release: Refactor release tracks for Linux packages and Docker

Support 4 release tracks instead of 2:
- sing-box / latest (stable release)
- sing-box-beta / latest-beta (stable pre-release)
- sing-box-testing / latest-testing (testing branch)
- sing-box-oldstable / latest-oldstable (oldstable branch)

Track is detected via git branch --contains and git tag,
replacing the old version-string hyphen check.

.fpm_openwrt

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+-s dir
+--name sing-box
+--category net
+--license GPL-3.0-or-later
+--description "The universal proxy platform."
+--url "https://sing-box.sagernet.org/"
+--maintainer "nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
+--no-deb-generate-changes
+
+--config-files /etc/config/sing-box
+--config-files /etc/sing-box/config.json
+
+--depends ca-bundle
+--depends kmod-inet-diag
+--depends kmod-tun
+--depends firewall4
+
+--before-remove release/config/openwrt.prerm
+
+release/config/config.json=/etc/sing-box/config.json
+
+release/config/openwrt.conf=/etc/config/sing-box
+release/config/openwrt.init=/etc/init.d/sing-box
+release/config/openwrt.keep=/lib/upgrade/keep.d/sing-box
+
+release/completions/sing-box.bash=/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
+release/completions/sing-box.fish=/usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
+release/completions/sing-box.zsh=/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
+
+LICENSE=/usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE

.fpm_pacman

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+-s dir
+--name sing-box
+--category net
+--license GPL-3.0-or-later
+--description "The universal proxy platform."
+--url "https://sing-box.sagernet.org/"
+--maintainer "nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
+--config-files etc/sing-box/config.json
+--after-install release/config/sing-box.postinst
+
+release/config/config.json=/etc/sing-box/config.json
+
+release/config/sing-box.service=/usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box.service
+release/config/sing-box@.service=/usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box@.service
+release/config/sing-box.sysusers=/usr/lib/sysusers.d/sing-box.conf
+release/config/sing-box.rules=usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/sing-box.rules
+release/config/sing-box-split-dns.xml=/usr/share/dbus-1/system.d/sing-box-split-dns.conf
+
+release/completions/sing-box.bash=/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
+release/completions/sing-box.fish=/usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
+release/completions/sing-box.zsh=/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
+
+LICENSE=/usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE

.fpm_systemd

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-s dir
+--name sing-box
+--category net
+--license GPL-3.0-or-later
+--description "The universal proxy platform."
+--url "https://sing-box.sagernet.org/"
+--maintainer "nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
+--deb-field "Bug: https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/issues"
+--no-deb-generate-changes
+--config-files /etc/sing-box/config.json
+--after-install release/config/sing-box.postinst
+
+release/config/config.json=/etc/sing-box/config.json
+
+release/config/sing-box.service=/usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box.service
+release/config/sing-box@.service=/usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box@.service
+release/config/sing-box.sysusers=/usr/lib/sysusers.d/sing-box.conf
+release/config/sing-box.rules=usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/sing-box.rules
+release/config/sing-box-split-dns.xml=/usr/share/dbus-1/system.d/sing-box-split-dns.conf
+
+release/completions/sing-box.bash=/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
+release/completions/sing-box.fish=/usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
+release/completions/sing-box.zsh=/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
+
+LICENSE=/usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE

.github/deb2ipk.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# mod from https://gist.github.com/pldubouilh/c5703052986bfdd404005951dee54683
+
+set -e -o pipefail
+
+PROJECT=$(dirname "$0")/../..
+TMP_PATH=`mktemp -d`
+cp $2 $TMP_PATH
+pushd $TMP_PATH
+
+DEB_NAME=`ls *.deb`
+ar x $DEB_NAME
+
+mkdir control
+pushd control
+tar xf ../control.tar.gz
+rm md5sums
+sed "s/Architecture:\\ \w*/Architecture:\\ $1/g" ./control -i
+cat control
+tar czf ../control.tar.gz ./*
+popd
+
+DEB_NAME=${DEB_NAME%.deb}
+tar czf $DEB_NAME.ipk control.tar.gz data.tar.gz debian-binary
+popd
+
+cp $TMP_PATH/$DEB_NAME.ipk $3
+rm -r $TMP_PATH

.github/detect_track.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+branches=$(git branch -r --contains HEAD)
+if echo "$branches" | grep -q 'origin/stable'; then
+  track=stable
+elif echo "$branches" | grep -q 'origin/testing'; then
+  track=testing
+elif echo "$branches" | grep -q 'origin/oldstable'; then
+  track=oldstable
+else
+  echo "ERROR: HEAD is not on any known release branch (stable/testing/oldstable)" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [[ "$track" == "stable" ]]; then
+  tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null || true)
+  if [[ -n "$tag" && "$tag" == *"-"* ]]; then
+    track=beta
+  fi
+fi
+
+case "$track" in
+  stable)    name=sing-box;           docker_tag=latest ;;
+  beta)      name=sing-box-beta;      docker_tag=latest-beta ;;
+  testing)   name=sing-box-testing;   docker_tag=latest-testing ;;
+  oldstable) name=sing-box-oldstable; docker_tag=latest-oldstable ;;
+esac
+
+echo "track=${track} name=${name} docker_tag=${docker_tag}" >&2
+echo "TRACK=${track}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+echo "NAME=${name}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+echo "DOCKER_TAG=${docker_tag}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"

