Archive -Path "dist/$DIR_NAME" -DestinationPath "dist/$DIR_NAME.zip"
+          Remove-Item -Recurse "dist/$DIR_NAME"
+      - name: Cleanup
+        run: Remove-Item dist/sing-box.exe
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: binary-windows_${{ matrix.arch }}
+          path: "dist"
  build_android:
    name: Build Android
    if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Android'
@@ -500,7 +660,7 @@ jobs:
  build_apple:
    name: Build Apple clients
    runs-on: macos-26
-    if: false
+    if: false # github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Apple' || inputs.build == 'app-store' || inputs.build == 'iOS' || inputs.build == 'macOS' || inputs.build == 'tvOS' || inputs.build == 'macOS-standalone'
    needs:
      - calculate_version
    strategy:
@@ -687,6 +847,7 @@ jobs:
      - calculate_version
      - build
      - build_darwin
+      - build_windows
      - build_android
      - build_apple
    steps:
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 name: Publish Docker Images

 on:
+  #push:
+  #  branches:
+  #    - main-next
+  #    - dev-next
  release:
    types:
      - published
@@ -13,8 +17,134 @@ env:
  REGISTRY_IMAGE: ghcr.io/sagernet/sing-box

 jobs:
-  build:
+  build_binary:
+    name: Build binary
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          # Naive-enabled builds (musl)
+          - { arch: amd64, naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/amd64" }
+          - { arch: arm64, naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/arm64" }
+          - { arch: "386", naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/386" }
+          - { arch: arm, goarm: "7", naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/arm/v7" }
+          # Non-naive builds
+          - { arch: arm, goarm: "6", docker_platform: "linux/arm/v6" }
+          - { arch: ppc64le, docker_platform: "linux/ppc64le" }
+          - { arch: riscv64, docker_platform: "linux/riscv64" }
+          - { arch: s390x, docker_platform: "linux/s390x" }
+    steps:
+      - name: Get commit to build
+        id: ref
+        run: |-
+          if [[ -z "${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}" ]]; then
+            ref="${{ github.ref_name }}"
+          else
+            ref="${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}"
+          fi
+          echo "ref=$ref"
+          echo "ref=$ref" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: ^1.25.4
+      - name: Clone cronet-go
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          CRONET_GO_VERSION=$(cat .github/CRONET_GO_VERSION)
+          git init ~/cronet-go
+          git -C ~/cronet-go remote add origin https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go.git
+          git -C ~/cronet-go fetch --depth=1 origin "$CRONET_GO_VERSION"
+          git -C ~/cronet-go checkout FETCH_HEAD
+          git -C ~/cronet-go submodule update --init --recursive --depth=1
+      - name: Cache Chromium toolchain
+        if: matrix.naive
+        id: cache-chromium-toolchain
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts
+            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/out/sysroot-build
+          key: chromium-toolchain-${{ matrix.arch }}-musl-${{ hashFiles('.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION') }}
+      - name: Download Chromium toolchain
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          cd ~/cronet-go
+          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl download-toolchain
+      - name: Set version
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          VERSION=$(go run ./cmd/internal/read_tag)
+          echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+      - name: Set Chromium toolchain environment
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          cd ~/cronet-go
+          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl env >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Set build tags
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.naive }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound,with_musl"
+          fi
+          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+      - name: Build (naive)
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          go build -v -trimpath -o sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags "-X \"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${VERSION}\" -s -w -buildid= -checklinkname=0" \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
+          GOOS: linux
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+      - name: Build (non-naive)
+        if: ${{ ! matrix.naive }}
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          go build -v -trimpath -o sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags "-X \"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${VERSION}\" -s -w -buildid= -checklinkname=0" \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
+          GOOS: linux
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+      - name: Prepare artifact
+        run: |
+          platform=${{ matrix.docker_platform }}
+          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          # Rename binary to include arch info for Dockerfile.binary
+          BINARY_NAME="sing-box-${{ matrix.arch }}"
+          if [[ -n "${{ matrix.goarm }}" ]]; then
+            BINARY_NAME="${BINARY_NAME}v${{ matrix.goarm }}"
+          fi
+          mv sing-box "${BINARY_NAME}"
+          echo "BINARY_NAME=${BINARY_NAME}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Upload binary
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: binary-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
+          path: ${{ env.BINARY_NAME }}
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 1
+  build_docker:
+    name: Build Docker image
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - build_binary
    strategy:
      fail-fast: true
      matrix:
@@ -47,6 +177,16 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Download binary
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
+        with:
+          name: binary-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
+          path: .
+      - name: Prepare binary
+        run: |
+          # Find and make the binary executable
+          chmod +x sing-box-*
+          ls -la sing-box-*
      - name: Setup QEMU
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - name: Setup Docker Buildx
@@ -68,8 +208,7 @@ jobs:
        with:
          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
          context: .
-          build-args: |
-            BUILDKIT_CONTEXT_KEEP_GIT_DIR=1
+          file: Dockerfile.binary
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
      - name: Export digest
@@ -87,7 +226,7 @@ jobs:
  merge:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs:
-      - build
+      - build_docker
    steps:
      - name: Get commit to build
        id: ref
@@ -121,6 +260,7 @@ jobs:
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Create manifest list and push
+        if: github.event_name != 'push'
        working-directory: /tmp/digests
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools create \
@@ -128,6 +268,7 @@ jobs:
            -t "${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}" \
            $(printf '${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}@sha256:%s ' *)
      - name: Inspect image
+        if: github.event_name != 'push'
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.latest }}
          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
--- a/.github/workflows/linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/linux.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 name: Build Linux Packages

 on:
+  #push:
+  #  branches:
+  #    - main-next
+  #    - dev-next
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      version:
@@ -52,11 +56,13 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        include:
-          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64 }
-          - { os: linux, arch: "386", debian: i386, rpm: i386 }
+          # Naive-enabled builds (musl)
+          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, naive: true, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64 }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, naive: true, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64 }
+          - { os: linux, arch: "386", naive: true, debian: i386, rpm: i386 }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "7", naive: true, debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl }
+          # Non-naive builds (unsupported architectures)
          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "6", debian: armel, rpm: armv6hl }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "7", debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64 }
          - { os: linux, arch: mips64le, debian: mips64el, rpm: mips64el }
          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, debian: mipsel, rpm: mipsel }
          - { os: linux, arch: s390x, debian: s390x, rpm: s390x }
@@ -72,12 +78,37 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
          go-version: ^1.25.6
-      - name: Setup Android NDK
-        if: matrix.os == 'android'
-        uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
+      - name: Clone cronet-go
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          CRONET_GO_VERSION=$(cat .github/CRONET_GO_VERSION)
+          git init ~/cronet-go
+          git -C ~/cronet-go remote add origin https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go.git
+          git -C ~/cronet-go fetch --depth=1 origin "$CRONET_GO_VERSION"
+          git -C ~/cronet-go checkout FETCH_HEAD
+          git -C ~/cronet-go submodule update --init --recursive --depth=1
+      - name: Cache Chromium toolchain
+        if: matrix.naive
+        id: cache-chromium-toolchain
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
-          ndk-version: r28
-          local-cache: true
+          path: |
+            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts
+            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/out/sysroot-build
+          key: chromium-toolchain-${{ matrix.arch }}-musl-${{ hashFiles('.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION') }}
+      - name: Download Chromium toolchain
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          cd ~/cronet-go
+          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl download-toolchain
+      - name: Set Chromium toolchain environment
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          cd ~/cronet-go
+          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl env >> $GITHUB_ENV
      - name: Set tag
        run: |-
          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
@@ -86,8 +117,26 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          set -xeuo pipefail
          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.naive }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound,with_musl"
+          fi
          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Build
+      - name: Build (naive)
+        if: matrix.naive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          mkdir -p dist
+          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
+          GOOS: linux
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Build (non-naive)
+        if: ${{ ! matrix.naive }}
        run: |
          set -xeuo pipefail
          mkdir -p dist
@@ -185,5 +234,6 @@ jobs:
          path: dist
          merge-multiple: true
      - name: Publish packages
+        if: github.event_name != 'push'
        run: |-
          ls dist | xargs -I {} curl -F "package=@dist/{}" https://${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}@push.fury.io/sagernet/
--- a/Dockerfile.binary
+++ b/Dockerfile.binary
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+FROM alpine
+ARG TARGETARCH
+ARG TARGETVARIANT
+LABEL maintainer="nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
+RUN set -ex \
+    && apk add --no-cache --upgrade bash tzdata ca-certificates nftables
+COPY sing-box-${TARGETARCH}${TARGETVARIANT} /usr/local/bin/sing-box
+ENTRYPOINT ["sing-box"]
--- a/4
+++ b/4
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ lib:
 	go run ./cmd/internal/build_libbox -target ios