.github/setup_go_for_windows7.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+VERSION="1.25.8"
+PATCH_COMMITS=(
+  "466f6c7a29bc098b0d4c987b803c779222894a11"
+  "1bdabae205052afe1dadb2ad6f1ba612cdbc532a"
+  "a90777dcf692dd2168577853ba743b4338721b06"
+  "f6bddda4e8ff58a957462a1a09562924d5f3d05c"
+  "bed309eff415bcb3c77dd4bc3277b682b89a388d"
+  "34b899c2fb39b092db4fa67c4417e41dc046be4b"
+)
+CURL_ARGS=(
+  -fL
+  --silent
+  --show-error
+)
+
+if [[ -n "${GITHUB_TOKEN:-}" ]]; then
+  CURL_ARGS+=(-H "Authorization: Bearer ${GITHUB_TOKEN}")
+fi
+
+mkdir -p "$HOME/go"
+cd "$HOME/go"
+wget "https://dl.google.com/go/go${VERSION}.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+tar -xzf "go${VERSION}.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+mv go go_win7
+cd go_win7
+
+# modify from https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/4636#issuecomment-1896455557
+# these patch URLs only work on golang1.25.x
+# that means after golang1.26 release it must be changed
+# see: https://github.com/MetaCubeX/go/commits/release-branch.go1.25/
+# revert:
+# 693def151adff1af707d82d28f55dba81ceb08e1: "crypto/rand,runtime: switch RtlGenRandom for ProcessPrng"
+# 7c1157f9544922e96945196b47b95664b1e39108: "net: remove sysSocket fallback for Windows 7"
+# 48042aa09c2f878c4faa576948b07fe625c4707a: "syscall: remove Windows 7 console handle workaround"
+# a17d959debdb04cd550016a3501dd09d50cd62e7: "runtime: always use LoadLibraryEx to load system libraries"
+# fixes:
+# bed309eff415bcb3c77dd4bc3277b682b89a388d: "Fix os.RemoveAll not working on Windows7"
+# 34b899c2fb39b092db4fa67c4417e41dc046be4b: "Revert \"os: remove 5ms sleep on Windows in (*Process).Wait\""
+
+for patch_commit in "${PATCH_COMMITS[@]}"; do
+  curl "${CURL_ARGS[@]}" "https://github.com/MetaCubeX/go/commit/${patch_commit}.diff" | patch --verbose -p 1
+done

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ on:
           - publish-android
   push:
     branches:
-      - main-next
-      - dev-next
+      - oldstable
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.event_name }}-${{ inputs.build }}
@@ -40,22 +39,22 @@ jobs:
       version: ${{ steps.outputs.outputs.version }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Setup Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: ^1.23
+          go-version: ~1.25.8
       - name: Check input version
         if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
-          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}" 
+          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}"
           echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
       - name: Calculate version
         if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
-          go run -v ./cmd/internal/read_tag --nightly
+          go run -v ./cmd/internal/read_tag --ci --nightly
       - name: Set outputs
         id: outputs
         run: |-
@@ -69,162 +68,243 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         include:
-          - name: linux_386
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: 386
-          - name: linux_amd64
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: amd64
-          - name: linux_arm64
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: arm64
-          - name: linux_arm
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: arm
-            goarm: 6
-          - name: linux_arm_v7
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: arm
-            goarm: 7
-          - name: linux_s390x
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: s390x
-          - name: linux_riscv64
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: riscv64
-          - name: linux_mips64le
-            goos: linux
-            goarch: mips64le
-          - name: windows_amd64
-            goos: windows
-            goarch: amd64
-            require_legacy_go: true
-          - name: windows_386
-            goos: windows
-            goarch: 386
-            require_legacy_go: true
-          - name: windows_arm64
-            goos: windows
-            goarch: arm64
-          - name: darwin_arm64
-            goos: darwin
-            goarch: arm64
-          - name: darwin_amd64
-            goos: darwin
-            goarch: amd64
-            require_legacy_go: true
-          - name: android_arm64
-            goos: android
-            goarch: arm64
-          - name: android_arm
-            goos: android
-            goarch: arm
-            goarm: 7
-          - name: android_amd64
-            goos: android
-            goarch: amd64
-          - name: android_386
-            goos: android
-            goarch: 386
+          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64, openwrt: "x86_64" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: "386", go386: sse2, debian: i386, rpm: i386, openwrt: "i386_pentium4" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: "386", go386: softfloat, openwrt: "i386_pentium-mmx" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64, openwrt: "aarch64_cortex-a53 aarch64_cortex-a72 aarch64_cortex-a76 aarch64_generic" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "5", openwrt: "arm_arm926ej-s arm_cortex-a7 arm_cortex-a9 arm_fa526 arm_xscale" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "6", debian: armel, rpm: armv6hl, openwrt: "arm_arm1176jzf-s_vfp" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "7", debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl, openwrt: "arm_cortex-a5_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_neon-vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a8_vfpv3 arm_cortex-a9_neon arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3-d16 arm_cortex-a15_neon-vfpv4" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mips, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mips_24kc mips_4kec mips_mips32" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, gomips: hardfloat, debian: mipsel, rpm: mipsel, openwrt: "mipsel_24kc_24kf" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mipsel_24kc mipsel_74kc mipsel_mips32" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mips64, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mips64_mips64r2 mips64_octeonplus" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mips64le, gomips: hardfloat, debian: mips64el, rpm: mips64el }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mips64le, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mips64el_mips64r2" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: s390x, debian: s390x, rpm: s390x }
+          - { os: linux, arch: ppc64le, debian: ppc64el, rpm: ppc64le }
+          - { os: linux, arch: riscv64, debian: riscv64, rpm: riscv64, openwrt: "riscv64_generic" }
+          - { os: linux, arch: loong64, debian: loongarch64, rpm: loongarch64, openwrt: "loongarch64_generic" }
+
+          - { os: windows, arch: amd64 }
+          - { os: windows, arch: amd64, legacy_win7: true, legacy_name: "windows-7" }
+          - { os: windows, arch: "386" }
+          - { os: windows, arch: "386", legacy_win7: true, legacy_name: "windows-7" }
+          - { os: windows, arch: arm64 }
+
+          - { os: darwin, arch: amd64 }
+          - { os: darwin, arch: arm64 }
+          - { os: darwin, arch: amd64, legacy_go124: true, legacy_name: "macos-11" }
+
+          - { os: android, arch: arm64, ndk: "aarch64-linux-android21" }
+          - { os: android, arch: arm, ndk: "armv7a-linux-androideabi21" }
+          - { os: android, arch: amd64, ndk: "x86_64-linux-android21" }
+          - { os: android, arch: "386", ndk: "i686-linux-android21" }
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Setup Go
+        if: ${{ ! (matrix.legacy_win7 || matrix.legacy_go124) }}
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: ^1.23
-      - name: Cache legacy Go
-        if: matrix.require_legacy_go
-        id: cache-legacy-go
+          go-version: ~1.25.8
+      - name: Setup Go 1.24
+        if: matrix.legacy_go124
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: ~1.24.10
+      - name: Cache Go for Windows 7
+        if: matrix.legacy_win7
+        id: cache-go-for-windows7
         uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: |
-            ~/go/go1.20.14
-          key: go120
-      - name: Setup legacy Go
-        if: matrix.require_legacy_go == 'true' && steps.cache-legacy-go.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+            ~/go/go_win7
+          key: go_win7_1255
+      - name: Setup Go for Windows 7
+        if: matrix.legacy_win7 && steps.cache-go-for-windows7.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: |-
-          wget https://dl.google.com/go/go1.20.14.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-          tar -xzf go1.20.14.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-          mv go $HOME/go/go1.20.14
+          .github/setup_go_for_windows7.sh
+      - name: Setup Go for Windows 7
+        if: matrix.legacy_win7
+        run: |-
+          echo "PATH=$HOME/go/go_win7/bin:$PATH" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "GOROOT=$HOME/go/go_win7" >> $GITHUB_ENV
       - name: Setup Android NDK
-        if: matrix.goos == 'android'