 lib_install:
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.8
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.8
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.10
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.10

 docs:
 	venv/bin/mkdocs serve
--- a/cmd/internal/build_libbox/main.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/build_libbox/main.go
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func init() {
 	sharedFlags = append(sharedFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag+" -s -w -buildid=  -checklinkname=0")
 	debugFlags = append(debugFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag+" -checklinkname=0")

-	sharedTags = append(sharedTags, "with_gvisor", "with_quic", "with_wireguard", "with_utls", "with_clash_api", "with_conntrack", "badlinkname", "tfogo_checklinkname0")
+	sharedTags = append(sharedTags, "with_gvisor", "with_quic", "with_wireguard", "with_utls", "with_naive_outbound", "with_clash_api", "with_conntrack", "badlinkname", "tfogo_checklinkname0")
 	darwinTags = append(darwinTags, "with_dhcp")
 	memcTags = append(memcTags, "with_tailscale")
 	notMemcTags = append(notMemcTags, "with_low_memory")
--- a/daemon/started_service.go
+++ b/daemon/started_service.go
@@ -277,8 +277,8 @@ func (s *StartedService) SubscribeLog(empty *emptypb.Empty, server grpc.ServerSt
 	for element := s.logLines.Front(); element != nil; element = element.Next() {
 		savedLines = append(savedLines, element.Value)
 	}
-	s.logAccess.Unlock()
 	subscription, done, err := s.logObserver.Subscribe()
+	s.logAccess.Unlock()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -816,13 +816,13 @@ func (s *StartedService) mustEmbedUnimplementedStartedServiceServer() {

 func (s *StartedService) WriteMessage(level log.Level, message string) {
 	item := &log.Entry{Level: level, Message: message}
-	s.logSubscriber.Emit(item)
 	s.logAccess.Lock()
 	s.logLines.PushBack(item)
 	if s.logLines.Len() > s.logMaxLines {
 		s.logLines.Remove(s.logLines.Front())
 	}
 	s.logAccess.Unlock()
+	s.logSubscriber.Emit(item)
 	if s.debug {
 		s.handler.WriteDebugMessage(message)
 	}
--- a/docs/configuration/outbound/index.md
+++ b/docs/configuration/outbound/index.md
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 | `dns`          | [DNS](./dns/)                   |
 | `selector`     | [Selector](./selector/)         |
 | `urltest`      | [URLTest](./urltest/)           |
+| `naive`        | [NaiveProxy](./naive/)          |

 #### tag

--- a/docs/configuration/outbound/index.zh.md
+++ b/docs/configuration/outbound/index.zh.md
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 | `dns`          | [DNS](./dns/)                   |
 | `selector`     | [Selector](./selector/)         |
 | `urltest`      | [URLTest](./urltest/)           |
+| `naive`        | [NaiveProxy](./naive/)          |

 #### tag

--- a/docs/configuration/outbound/naive.md
+++ b/docs/configuration/outbound/naive.md
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.13.0"
+
+    :material-plus: Initial release
+
+### Structure
+
+```json
+{
+  "type": "naive",
+  "tag": "naive-out",
+
+  "server": "127.0.0.1",
+  "server_port": 443,
+  "username": "sekai",
+  "password": "password",
+  "insecure_concurrency": 0,
+  "extra_headers": {},
+  "tls": {},
+
+  ... // Dial Fields
+}
+```
+
+!!! warning ""
+
+    NaiveProxy outbound is only available on Apple platforms, Android, Windows and some Linux architectures, see [Build from source](/installation/build-from-source/#with_naive_outbound).
+
+### Fields
+
+#### server
+
+==Required==
+
+The server address.
+
+#### server_port
+
+==Required==
+
+The server port.
+
+#### username
+
+Authentication username.
+
+#### password
+
+Authentication password.
+
+#### insecure_concurrency
+
+Number of concurrent tunnel connections. Multiple connections make the tunneling easier to detect through traffic analysis, which defeats the purpose of NaiveProxy's design to resist traffic analysis.
+
+#### extra_headers
+
+Extra headers to send in HTTP requests.
+
+#### tls
+
+==Required==
+
+TLS configuration, see [TLS](/configuration/shared/tls/#outbound).
+
+Only `server_name`, `certificate`, `certificate_path` and `certificate_public_key_sha256` are supported.
+
+### Dial Fields
+
+See [Dial Fields](/configuration/shared/dial/) for details.
--- a/docs/configuration/outbound/naive.zh.md
+++ b/docs/configuration/outbound/naive.zh.md
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+!!! quote "sing-box 1.13.0 中的更改"
+
+    :material-plus: 初始版本
+
+### 结构
+
+```json
+{
+  "type": "naive",
+  "tag": "naive-out",
+
+  "server": "127.0.0.1",
+  "server_port": 443,
+  "username": "sekai",
+  "password": "password",
+  "insecure_concurrency": 0,
+  "extra_headers": {},
+  "tls": {},
+
+  ... // 拨号字段
+}
+```
+
+!!! warning ""
+
+    NaiveProxy 出站仅在 Apple 平台、Android、Windows 和部分架构的 Linux 上可用，参阅 [从源代码构建](/zh/installation/build-from-source/#with_naive_outbound)。
+
+### 字段
+
+#### server
+
+==必填==
+
+服务器地址。
+
+#### server_port
+
+==必填==
+
+服务器端口。
+
+#### username
+
+认证用户名。
+
+#### password
+
+认证密码。
+
+#### insecure_concurrency
+
+并发隧道连接数。多连接使隧道更容易被流量分析检测，违背 NaiveProxy 抵抗流量分析的设计目的。
+
+#### extra_headers
+
+HTTP 请求中发送的额外头部。
+
+#### tls
+
+==必填==
+
+TLS 配置, 参阅 [TLS](/zh/configuration/shared/tls/#outbound)。
+
+只有 `server_name`、`certificate`、`certificate_path` 和 `certificate_public_key_sha256` 是被支持的。
+
+### 拨号字段
+
+参阅 [拨号字段](/zh/configuration/shared/dial/)。
--- a/docs/installation/build-from-source.md
+++ b/docs/installation/build-from-source.md
@@ -58,5 +58,36 @@ go build -tags "tag_a tag_b" ./cmd/sing-box
 | `with_gvisor`                      | :material-check:     | Build with gVisor support, see [Tun inbound](/configuration/inbound/tun#stack) and [WireGuard outbound](/configuration/outbound/wireguard#system_interface).                                                                                                                                                                   |
 | `with_embedded_tor` (CGO required) | :material-close:️    | Build with embedded Tor support, see [Tor outbound](/configuration/outbound/tor/).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
 | `with_tailscale`                   | :material-check:     | Build with Tailscale support, see [Tailscale endpoint](/configuration/endpoint/tailscale)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `with_naive_outbound`              | :material-close:️    | Build with NaiveProxy outbound support, see [NaiveProxy outbound](/configuration/outbound/naive/).                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |

 It is not recommended to change the default build tag list unless you really know what you are adding.
+
+## :material-layers: with_naive_outbound
+
+NaiveProxy outbound requires special build configurations depending on your target platform.
+
+### Supported Platforms
+
+| Platform        | Architectures      | Mode   | Requirements                                                                                                                         |
+|-----------------|--------------------|--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| Windows         | *                  | purego | None                                                                                                                                 |
+| Linux           | amd64, arm64       | purego | Download libcronet from [cronet-go releases](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/releases) to system library path or sing-box binary directory |
+| Linux           | 386, amd64, arm, arm64 | CGO    | Chromium toolchain (see [cronet-go](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go))                                                          |
+| Apple platforms | *                  | CGO    | Xcode                                                                                                                                |
+| Android         | *                  | CGO    | Android NDK                                                                                                                          |
+
+### Windows
+
+Use `with_purego` tag.
+
+### Linux (purego, amd64/arm64 only)
+
+Download `libcronet.so` from [cronet-go releases](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/releases) and install to system library path or the same directory as sing-box binary, then use `with_purego` tag.
+
+### Linux (CGO)
+
+See [cronet-go](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go#linux-build-instructions).
+
+### Apple platforms / Android
+
+See [cronet-go](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go).
--- a/docs/installation/build-from-source.zh.md
+++ b/docs/installation/build-from-source.zh.md
@@ -62,5 +62,36 @@ go build -tags "tag_a tag_b" ./cmd/sing-box
 | `with_gvisor`                      | :material-check:  | Build with gVisor support, see [Tun inbound](/configuration/inbound/tun#stack) and [WireGuard outbound](/configuration/outbound/wireguard#system_interface).                                                                                                                                                                   |
 | `with_embedded_tor` (CGO required) | :material-close:️ | Build with embedded Tor support, see [Tor outbound](/configuration/outbound/tor/).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
 | `with_tailscale`                   | :material-check:  | Build with Tailscale support, see [Tailscale endpoint](/configuration/endpoint/tailscale)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `with_naive_outbound`              | :material-close:️ | 构建 NaiveProxy 出站支持，参阅 [NaiveProxy 出站](/zh/configuration/outbound/naive/)。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |

 除非您确实知道您正在启用什么，否则不建议更改默认构建标签列表。
+
+## :material-layers: with_naive_outbound
+
+NaiveProxy 出站需要根据目标平台进行特殊的构建配置。
+
+### 支持的平台
+
+| 平台            | 架构                   | 模式     | 要求                                                                                                                                          |
+|---------------|----------------------|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| Windows       | *                    | purego | 无                                                                                                                                           |
+| Linux         | amd64, arm64         | purego | 从 [cronet-go releases](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/releases) 下载 libcronet 到系统库目录或 sing-box 二进制文件相同目录                                |
+| Linux         | 386, amd64, arm, arm64 | CGO    | Chromium 工具链（参阅 [cronet-go](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go)）                                                                         |
+| Apple 平台      | *                    | CGO    | Xcode                                                                                                                                       |
+| Android       | *                    | CGO    | Android NDK                                                                                                                                 |
+
+### Windows
+
+使用 `with_purego` 标记。
+
+### Linux (purego, 仅 amd64/arm64)
+
+从 [cronet-go releases](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/releases) 下载 `libcronet.so` 并安装到系统库目录或 sing-box 二进制文件相同目录，然后使用 `with_purego` 标记。
+
+### Linux (CGO)
+
+参阅 [cronet-go](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go#linux-build-instructions)。
+
+### Apple 平台 / Android
+
+参阅 [cronet-go](https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go)。
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ require (
 	github.com/sagernet/asc-go v0.0.0-20241217030726-d563060fe4e1
 	github.com/sagernet/bbolt v0.0.0-20231014093535-ea5cb2fe9f0a
 	github.com/sagernet/cors v1.2.1
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go v0.0.1-140.0.7339.123-1
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/all v0.0.0-20251213155601-2094cc48331c
 	github.com/sagernet/fswatch v0.1.1
-	github.com/sagernet/gomobile v0.1.8
+	github.com/sagernet/gomobile v0.1.10
 	github.com/sagernet/gvisor v0.0.0-20250811.0-sing-box-mod.1
 	github.com/sagernet/quic-go v0.57.1-sing-box-mod.1
 	github.com/sagernet/sing v0.8.0-beta.6.0.20251207063731-56fd482ce1c6
@@ -73,6 +75,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/dblohm7/wingoes v0.0.0-20240119213807-a09d6be7affa // indirect
 	github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/v4 v4.0.0-preview1 // indirect
 	github.com/digitalocean/go-smbios v0.0.0-20180907143718-390a4f403a8e // indirect
+	github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gaissmai/bart v0.18.0 // indirect
@@ -104,6 +107,29 @@ require (
 	github.com/prometheus-community/pro-bing v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/quic-go/qpack v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/safchain/ethtool v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_386 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_amd64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_arm v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_arm64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/darwin_amd64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/darwin_arm64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/ios_amd64_simulator v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/ios_arm64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/ios_arm64_simulator v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_386 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_386_musl v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_amd64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_amd64_musl v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm64_musl v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm_musl v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/tvos_amd64_simulator v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/tvos_arm64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/tvos_arm64_simulator v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/windows_386 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/windows_amd64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/windows_arm64 v0.0.0-20251213155152-e4fff13128e6 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/netlink v0.0.0-20240612041022-b9a21c07ac6a // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/nftables v0.3.0-beta.4 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.6 // indirect
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/v4 v4.0.0-preview1 h1:CaO/zOnF8VvUfEbhRatPcwKVWamvbY
 github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/v4 v4.0.0-preview1/go.mod h1:+hnT3ywWDTAFrW5aE+u2Sa/wT555ZqwoCS+pk3p6ry4=
 github.com/digitalocean/go-smbios v0.0.0-20180907143718-390a4f403a8e h1:vUmf0yezR0y7jJ5pceLHthLaYf4bA5T14B6q39S4q2Q=
 github.com/digitalocean/go-smbios v0.0.0-20180907143718-390a4f403a8e/go.mod h1:YTIHhz/QFSYnu/EhlF2SpU2Uk+32abacUYA5ZPljz1A=
+github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.9.1 h1:a/k2f2HQU3Pi399RPW1MOaZyhKJL9w/xFpKAg4q1s0A=
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 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0 h1:8JEhPFa5W2WU7YfeZzPNqzMP6Lwt7L2715Ggo0nosvA=
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:40Bi/Hjc2AVfZrqy+aj+yEI+/bRxZnMJyTJwOpGvigM=
 github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.7.0 h1:iM5WgngdRBanHcxugY4JySA0nk1wZorNOpTgCMedv5E=
@@ -149,10 +151,60 @@ github.com/sagernet/bbolt v0.0.0-20231014093535-ea5cb2fe9f0a h1:+NkI2670SQpQWvkk
 github.com/sagernet/bbolt v0.0.0-20231014093535-ea5cb2fe9f0a/go.mod h1:63s7jpZqcDAIpj8oI/1v4Izok+npJOHACFCU6+huCkM=
 github.com/sagernet/cors v1.2.1 h1:Cv5Z8y9YSD6Gm+qSpNrL3LO4lD3eQVvbFYJSG7JCMHQ=
 github.com/sagernet/cors v1.2.1/go.mod h1:O64VyOjjhrkLmQIjF4KGRrJO/5dVXFdpEmCW/eISRAI=
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 github.com/sagernet/netlink v0.0.0-20240612041022-b9a21c07ac6a h1:ObwtHN2VpqE0ZNjr6sGeT00J8uU7JF4cNUdb44/Duis=
--- a/include/naive_outbound.go
+++ b/include/naive_outbound.go
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//go:build with_naive_outbound
+
+package include
+
+import (
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/outbound"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/protocol/naive"
+)
+
+func registerNaiveOutbound(registry *outbound.Registry) {
+	naive.RegisterOutbound(registry)
+}
--- a/include/naive_outbound_stub.go
+++ b/include/naive_outbound_stub.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//go:build !with_naive_outbound
+
+package include
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/outbound"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+)
+
+func registerNaiveOutbound(registry *outbound.Registry) {
+	outbound.Register[option.NaiveOutboundOptions](registry, C.TypeNaive, func(ctx context.Context, router adapter.Router, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, options option.NaiveOutboundOptions) (adapter.Outbound, error) {
+		return nil, E.New(`naive outbound is not included in this build, rebuild with -tags with_naive_outbound`)
+	})
+}
--- a/include/registry.go
+++ b/include/registry.go
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ func OutboundRegistry() *outbound.Registry {
 	shadowsocks.RegisterOutbound(registry)
 	vmess.RegisterOutbound(registry)
 	trojan.RegisterOutbound(registry)
+	registerNaiveOutbound(registry)
 	tor.RegisterOutbound(registry)
 	ssh.RegisterOutbound(registry)
 	shadowtls.RegisterOutbound(registry)
--- a/option/naive.go
+++ b/option/naive.go
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package option

-import "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/auth"
+import (
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/auth"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json/badoption"
+)

 type NaiveInboundOptions struct {
 	ListenOptions
@@ -8,3 +11,13 @@ type NaiveInboundOptions struct {
 	Network NetworkList `json:"network,omitempty"`
 	InboundTLSOptionsContainer
 }
+
+type NaiveOutboundOptions struct {
+	DialerOptions
+	ServerOptions
+	Username            string               `json:"username,omitempty"`
+	Password            string               `json:"password,omitempty"`
+	InsecureConcurrency int                  `json:"insecure_concurrency,omitempty"`
+	ExtraHeaders        badoption.HTTPHeader `json:"extra_headers,omitempty"`
+	OutboundTLSOptionsContainer
+}
--- a/protocol/naive/inbound.go
+++ b/protocol/naive/inbound.go
@@ -91,10 +91,6 @@ func (n *Inbound) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, "create TLS config")
 		}
-		tlsConfig, err = n.tlsConfig.STDConfig()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
 	}
 	if common.Contains(n.network, N.NetworkTCP) {
 		tcpListener, err := n.listener.ListenTCP()
--- a/protocol/naive/outbound.go
+++ b/protocol/naive/outbound.go
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+//go:build with_naive_outbound
+
+package naive
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/cronet-go"
+	_ "github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/all"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/outbound"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/dialer"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
+	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
+	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+)
+
+func RegisterOutbound(registry *outbound.Registry) {
+	outbound.Register[option.NaiveOutboundOptions](registry, C.TypeNaive, NewOutbound)
+}
+
+type Outbound struct {
+	outbound.Adapter
+	ctx    context.Context
+	logger logger.ContextLogger
+	client *cronet.NaiveClient
+}
+
+func NewOutbound(ctx context.Context, router adapter.Router, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, options option.NaiveOutboundOptions) (adapter.Outbound, error) {
+	if options.TLS == nil || !options.TLS.Enabled {
+		return nil, C.ErrTLSRequired
+	}
+	if options.TLS.DisableSNI {
+		return nil, E.New("disable_sni is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.Insecure {
+		return nil, E.New("insecure is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if len(options.TLS.ALPN) > 0 {
+		return nil, E.New("alpn is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.MinVersion != "" {
+		return nil, E.New("min_version is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.MaxVersion != "" {
+		return nil, E.New("max_version is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if len(options.TLS.CipherSuites) > 0 {
+		return nil, E.New("cipher_suites is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if len(options.TLS.CurvePreferences) > 0 {
+		return nil, E.New("curve_preferences is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if len(options.TLS.ClientCertificate) > 0 || options.TLS.ClientCertificatePath != "" {
+		return nil, E.New("client_certificate is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if len(options.TLS.ClientKey) > 0 || options.TLS.ClientKeyPath != "" {
+		return nil, E.New("client_key is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.Fragment || options.TLS.RecordFragment {
+		return nil, E.New("fragment is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.KernelTx || options.TLS.KernelRx {
+		return nil, E.New("kernel TLS is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.ECH != nil && options.TLS.ECH.Enabled {
+		return nil, E.New("ECH is not currently supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.UTLS != nil && options.TLS.UTLS.Enabled {
+		return nil, E.New("uTLS is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+	if options.TLS.Reality != nil && options.TLS.Reality.Enabled {
+		return nil, E.New("reality is not supported on naive outbound")
+	}
+
+	serverAddress := options.ServerOptions.Build()
+
+	var serverName string
+	if options.TLS.ServerName != "" {
+		serverName = options.TLS.ServerName
+	} else {
+		serverName = serverAddress.AddrString()
+	}
+
+	outboundDialer, err := dialer.NewWithOptions(dialer.Options{
+		Context:          ctx,
+		Options:          options.DialerOptions,
+		RemoteIsDomain:   true,
+		ResolverOnDetour: true,
+		NewDialer:        true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var trustedRootCertificates string
+	if len(options.TLS.Certificate) > 0 {
+		trustedRootCertificates = strings.Join(options.TLS.Certificate, "\n")
+	} else if options.TLS.CertificatePath != "" {
+		content, err := os.ReadFile(options.TLS.CertificatePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, E.Cause(err, "read certificate")
+		}
+		trustedRootCertificates = string(content)
+	}
+
+	extraHeaders := make(map[string]string)
+	for key, values := range options.ExtraHeaders.Build() {
+		if len(values) > 0 {
+			extraHeaders[key] = values[0]
+		}
+	}
+
+	client, err := cronet.NewNaiveClient(cronet.NaiveClientConfig{
+		Context:                    ctx,
+		ServerAddress:              serverAddress,
+		ServerName:                 serverName,
+		Username:                   options.Username,
+		Password:                   options.Password,
+		Concurrency:                options.InsecureConcurrency,
+		ExtraHeaders:               extraHeaders,
+		TrustedRootCertificates:    trustedRootCertificates,
+		CertificatePublicKeySHA256: options.TLS.CertificatePublicKeySHA256,
+		Dialer:                     outboundDialer,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &Outbound{
+		Adapter: outbound.NewAdapterWithDialerOptions(C.TypeNaive, tag, []string{N.NetworkTCP}, options.DialerOptions),
+		ctx:     ctx,
+		logger:  logger,
+		client:  client,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (o *Outbound) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
+	if stage != adapter.StartStateStart {
+		return nil
+	}
+	err := o.client.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	o.logger.Info("NaiveProxy started, version: ", o.client.Engine().Version())
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (o *Outbound) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
+	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
+	metadata.Outbound = o.Tag()
+	metadata.Destination = destination
+	o.logger.InfoContext(ctx, "outbound connection to ", destination)
+	return o.client.DialContext(ctx, destination)
+}
+
+func (o *Outbound) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+}
+
+func (o *Outbound) Close() error {
+	return o.client.Close()
+}
+
+func (o *Outbound) StartNetLogToFile(fileName string, logAll bool) bool {
+	return o.client.Engine().StartNetLogToFile(fileName, logAll)
+}
+
+func (o *Outbound) StopNetLog() {
+	o.client.Engine().StopNetLog()
+}
--- a/test/box_test.go
+++ b/test/box_test.go
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func testSuit(t *testing.T, clientPort uint16, testPort uint16) {
 func testQUIC(t *testing.T, clientPort uint16) {
 	dialer := socks.NewClient(N.SystemDialer, M.ParseSocksaddrHostPort("127.0.0.1", clientPort), socks.Version5, "", "")
 	client := &http.Client{
-		Transport: &http3.RoundTripper{
+		Transport: &http3.Transport{
 			Dial: func(ctx context.Context, addr string, tlsCfg *tls.Config, cfg *quic.Config) (*quic.Conn, error) {
 				destination := M.ParseSocksaddr(addr)
 				udpConn, err := dialer.DialContext(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, destination)
--- a/test/go.mod
+++ b/test/go.mod
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 module test