+        if: matrix.os == 'android'
         uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
         with:
-          ndk-version: r28-beta2
+          ndk-version: r28
           local-cache: true
-      - name: Setup Goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
-        with:
-          distribution: goreleaser-pro
-          version: latest
-          install-only: true
-      - name: Extract signing key
-        run: |-
-          mkdir -p $HOME/.gnupg
-          cat > $HOME/.gnupg/sagernet.key <<EOF
-          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
-          EOF
-          echo "HOME=$HOME" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
       - name: Set tag
         run: |-
           git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
+      - name: Set build tags
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale'
+          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
       - name: Build
-        if: matrix.goos != 'android'
-        run: |-
-          goreleaser release --clean --split
+        if: matrix.os != 'android'
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          mkdir -p dist
+          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}' \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
         env:
-          GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
-          GOPATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/go
+          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
+          GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
           GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+          GOMIPS: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
+          GOMIPS64: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
-          NFPM_KEY_PATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/.gnupg/sagernet.key
-          NFPM_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
       - name: Build Android
-        if: matrix.goos == 'android'
-        run: |-
+        if: matrix.os == 'android'
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
           go install -v ./cmd/internal/build
-          GOOS=$BUILD_GOOS GOARCH=$BUILD_GOARCH build goreleaser release --clean --split
+          export CC='${{ matrix.ndk }}-clang'
+          export CXX="${CC}++"
+          mkdir -p dist
+          GOOS=$BUILD_GOOS GOARCH=$BUILD_GOARCH build go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}' \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
         env:
-          BUILD_GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}
-          BUILD_GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
+          BUILD_GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
+          BUILD_GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
-          NFPM_KEY_PATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/.gnupg/sagernet.key
-          NFPM_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+      - name: Set name
+        run: |-
+          DIR_NAME="sing-box-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}"
+          if [[ -n "${{ matrix.goarm }}" ]]; then
+            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}v${{ matrix.goarm }}"
+          elif [[ -n "${{ matrix.go386 }}" && "${{ matrix.go386 }}" != 'sse2' ]]; then
+            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-${{ matrix.go386 }}"
+          elif [[ -n "${{ matrix.gomips }}" && "${{ matrix.gomips }}" != 'hardfloat' ]]; then
+            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-${{ matrix.gomips }}"
+          elif [[ -n "${{ matrix.legacy_name }}" ]]; then
+            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-legacy-${{ matrix.legacy_name }}"
+          fi
+          echo "DIR_NAME=${DIR_NAME}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          PKG_VERSION="${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}"
+          PKG_VERSION="${PKG_VERSION//-/\~}"
+          echo "PKG_VERSION=${PKG_VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+      - name: Package DEB
+        if: matrix.debian != ''
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          sudo gem install fpm
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y debsigs
+          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
+          fpm -t deb \
+            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
+            -p "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.debian }}.deb" \
+            --architecture ${{ matrix.debian }} \
+            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
+          curl -Lo '/tmp/debsigs.diff' 'https://gitlab.com/debsigs/debsigs/-/commit/160138f5de1ec110376d3c807b60a37388bc7c90.diff'
+          sudo patch /usr/bin/debsigs < '/tmp/debsigs.diff'
+          rm -rf $HOME/.gnupg
+          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
+          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
+          EOF
+          debsigs --sign=origin -k ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }} --gpgopts '--pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}"' dist/*.deb
+      - name: Package RPM
+        if: matrix.rpm != ''
+        run: |-
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          sudo gem install fpm
+          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
+          fpm -t rpm \
+            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
+            -p "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.rpm }}.rpm" \
+            --architecture ${{ matrix.rpm }} \
+            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
+          cat > $HOME/.rpmmacros <<EOF
+          %_gpg_name ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }}
+          %_gpg_sign_cmd_extra_args --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          EOF
+          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
+          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
+          EOF
+          rpmsign --addsign dist/*.rpm
+      - name: Package Pacman
+        if: matrix.pacman != ''
+        run: |-
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          sudo gem install fpm
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y libarchive-tools
+          cp .fpm_pacman .fpm
+          fpm -t pacman \
+            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
+            -p "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.pacman }}.pkg.tar.zst" \
+            --architecture ${{ matrix.pacman }} \
+            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
+      - name: Package OpenWrt
+        if: matrix.openwrt != ''
+        run: |-
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          sudo gem install fpm
+          cp .fpm_openwrt .fpm
+          fpm -t deb \
+            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
+            -p "dist/openwrt.deb" \
+            --architecture all \
+            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
+          for architecture in ${{ matrix.openwrt }}; do
+            .github/deb2ipk.sh "$architecture" "dist/openwrt.deb" "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_openwrt_${architecture}.ipk"
+          done
+          rm "dist/openwrt.deb"
+      - name: Archive
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          cd dist
+          mkdir -p "${DIR_NAME}"
+          cp ../LICENSE "${DIR_NAME}"
+          if [ '${{ matrix.os }}' = 'windows' ]; then
+            cp sing-box "${DIR_NAME}/sing-box.exe"
+            zip -r "${DIR_NAME}.zip" "${DIR_NAME}"
+          else
+            cp sing-box "${DIR_NAME}"
+            tar -czvf "${DIR_NAME}.tar.gz" "${DIR_NAME}"
+          fi
+          rm -r "${DIR_NAME}"
+      - name: Cleanup
+        run: rm dist/sing-box
       - name: Upload artifact
-        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: binary-${{ matrix.name }}
-          path: 'dist'
+          name: binary-${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.goarm && format('v{0}', matrix.goarm) }}${{ matrix.go386 && format('_{0}', matrix.go386) }}${{ matrix.gomips && format('_{0}', matrix.gomips) }}${{ matrix.legacy_name && format('-legacy-{0}', matrix.legacy_name) }}
+          path: "dist"
   build_android:
     name: Build Android
-    if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Android'
+    if: (github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Android') && github.ref != 'refs/heads/oldstable'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs:
       - calculate_version
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           submodules: 'recursive'
       - name: Setup Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: ^1.23
+          go-version: ~1.25.8
       - name: Setup Android NDK
         id: setup-ndk
         uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
         with:
-          ndk-version: r28-beta2
+          ndk-version: r28
       - name: Setup OpenJDK
         run: |-
           sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y openjdk-17-jdk-headless
@@ -242,12 +322,12 @@ jobs:
           JAVA_HOME: /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
           ANDROID_NDK_HOME: ${{ steps.setup-ndk.outputs.ndk-path }}
       - name: Checkout main branch
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main-next' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/stable' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
           cd clients/android
           git checkout main
       - name: Checkout dev branch
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev-next'
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/testing'
         run: |-
           cd clients/android
           git checkout dev
@@ -256,9 +336,16 @@ jobs:
         with:
           path: ~/.gradle
           key: gradle-${{ hashFiles('**/*.gradle') }}
-      - name: Build
+      - name: Update version
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
           go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_android_version --ci
+      - name: Update nightly version
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: |-
+          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_android_version --ci --nightly
+      - name: Build
+        run: |-
           mkdir clients/android/app/libs
           cp libbox.aar clients/android/app/libs
           cd clients/android
@@ -268,38 +355,36 @@ jobs:
           ANDROID_NDK_HOME: ${{ steps.setup-ndk.outputs.ndk-path }}
           LOCAL_PROPERTIES: ${{ secrets.LOCAL_PROPERTIES }}
       - name: Prepare upload
-        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
-          mkdir -p dist/release
-          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/play/release/*.apk dist/release
-          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/other/release/*-universal.apk dist/release
+          mkdir -p dist
+          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/play/release/*.apk dist
+          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/other/release/*-universal.apk dist
       - name: Upload artifact
-        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: binary-android-apks
           path: 'dist'
   publish_android:
     name: Publish Android
-    if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.build == 'publish-android'
+    if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.build == 'publish-android' && github.ref != 'refs/heads/oldstable'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs:
       - calculate_version
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           submodules: 'recursive'
       - name: Setup Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: ^1.23
+          go-version: ~1.25.8
       - name: Setup Android NDK
         id: setup-ndk
         uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
         with:
-          ndk-version: r28-beta2
+          ndk-version: r28
       - name: Setup OpenJDK
         run: |-
           sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y openjdk-17-jdk-headless
@@ -317,12 +402,12 @@ jobs:
           JAVA_HOME: /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
           ANDROID_NDK_HOME: ${{ steps.setup-ndk.outputs.ndk-path }}
       - name: Checkout main branch
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main-next' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/stable' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
           cd clients/android
           git checkout main
       - name: Checkout dev branch
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev-next'
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/testing'
         run: |-
           cd clients/android
           git checkout dev
@@ -346,7 +431,8 @@ jobs:
           SERVICE_ACCOUNT_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.SERVICE_ACCOUNT_CREDENTIALS }}
   build_apple:
     name: Build Apple clients
-    runs-on: macos-15
+    runs-on: macos-26
+    if: false
     needs:
       - calculate_version
     strategy:
@@ -384,7 +470,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         if: matrix.if
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           submodules: 'recursive'
@@ -392,15 +478,7 @@ jobs:
         if: matrix.if
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: ^1.23
-      - name: Setup Xcode stable
-        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main-next'
-        run: |-
-          sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.2.app
-      - name: Setup Xcode beta
-        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev-next'
-        run: |-
-          sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.2.app
+          go-version: ~1.25.8
       - name: Set tag
         if: matrix.if
         run: |-
@@ -408,12 +486,12 @@ jobs:
           git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
           echo "VERSION=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
       - name: Checkout main branch
-        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main-next' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/stable' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
           cd clients/apple
           git checkout main
       - name: Checkout dev branch
-        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev-next'
+        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/testing'
         run: |-
           cd clients/apple
           git checkout dev
@@ -432,19 +510,19 @@ jobs:
 