-go 1.23.1
-
-toolchain go1.24.0
+go 1.24.7

 require github.com/sagernet/sing-box v0.0.0

@@ -12,15 +10,15 @@ require (
 	github.com/docker/docker v27.3.1+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.5.0
 	github.com/gofrs/uuid/v5 v5.3.2
-	github.com/sagernet/quic-go v0.52.0-beta.1
-	github.com/sagernet/sing v0.7.8-0.20250909124511-ab3827767cea
-	github.com/sagernet/sing-quic v0.5.2-0.20250909100920-da23407a63d5
+	github.com/sagernet/quic-go v0.57.1-sing-box-mod.1
+	github.com/sagernet/sing v0.8.0-beta.6.0.20251207063731-56fd482ce1c6
+	github.com/sagernet/sing-quic v0.6.0-beta.5
 	github.com/sagernet/sing-shadowsocks v0.2.8
 	github.com/sagernet/sing-shadowsocks2 v0.2.1
 	github.com/spyzhov/ajson v0.9.4
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
 	go.uber.org/goleak v1.3.0
-	golang.org/x/net v0.43.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.44.0
 )

 require (
@@ -30,26 +28,29 @@ require (
 	github.com/akutz/memconn v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/alexbrainman/sspi v0.0.0-20231016080023-1a75b4708caa // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/anytls/sing-anytls v0.0.8 // indirect
-	github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.13.0 // indirect
+	github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-go v1.14.0 // indirect
+	github.com/anytls/sing-anytls v0.0.11 // indirect
 	github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.23.0 // indirect
 	github.com/caddyserver/zerossl v0.1.3 // indirect
 	github.com/coder/websocket v1.8.13 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/coreos/go-iptables v0.7.1-0.20240112124308-65c67c9f46e6 // indirect
 	github.com/cretz/bine v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/database64128/netx-go v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/database64128/tfo-go/v2 v2.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
 	github.com/dblohm7/wingoes v0.0.0-20240119213807-a09d6be7affa // indirect
 	github.com/digitalocean/go-smbios v0.0.0-20180907143718-390a4f403a8e // indirect
 	github.com/distribution/reference v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/gaissmai/bart v0.11.1 // indirect
+	github.com/gaissmai/bart v0.18.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-chi/render v1.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/go-json-experiment/json v0.0.0-20250103232110-6a9a0fde9288 // indirect
+	github.com/go-json-experiment/json v0.0.0-20250223041408-d3c622f1b874 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.3.0 // indirect
@@ -62,16 +63,14 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/nftables v0.2.1-0.20240414091927-5e242ec57806 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/gorilla/csrf v1.7.3-0.20250123201450-9dd6af1f6d30 // indirect
-	github.com/gorilla/securecookie v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/yamux v0.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hdevalence/ed25519consensus v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/illarion/gonotify/v2 v2.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/illarion/gonotify/v3 v3.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/insomniacslk/dhcp v0.0.0-20250417080101-5f8cf70e8c5f // indirect
 	github.com/jsimonetti/rtnetlink v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/keybase/go-keychain v0.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.11 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.10 // indirect
-	github.com/kortschak/wol v0.0.0-20200729010619-da482cc4850a // indirect
 	github.com/libdns/alidns v1.0.5-libdns.v1.beta1 // indirect
 	github.com/libdns/cloudflare v0.2.2-0.20250708034226-c574dccb31a6 // indirect
 	github.com/libdns/libdns v1.1.0 // indirect
@@ -80,8 +79,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mdlayher/netlink v1.7.3-0.20250113171957-fbb4dce95f42 // indirect
 	github.com/mdlayher/sdnotify v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mdlayher/socket v0.5.1 // indirect
-	github.com/metacubex/tfo-go v0.0.0-20250516165257-e29c16ae41d4 // indirect
-	github.com/metacubex/utls v1.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/metacubex/utls v1.8.3 // indirect
 	github.com/mholt/acmez/v3 v3.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.67 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/go-ps v1.0.0 // indirect
@@ -94,30 +92,54 @@ require (
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus-community/pro-bing v0.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/quic-go/qpack v0.5.1 // indirect
+	github.com/quic-go/qpack v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/safchain/ethtool v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/bbolt v0.0.0-20231014093535-ea5cb2fe9f0a // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/cors v1.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go v0.0.1-140.0.7339.123-1 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/all v0.0.0-20251212022647-84c3c9e2a88e // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_386 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_amd64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_arm v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/android_arm64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/darwin_amd64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/darwin_arm64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/ios_arm64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_386 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_386_musl v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_amd64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_amd64_musl v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm64_musl v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/linux_arm_musl v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/windows_386 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/windows_amd64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/lib/windows_arm64 v0.0.0-20251212022311-629f90088dc7 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/fswatch v0.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/gvisor v0.0.0-20250822052253-5558536cf237 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/netlink v0.0.0-20240612041022-b9a21c07ac6a // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/nftables v0.3.0-beta.4 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/sing-mux v0.3.3 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/sing-shadowtls v0.2.1-0.20250503051639-fcd445d33c11 // indirect
-	github.com/sagernet/sing-tun v0.8.0-beta.1.0.20250909100419-a8cb01e6df93 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/sing-tun v0.8.0-beta.11 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/sing-vmess v0.2.8-0.20250909125414-3aed155119a1 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/smux v1.5.34-mod.2 // indirect
-	github.com/sagernet/tailscale v1.80.3-sing-box-1.13-mod.1 // indirect
-	github.com/sagernet/wireguard-go v0.0.1-beta.7 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/tailscale v1.86.5-sing-box-1.13-mod.4 // indirect
+	github.com/sagernet/wireguard-go v0.0.2-beta.1.0.20250917110311-16510ac47288 // indirect
 	github.com/sagernet/ws v0.0.0-20231204124109-acfe8907c854 // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/certstore v0.1.1-0.20231202035212-d3fa0460f47e // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/go-winio v0.0.0-20231025203758-c4f33415bf55 // indirect
-	github.com/tailscale/golang-x-crypto v0.0.0-20240604161659-3fde5e568aa4 // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/goupnp v1.0.1-0.20210804011211-c64d0f06ea05 // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/hujson v0.0.0-20221223112325-20486734a56a // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/netlink v1.1.1-0.20240822203006-4d49adab4de7 // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/peercred v0.0.0-20250107143737-35a0c7bd7edc // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/web-client-prebuilt v0.0.0-20250124233751-d4cd19a26976 // indirect
+	github.com/tailscale/wireguard-go v0.0.0-20250716170648-1d0488a3d7da // indirect
+	github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tidwall/match v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/tidwall/pretty v1.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/tidwall/sjson v1.2.5 // indirect
 	github.com/u-root/uio v0.0.0-20240224005618-d2acac8f3701 // indirect
 	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.5 // indirect
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
@@ -133,15 +155,15 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/zap/exp v0.3.0 // indirect
 	go4.org/mem v0.0.0-20240501181205-ae6ca9944745 // indirect
 	go4.org/netipx v0.0.0-20231129151722-fdeea329fbba // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250506013437-ce4c2cf36ca6 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.34.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.9.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.42.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250911091902-df9299821621 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.28.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.36.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.35.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.29.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.11.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0 // indirect
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2 // indirect
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/windows v0.5.3 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250324211829-b45e905df463 // indirect
--- a/test/go.sum
+++ b/test/go.sum
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ github.com/alexbrainman/sspi v0.0.0-20231016080023-1a75b4708caa h1:LHTHcTQiSGT7V
 github.com/alexbrainman/sspi v0.0.0-20231016080023-1a75b4708caa/go.mod h1:cEWa1LVoE5KvSD9ONXsZrj0z6KqySlCCNKHlLzbqAt4=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.1.0 h1:eLKJA0d02Lf0mVpIDgYnqXcUn0GqVmEFny3VuID1U3M=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.1.0/go.mod h1:sms7XGricyQI9K10gOSf56VKKWS4oLer58Q+mhRPtnY=
-github.com/anytls/sing-anytls v0.0.8 h1:1u/fnH1HoeeMV5mX7/eUOjLBvPdkd1UJRmXiRi6Vymc=
-github.com/anytls/sing-anytls v0.0.8/go.mod h1:7rjN6IukwysmdusYsrV51Fgu1uW6vsrdd6ctjnEAln8=
-github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.13.0 h1:bAQ9OPNFYbGHV6Nez0tmNI0RiEu7/hxlYJRUA0wFAVE=
-github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.13.0/go.mod h1:7hO7Gc7Pp1vODcmWvKMRA9BNmbv6a/7QIWpPxHddWR8=
+github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-go v1.14.0 h1:EzNQvnZlaDHe2UPkoUySDz3ixRgNbwKdH8KtFpv7pi4=
+github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-go v1.14.0/go.mod h1:WTz31rIUHUHqai2UslPpw5CwXrQP3geYBioRV4WOLvE=
+github.com/anytls/sing-anytls v0.0.11 h1:w8e9Uj1oP3m4zxkyZDewPk0EcQbvVxb7Nn+rapEx4fc=
+github.com/anytls/sing-anytls v0.0.11/go.mod h1:7rjN6IukwysmdusYsrV51Fgu1uW6vsrdd6ctjnEAln8=
 github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.23.0 h1:CfpZ/50jMfG4+1J/u2LV6piJq4HOfO6ppOnOf7DkFEU=
 github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.23.0/go.mod h1:9mEZIWqqWoI+Gf+4Trh04MOVPD0tGSxtqsxg87hAIH4=
 github.com/caddyserver/zerossl v0.1.3 h1:onS+pxp3M8HnHpN5MMbOMyNjmTheJyWRaZYwn+YTAyA=
@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ github.com/coreos/go-iptables v0.7.1-0.20240112124308-65c67c9f46e6 h1:8h5+bWd7R6
 github.com/coreos/go-iptables v0.7.1-0.20240112124308-65c67c9f46e6/go.mod h1:Qe8Bv2Xik5FyTXwgIbLAnv2sWSBmvWdFETJConOQ//Q=
 github.com/cretz/bine v0.2.0 h1:8GiDRGlTgz+o8H9DSnsl+5MeBK4HsExxgl6WgzOCuZo=
 github.com/cretz/bine v0.2.0/go.mod h1:WU4o9QR9wWp8AVKtTM1XD5vUHkEqnf2vVSo6dBqbetI=
+github.com/database64128/netx-go v0.1.1 h1:dT5LG7Gs7zFZBthFBbzWE6K8wAHjSNAaK7wCYZT7NzM=
+github.com/database64128/netx-go v0.1.1/go.mod h1:LNlYVipaYkQArRFDNNJ02VkNV+My9A5XR/IGS7sIBQc=
+github.com/database64128/tfo-go/v2 v2.3.1 h1:EGE+ELd5/AQ0X6YBlQ9RgKs8+kciNhgN3d8lRvfEJQw=
+github.com/database64128/tfo-go/v2 v2.3.1/go.mod h1:k9wcpg/8i5zenspBkc9jUEYehpZZccBnCElzOJB++bU=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc h1:U9qPSI2PIWSS1VwoXQT9A3Wy9MM3WgvqSxFWenqJduM=
@@ -48,22 +52,24 @@ github.com/docker/go-connections v0.5.0 h1:USnMq7hx7gwdVZq1L49hLXaFtUdTADjXGp+uj
 github.com/docker/go-connections v0.5.0/go.mod h1:ov60Kzw0kKElRwhNs9UlUHAE/F9Fe6GLaXnqyDdmEXc=
 github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 h1:69rxXcBk27SvSaaxTtLh/8llcHD8vYHT7WSdRZ/jvr4=
 github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0/go.mod h1:fgPhTUdO+D/Jk86RDLlptpiXQzgHJF7gydDDbaIK4Dk=
+github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.9.1 h1:a/k2f2HQU3Pi399RPW1MOaZyhKJL9w/xFpKAg4q1s0A=
+github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.9.1/go.mod h1:iIjxzd6CiRiOG0UyXP+V1+jWqUXVjPKLAI0mRfJZTmQ=
 github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 h1:NFTV2Zj1bL4mc9sqWACXbQFVBBg2W3GPvqp8/ESS2Wg=
 github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4/go.mod h1:m8KPJKqk1gH5J9DgRY2ASl2lWCfGKXixSwevea8zH2U=
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0 h1:8JEhPFa5W2WU7YfeZzPNqzMP6Lwt7L2715Ggo0nosvA=
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:40Bi/Hjc2AVfZrqy+aj+yEI+/bRxZnMJyTJwOpGvigM=
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@@ -189,31 +227,31 @@ github.com/sagernet/netlink v0.0.0-20240612041022-b9a21c07ac6a h1:ObwtHN2VpqE0ZN
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@@ -229,14 +267,12 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/
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@@ -247,8 +283,20 @@ github.com/tailscale/peercred v0.0.0-20250107143737-35a0c7bd7edc h1:24heQPtnFR+y
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@@ -300,30 +348,30 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACk
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-golang.org/x/net v0.43.0/go.mod h1:vhO1fvI4dGsIjh73sWfUVjj3N7CA9WkKJNQm2svM6Jg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.44.0 h1:evd8IRDyfNBMBTTY5XRF1vaZlD+EmWx6x8PkhR04H/I=
+golang.org/x/net v0.44.0/go.mod h1:ECOoLqd5U3Lhyeyo/QDCEVQ4sNgYsqvCZ722XogGieY=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190423024810-112230192c58/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190911185100-cd5d95a43a6e/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20201020160332-67f06af15bc9/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20210220032951-036812b2e83c/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 h1:ycBJEhp9p4vXvUZNszeOq0kGTPghopOL8q0fq3vstxw=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0/go.mod h1:1dzgHSNfp02xaA81J2MS99Qcpr2w7fw1gpm99rleRqA=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0 h1:l60nONMj9l5drqw6jlhIELNv9I0A4OFgRsG9k2oT9Ug=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0/go.mod h1:9KTHXmSnoGruLpwFjVSX0lNNA75CykiMECbovNTZqGI=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190215142949-d0b11bdaac8a/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190412213103-97732733099d/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200217220822-9197077df867/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