           PROFILES_ZIP_PATH=$RUNNER_TEMP/Profiles.zip
           echo -n "$PROVISIONING_PROFILES" | base64 --decode -o $PROFILES_ZIP_PATH
-          
+
           PROFILES_PATH="$HOME/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles"
           mkdir -p "$PROFILES_PATH"
           unzip $PROFILES_ZIP_PATH -d "$PROFILES_PATH"
-          
+
           ASC_KEY_PATH=$RUNNER_TEMP/Key.p12
           echo -n "$ASC_KEY" | base64 --decode -o $ASC_KEY_PATH
-          
+
           xcrun notarytool store-credentials "notarytool-password" \
             --key $ASC_KEY_PATH \
             --key-id $ASC_KEY_ID \
             --issuer $ASC_KEY_ISSUER_ID
-          
+
           echo "ASC_KEY_PATH=$ASC_KEY_PATH" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           echo "ASC_KEY_ID=$ASC_KEY_ID" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           echo "ASC_KEY_ISSUER_ID=$ASC_KEY_ISSUER_ID" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
@@ -469,10 +547,13 @@ jobs:
           MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION=$(go run -v ./cmd/internal/app_store_connect next_macos_project_version)
           echo "MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION=$MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION"
           echo "MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION=$MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: Update version
+        if: matrix.if && matrix.name != 'iOS'
+        run: |-
+          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_apple_version --ci
       - name: Build
         if: matrix.if
         run: |-
-          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_apple_version --ci
           cd clients/apple
           xcodebuild archive \
             -scheme "${{ matrix.scheme }}" \
@@ -496,7 +577,7 @@ jobs:
             -authenticationKeyID $ASC_KEY_ID \
             -authenticationKeyIssuerID $ASC_KEY_ISSUER_ID
       - name: Publish to TestFlight
-        if: matrix.if && matrix.name != 'macOS-standalone' && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.ref =='refs/heads/dev-next'
+        if: matrix.if && matrix.name != 'macOS-standalone' && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.ref =='refs/heads/testing'
         run: |-
           go run -v ./cmd/internal/app_store_connect publish_testflight ${{ matrix.platform }}
       - name: Build image
@@ -520,10 +601,10 @@ jobs:
           cd "${{ matrix.archive }}"
           zip -r SFM.dSYMs.zip dSYMs
           popd
-          
-          mkdir -p dist/release
-          cp clients/apple/SFM.dmg "dist/release/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dmg"
-          cp "clients/apple/${{ matrix.archive }}/SFM.dSYMs.zip" "dist/release/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dSYMs.zip"
+
+          mkdir -p dist
+          cp clients/apple/SFM.dmg "dist/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dmg"
+          cp "clients/apple/${{ matrix.archive }}/SFM.dSYMs.zip" "dist/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dSYMs.zip"
       - name: Upload image
         if: matrix.if && matrix.name == 'macOS-standalone' && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
@@ -532,7 +613,7 @@ jobs:
           path: 'dist'
   upload:
     name: Upload builds
-    if: always() && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && (inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary' || inputs.build == 'Android' || inputs.build == 'Apple' || inputs.build == 'macOS-standalone')
+    if: "!failure() && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && (inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary' || inputs.build == 'Android' || inputs.build == 'Apple' || inputs.build == 'macOS-standalone')"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs:
       - calculate_version
@@ -541,15 +622,9 @@ jobs:
       - build_apple
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Setup Goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
-        with:
-          distribution: goreleaser-pro
-          version: latest
-          install-only: true
       - name: Cache ghr
         uses: actions/cache@v4
         id: cache-ghr
@@ -570,30 +645,21 @@ jobs:
           git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
           echo "VERSION=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
       - name: Download builds
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
         with:
           path: dist
           merge-multiple: true
-      - name: Merge builds
-        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary'
-        run: |-
-          goreleaser continue --merge --skip publish
-          mkdir -p dist/release
-          mv dist/*/sing-box*{tar.gz,zip,deb,rpm,_amd64.pkg.tar.zst,_arm64.pkg.tar.zst} dist/release
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
       - name: Upload builds
         if: ${{ env.PUBLISHED == 'false' }}
         run: |-
           export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/go/bin"
-          ghr --replace --draft --prerelease -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist/release
+          ghr --replace --draft --prerelease -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
       - name: Replace builds
         if: ${{ env.PUBLISHED != 'false' }}
         run: |-
           export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/go/bin"
-          ghr --replace -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist/release
+          ghr --replace -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/docker.yml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "ref=$ref"
           echo "ref=$ref" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
           fetch-depth: 0
@@ -99,15 +99,15 @@ jobs:
           fi
           echo "ref=$ref"
           echo "ref=$ref" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          if [[ $ref == *"-"* ]]; then
-            latest=latest-beta
-          else
-            latest=latest
-          fi
-          echo "latest=$latest"
-          echo "latest=$latest" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Detect track
+        run: bash .github/detect_track.sh
       - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
         with:
           path: /tmp/digests
           pattern: digests-*
@@ -124,10 +124,10 @@ jobs:
         working-directory: /tmp/digests
         run: |
           docker buildx imagetools create \
-            -t "${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.latest }}" \
+            -t "${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ env.DOCKER_TAG }}" \
             -t "${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}" \
             $(printf '${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}@sha256:%s ' *)
       - name: Inspect image
         run: |
-          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.latest }}
+          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ env.DOCKER_TAG }}
           docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -3,18 +3,20 @@ name: Lint
 on:
   push:
     branches:
-      - stable-next
-      - main-next
-      - dev-next
+      - oldstable
+      - stable
+      - testing
+      - unstable
     paths-ignore:
       - '**.md'
       - '.github/**'
       - '!.github/workflows/lint.yml'
   pull_request:
     branches:
-      - stable-next
-      - main-next
-      - dev-next
+      - oldstable
+      - stable
+      - testing
+      - unstable
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -22,16 +24,17 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Setup Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: ^1.23
+          go-version: ~1.24.10
       - name: golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v8
         with:
           version: latest
           args: --timeout=30m
-          install-mode: binary
+          install-mode: binary
+          verify: false