@@ -335,24 +383,24 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220817070843-5a390386f1f2/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.1.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.21.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 h1:vz1N37gP5bs89s7He8XuIYXpyY0+QlsKmzipCbUtyxI=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0/go.mod h1:BJP2sWEmIv4KK5OTEluFJCKSidICx8ciO85XgH3Ak8k=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.36.0 h1:KVRy2GtZBrk1cBYA7MKu5bEZFxQk4NIDV6RLVcC8o0k=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.36.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
-golang.org/x/term v0.34.0 h1:O/2T7POpk0ZZ7MAzMeWFSg6S5IpWd/RXDlM9hgM3DR4=
-golang.org/x/term v0.34.0/go.mod h1:5jC53AEywhIVebHgPVeg0mj8OD3VO9OzclacVrqpaAw=
+golang.org/x/term v0.35.0 h1:bZBVKBudEyhRcajGcNc3jIfWPqV4y/Kt2XcoigOWtDQ=
+golang.org/x/term v0.35.0/go.mod h1:TPGtkTLesOwf2DE8CgVYiZinHAOuy5AYUYT1lENIZnA=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 h1:rhazDwis8INMIwQ4tpjLDzUhx6RlXqZNPEM0huQojng=
-golang.org/x/text v0.28.0/go.mod h1:U8nCwOR8jO/marOQ0QbDiOngZVEBB7MAiitBuMjXiNU=
-golang.org/x/time v0.9.0 h1:EsRrnYcQiGH+5FfbgvV4AP7qEZstoyrHB0DzarOQ4ZY=
-golang.org/x/time v0.9.0/go.mod h1:3BpzKBy/shNhVucY/MWOyx10tF3SFh9QdLuxbVysPQM=
+golang.org/x/text v0.29.0 h1:1neNs90w9YzJ9BocxfsQNHKuAT4pkghyXc4nhZ6sJvk=
+golang.org/x/text v0.29.0/go.mod h1:7MhJOA9CD2qZyOKYazxdYMF85OwPdEr9jTtBpO7ydH4=
+golang.org/x/time v0.11.0 h1:/bpjEDfN9tkoN/ryeYHnv5hcMlc8ncjMcM4XBk5NWV0=
+golang.org/x/time v0.11.0/go.mod h1:CDIdPxbZBQxdj6cxyCIdrNogrJKMJ7pr37NYpMcMDSg=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191119224855-298f0cb1881e/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20200619180055-7c47624df98f/go.mod h1:EkVYQZoAsY45+roYkvgYkIh4xh/qjgUK9TdY2XT94GE=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20210106214847-113979e3529a/go.mod h1:emZCQorbCU4vsT4fOWvOPXz4eW1wZW4PmDk9uLelYpA=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 h1:kWS0uv/zsvHEle1LbV5LE8QujrxB3wfQyxHfhOk0Qkg=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0/go.mod h1:WBDiHKJK8YgLHlcQPYQzNCkUxUypCaa5ZegCVutKm+s=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0 h1:DVSRzp7FwePZW356yEAChSdNcQo6Nsp+fex1SUW09lE=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0/go.mod h1:MBN5QPQtLMHVdvsbtarmTNukZDdgwdwlO5qGacAzF0w=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
@@ -377,6 +425,8 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.1 h1:EENdUnS3pdur5nybKYIh2Vfgc8IUNBjxDPSjtiJcOzU=
 gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.1/go.mod h1:isy3WKz7GK6uNw/sbHzfKBLvlvXwUyV06n6brMxxopU=
+gvisor.dev/gvisor v0.0.0-20250205023644-9414b50a5633 h1:2gap+Kh/3F47cO6hAu3idFvsJ0ue6TRcEi2IUkv/F8k=
+gvisor.dev/gvisor v0.0.0-20250205023644-9414b50a5633/go.mod h1:5DMfjtclAbTIjbXqO1qCe2K5GKKxWz2JHvCChuTcJEM=
 lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.3.0 h1:sJ3XhFINmHSrYCgl958hscfIa3bw8x4DqMP3u1YvoYE=
 lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.3.0/go.mod h1:0OFRp7fBtAylGVCO40o87sbupkyIGgbpv1+M1k1LM6k=
 software.sslmate.com/src/go-pkcs12 v0.4.0 h1:H2g08FrTvSFKUj+D309j1DPfk5APnIdAQAB8aEykJ5k=
--- a/test/naive_self_test.go
+++ b/test/naive_self_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,442 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/tls"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/protocol/naive"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/auth"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json/badoption"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestNaiveSelf(t *testing.T) {
+	caPem, certPem, keyPem := createSelfSignedCertificate(t, "example.org")
+	caPemContent, err := os.ReadFile(caPem)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	startInstance(t, option.Options{
+		Inbounds: []option.Inbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeMixed,
+				Tag:  "mixed-in",
+				Options: &option.HTTPMixedInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: clientPort,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-in",
+				Options: &option.NaiveInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Users: []auth.User{
+						{
+							Username: "sekai",
+							Password: "password",
+						},
+					},
+					Network: network.NetworkTCP,
+					InboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.InboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.InboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:         true,
+							ServerName:      "example.org",
+							CertificatePath: certPem,
+							KeyPath:         keyPem,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Outbounds: []option.Outbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeDirect,
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-out",
+				Options: &option.NaiveOutboundOptions{
+					ServerOptions: option.ServerOptions{
+						Server:     "127.0.0.1",
+						ServerPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Username: "sekai",
+					Password: "password",
+					OutboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.OutboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.OutboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:     true,
+							ServerName:  "example.org",
+							Certificate: []string{string(caPemContent)},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Route: &option.RouteOptions{
+			Rules: []option.Rule{
+				{
+					Type: C.RuleTypeDefault,
+					DefaultOptions: option.DefaultRule{
+						RawDefaultRule: option.RawDefaultRule{
+							Inbound: []string{"mixed-in"},
+						},
+						RuleAction: option.RuleAction{
+							Action: C.RuleActionTypeRoute,
+							RouteOptions: option.RouteActionOptions{
+								Outbound: "naive-out",
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	testTCP(t, clientPort, testPort)
+}
+
+func TestNaiveSelfPublicKeySHA256(t *testing.T) {
+	_, certPem, keyPem := createSelfSignedCertificate(t, "example.org")
+
+	// Read and parse the server certificate to get its public key SHA256
+	certPemContent, err := os.ReadFile(certPem)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	block, _ := pem.Decode(certPemContent)
+	require.NotNil(t, block)
+	cert, err := x509.ParseCertificate(block.Bytes)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Calculate SHA256 of SPKI (Subject Public Key Info)
+	spkiBytes, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(cert.PublicKey)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	pinHash := sha256.Sum256(spkiBytes)
+
+	startInstance(t, option.Options{
+		Inbounds: []option.Inbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeMixed,
+				Tag:  "mixed-in",
+				Options: &option.HTTPMixedInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: clientPort,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-in",
+				Options: &option.NaiveInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Users: []auth.User{
+						{
+							Username: "sekai",
+							Password: "password",
+						},
+					},
+					Network: network.NetworkTCP,
+					InboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.InboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.InboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:         true,
+							ServerName:      "example.org",
+							CertificatePath: certPem,
+							KeyPath:         keyPem,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Outbounds: []option.Outbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeDirect,
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-out",
+				Options: &option.NaiveOutboundOptions{
+					ServerOptions: option.ServerOptions{
+						Server:     "127.0.0.1",
+						ServerPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Username: "sekai",
+					Password: "password",