.github/workflows/linux.yml

@@ -1,38 +1,178 @@
-name: Release to Linux repository
+name: Build Linux Packages
 
 on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: "Version name"
+        required: true
+        type: string
   release:
     types:
       - published
 
 jobs:
-  build:
+  calculate_version:
+    name: Calculate version
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.outputs.outputs.version }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Setup Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: ^1.23
-      - name: Extract signing key
+          go-version: ~1.25.8
+      - name: Check input version
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |-
-          mkdir -p $HOME/.gnupg
-          cat > $HOME/.gnupg/sagernet.key <<EOF
+          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}"
+          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: Calculate version
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: |-
+          go run -v ./cmd/internal/read_tag --ci --nightly
+      - name: Set outputs
+        id: outputs
+        run: |-
+          echo "version=$version" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+  build:
+    name: Build binary
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - calculate_version
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64 }
+          - { os: linux, arch: "386", debian: i386, rpm: i386 }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "6", debian: armel, rpm: armv6hl }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "7", debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl }
+          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64 }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mips64le, debian: mips64el, rpm: mips64el }
+          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, debian: mipsel, rpm: mipsel }
+          - { os: linux, arch: s390x, debian: s390x, rpm: s390x }
+          - { os: linux, arch: ppc64le, debian: ppc64el, rpm: ppc64le }
+          - { os: linux, arch: riscv64, debian: riscv64, rpm: riscv64 }
+          - { os: linux, arch: loong64, debian: loongarch64, rpm: loongarch64 }
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: ~1.25.8
+      - name: Setup Android NDK
+        if: matrix.os == 'android'
+        uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
+        with:
+          ndk-version: r28
+          local-cache: true
+      - name: Set tag
+        run: |-
+          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
+      - name: Set build tags
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale'
+          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          mkdir -p dist
+          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
+          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}' \
+          ./cmd/sing-box
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
+          GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Set mtime
+        run: |-
+          TZ=UTC touch -t '197001010000' dist/sing-box
+      - name: Detect track
+        run: bash .github/detect_track.sh
+      - name: Set version
+        run: |-
+          PKG_VERSION="${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}"
+          PKG_VERSION="${PKG_VERSION//-/\~}"
+          echo "PKG_VERSION=${PKG_VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+      - name: Package DEB
+        if: matrix.debian != ''
+        run: |
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          sudo gem install fpm
+          sudo apt-get install -y debsigs
+          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
+          fpm -t deb \
+            --name "${NAME}" \
+            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
+            -p "dist/${NAME}_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_linux_${{ matrix.debian }}.deb" \
+            --architecture ${{ matrix.debian }} \
+            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
+          curl -Lo '/tmp/debsigs.diff' 'https://gitlab.com/debsigs/debsigs/-/commit/160138f5de1ec110376d3c807b60a37388bc7c90.diff'
+          sudo patch /usr/bin/debsigs < '/tmp/debsigs.diff'
+          rm -rf $HOME/.gnupg
+          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
           ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
           EOF
-          echo "HOME=$HOME" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-      - name: Publish release
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
+          debsigs --sign=origin -k ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }} --gpgopts '--pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}"' dist/*.deb
+      - name: Package RPM
+        if: matrix.rpm != ''
+        run: |-
+          set -xeuo pipefail
+          sudo gem install fpm
+          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
+          fpm -t rpm \
+            --name "${NAME}" \
+            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
+            -p "dist/${NAME}_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_linux_${{ matrix.rpm }}.rpm" \
+            --architecture ${{ matrix.rpm }} \
+            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
+          cat > $HOME/.rpmmacros <<EOF
+          %_gpg_name ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }}
+          %_gpg_sign_cmd_extra_args --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          EOF
+          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
+          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
+          EOF
+          rpmsign --addsign dist/*.rpm
+      - name: Cleanup
+        run: rm dist/sing-box
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
-          distribution: goreleaser-pro
-          version: latest
-          args: release -f .goreleaser.fury.yaml --clean
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
-          FURY_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}
-          NFPM_KEY_PATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/.gnupg/sagernet.key
-          NFPM_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          name: binary-${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.goarm && format('v{0}', matrix.goarm) }}${{ matrix.legacy_go && '-legacy' || '' }}
+          path: "dist"
+  upload:
+    name: Upload builds
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - calculate_version
+      - build
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Set tag
+        run: |-
+          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
+          echo "VERSION=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: Download builds
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
+        with:
+          path: dist
+          merge-multiple: true
+      - name: Publish packages
+        run: |-
+          ls dist | xargs -I {} curl -F "package=@dist/{}" https://${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}@push.fury.io/sagernet/

.gitignore

@@ -15,4 +15,6 @@
 .DS_Store
 /config.d/
 /venv/
-
+CLAUDE.md
+AGENTS.md
+/.claude/

.golangci.yml

@@ -1,38 +1,59 @@
-linters:
-  disable-all: true
-  enable:
-    - gofumpt
-    - govet
-    - gci
-    - staticcheck
-    - paralleltest
-    - ineffassign
-
-linters-settings:
-  gci:
-    custom-order: true
-    sections:
-      - standard
-      - prefix(github.com/sagernet/)
-      - default
-  staticcheck:
-    checks:
-      - all
-      - -SA1003
-
+version: "2"
 run:
-  go: "1.23"
+  go: "1.24"
   build-tags:
     - with_gvisor
     - with_quic
     - with_dhcp
     - with_wireguard
-    - with_ech
     - with_utls
-    - with_reality_server
     - with_acme
     - with_clash_api
-
-issues:
-  exclude-dirs:
-    - transport/simple-obfs
+linters:
+  default: none
+  enable:
+    - govet
+    - ineffassign
+    - paralleltest
+    - staticcheck
+  settings:
+    staticcheck:
+      checks:
+        - all
+        - -S1000
+        - -S1008
+        - -S1017
+        - -ST1003
+        - -QF1001
+        - -QF1003
+        - -QF1008
+  exclusions:
+    generated: lax
+    presets:
+      - comments
+      - common-false-positives
+      - legacy
+      - std-error-handling
+    paths:
+      - transport/simple-obfs
+      - third_party$
+      - builtin$
+      - examples$
+formatters:
+  enable:
+    - gci
+    - gofumpt
+  settings:
+    gci:
+      sections:
+        - standard
+        - prefix(github.com/sagernet/)
+        - default
+      custom-order: true
+  exclusions:
+    generated: lax
+    paths:
+      - transport/simple-obfs
+      - third_party$
+      - builtin$
+      - examples$