+					OutboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.OutboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.OutboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:                    true,
+							ServerName:                 "example.org",
+							CertificatePublicKeySHA256: [][]byte{pinHash[:]},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Route: &option.RouteOptions{
+			Rules: []option.Rule{
+				{
+					Type: C.RuleTypeDefault,
+					DefaultOptions: option.DefaultRule{
+						RawDefaultRule: option.RawDefaultRule{
+							Inbound: []string{"mixed-in"},
+						},
+						RuleAction: option.RuleAction{
+							Action: C.RuleActionTypeRoute,
+							RouteOptions: option.RouteActionOptions{
+								Outbound: "naive-out",
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	testTCP(t, clientPort, testPort)
+}
+
+func TestNaiveSelfECH(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Skip("TODO: ECH is not currently supported on naive outbound")
+	caPem, certPem, keyPem := createSelfSignedCertificate(t, "example.org")
+	caPemContent, err := os.ReadFile(caPem)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	echConfig, echKey := common.Must2(tls.ECHKeygenDefault("not.example.org"))
+	instance := startInstance(t, option.Options{
+		Inbounds: []option.Inbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeMixed,
+				Tag:  "mixed-in",
+				Options: &option.HTTPMixedInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: clientPort,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-in",
+				Options: &option.NaiveInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Users: []auth.User{
+						{
+							Username: "sekai",
+							Password: "password",
+						},
+					},
+					Network: network.NetworkTCP,
+					InboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.InboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.InboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:         true,
+							ServerName:      "example.org",
+							CertificatePath: certPem,
+							KeyPath:         keyPem,
+							ECH: &option.InboundECHOptions{
+								Enabled: true,
+								Key:     []string{echKey},
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Outbounds: []option.Outbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeDirect,
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-out",
+				Options: &option.NaiveOutboundOptions{
+					ServerOptions: option.ServerOptions{
+						Server:     "127.0.0.1",
+						ServerPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Username: "sekai",
+					Password: "password",
+					OutboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.OutboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.OutboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:     true,
+							ServerName:  "example.org",
+							Certificate: []string{string(caPemContent)},
+							ECH: &option.OutboundECHOptions{
+								Enabled: true,
+								Config:  []string{echConfig},
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Route: &option.RouteOptions{
+			Rules: []option.Rule{
+				{
+					Type: C.RuleTypeDefault,
+					DefaultOptions: option.DefaultRule{
+						RawDefaultRule: option.RawDefaultRule{
+							Inbound: []string{"mixed-in"},
+						},
+						RuleAction: option.RuleAction{
+							Action: C.RuleActionTypeRoute,
+							RouteOptions: option.RouteActionOptions{
+								Outbound: "naive-out",
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	naiveOut, ok := instance.Outbound().Outbound("naive-out")
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	naiveOutbound := naiveOut.(*naive.Outbound)
+
+	netLogPath := "/tmp/naive_ech_netlog.json"
+	require.True(t, naiveOutbound.StartNetLogToFile(netLogPath, true))
+	defer naiveOutbound.StopNetLog()
+
+	testTCP(t, clientPort, testPort)
+
+	naiveOutbound.StopNetLog()
+
+	logContent, err := os.ReadFile(netLogPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	logStr := string(logContent)
+
+	require.True(t, strings.Contains(logStr, `"encrypted_client_hello":true`),
+		"ECH should be accepted in TLS handshake. NetLog saved to: %s", netLogPath)
+}
+
+func TestNaiveSelfInsecureConcurrency(t *testing.T) {
+	caPem, certPem, keyPem := createSelfSignedCertificate(t, "example.org")
+	caPemContent, err := os.ReadFile(caPem)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	instance := startInstance(t, option.Options{
+		Inbounds: []option.Inbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeMixed,
+				Tag:  "mixed-in",
+				Options: &option.HTTPMixedInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: clientPort,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-in",
+				Options: &option.NaiveInboundOptions{
+					ListenOptions: option.ListenOptions{
+						Listen:     common.Ptr(badoption.Addr(netip.IPv4Unspecified())),
+						ListenPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Users: []auth.User{
+						{
+							Username: "sekai",
+							Password: "password",
+						},
+					},
+					Network: network.NetworkTCP,
+					InboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.InboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.InboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:         true,
+							ServerName:      "example.org",
+							CertificatePath: certPem,
+							KeyPath:         keyPem,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Outbounds: []option.Outbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeDirect,
+			},
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeNaive,
+				Tag:  "naive-out",
+				Options: &option.NaiveOutboundOptions{
+					ServerOptions: option.ServerOptions{
+						Server:     "127.0.0.1",
+						ServerPort: serverPort,
+					},
+					Username:            "sekai",
+					Password:            "password",
+					InsecureConcurrency: 3,
+					OutboundTLSOptionsContainer: option.OutboundTLSOptionsContainer{
+						TLS: &option.OutboundTLSOptions{
+							Enabled:     true,
+							ServerName:  "example.org",
+							Certificate: []string{string(caPemContent)},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Route: &option.RouteOptions{
+			Rules: []option.Rule{
+				{
+					Type: C.RuleTypeDefault,
+					DefaultOptions: option.DefaultRule{
+						RawDefaultRule: option.RawDefaultRule{
+							Inbound: []string{"mixed-in"},
+						},
+						RuleAction: option.RuleAction{
+							Action: C.RuleActionTypeRoute,
+							RouteOptions: option.RouteActionOptions{
+								Outbound: "naive-out",
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	naiveOut, ok := instance.Outbound().Outbound("naive-out")
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	naiveOutbound := naiveOut.(*naive.Outbound)
+
+	netLogPath := "/tmp/naive_concurrency_netlog.json"
+	require.True(t, naiveOutbound.StartNetLogToFile(netLogPath, true))
+	defer naiveOutbound.StopNetLog()
+
+	// Send multiple sequential connections to trigger round-robin
+	// With insecure_concurrency=3, connections will be distributed to 3 pools
+	for i := 0; i < 6; i++ {
+		testTCP(t, clientPort, testPort)
+	}
+
+	naiveOutbound.StopNetLog()
+
+	// Verify NetLog contains multiple independent HTTP/2 sessions
+	logContent, err := os.ReadFile(netLogPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	logStr := string(logContent)
+
+	// Count HTTP2_SESSION_INITIALIZED events to verify connection pool isolation
+	// NetLog stores event types as numeric IDs, HTTP2_SESSION_INITIALIZED = 249
+	sessionCount := strings.Count(logStr, `"type":249`)
+	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, sessionCount, 3,
+		"Expected at least 3 HTTP/2 sessions with insecure_concurrency=3. NetLog: %s", netLogPath)
+}