.goreleaser.fury.yaml

@@ -6,17 +6,18 @@ builds:
       - -v
       - -trimpath
     ldflags:
-      - -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version={{ .Version }} -s -w -buildid=
+      - -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version={{ .Version }}
+      - -s
+      - -buildid=
     tags:
       - with_gvisor
       - with_quic
       - with_dhcp
       - with_wireguard
-      - with_ech
       - with_utls
-      - with_reality_server
       - with_acme
       - with_clash_api
+      - with_tailscale
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=0
     targets:
@@ -48,12 +49,18 @@ nfpms:
     contents:
       - src: release/config/config.json
         dst: /etc/sing-box/config.json
-        type: config
+        type: "config|noreplace"
 
       - src: release/config/sing-box.service
         dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box.service
       - src: release/config/sing-box@.service
         dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box@.service
+      - src: release/config/sing-box.sysusers
+        dst: /usr/lib/sysusers.d/sing-box.conf
+      - src: release/config/sing-box.rules
+        dst: /usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/sing-box.rules
+      - src: release/config/sing-box-split-dns.xml
+        dst: /usr/share/dbus-1/system.d/sing-box-split-dns.conf
 
       - src: release/completions/sing-box.bash
         dst: /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ builds:
       - with_quic
       - with_dhcp
       - with_wireguard
-      - with_ech
       - with_utls
-      - with_reality_server
       - with_acme
       - with_clash_api
+      - with_tailscale
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=0
+      - GOTOOLCHAIN=local
     targets:
       - linux_386
       - linux_amd64_v1
@@ -46,21 +46,21 @@ builds:
       - with_dhcp
       - with_wireguard
       - with_utls
-      - with_reality_server
       - with_acme
       - with_clash_api
+      - with_tailscale
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=0
-      - GOROOT={{ .Env.GOPATH }}/go1.20.14
-    gobinary: "{{ .Env.GOPATH }}/go1.20.14/bin/go"
+      - GOROOT={{ .Env.GOPATH }}/go_legacy
+    tool: "{{ .Env.GOPATH }}/go_legacy/bin/go"
     targets:
       - windows_amd64_v1
       - windows_386
-      - darwin_amd64_v1
   - id: android
     <<: *template
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=1
+      - GOTOOLCHAIN=local
     overrides:
       - goos: android
         goarch: arm
@@ -95,10 +95,12 @@ archives:
     builds:
       - main
       - android
-    format: tar.gz
+    formats:
+      - tar.gz
     format_overrides:
       - goos: windows
-        format: zip
+        formats:
+          - zip
     wrap_in_directory: true
     files:
       - LICENSE
@@ -128,12 +130,18 @@ nfpms:
     contents:
       - src: release/config/config.json
         dst: /etc/sing-box/config.json
-        type: config
+        type: "config|noreplace"
 
       - src: release/config/sing-box.service
         dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box.service
       - src: release/config/sing-box@.service
         dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box@.service
+      - src: release/config/sing-box.sysusers
+        dst: /usr/lib/sysusers.d/sing-box.conf
+      - src: release/config/sing-box.rules
+        dst: /usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/sing-box.rules
+      - src: release/config/sing-box-split-dns.xml
+        dst: /usr/share/dbus-1/system.d/sing-box-split-dns.conf
 
       - src: release/completions/sing-box.bash
         dst: /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash

Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:1.23-alpine AS builder
+FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:1.25-alpine AS builder
 LABEL maintainer="nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
 COPY . /go/src/github.com/sagernet/sing-box
 WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/sagernet/sing-box
@@ -13,15 +13,13 @@ RUN set -ex \
     && export COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) \
     && export VERSION=$(go run ./cmd/internal/read_tag) \
     && go build -v -trimpath -tags \
-        "with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_ech,with_utls,with_reality_server,with_acme,with_clash_api" \
+        "with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale" \
         -o /go/bin/sing-box \
         -ldflags "-X \"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=$VERSION\" -s -w -buildid=" \
         ./cmd/sing-box
 FROM --platform=$TARGETPLATFORM alpine AS dist
 LABEL maintainer="nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
 RUN set -ex \
-    && apk upgrade \
-    && apk add bash tzdata ca-certificates nftables \
-    && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
+    && apk add --no-cache --upgrade bash tzdata ca-certificates nftables
 COPY --from=builder /go/bin/sing-box /usr/local/bin/sing-box
 ENTRYPOINT ["sing-box"]

Makefile

@@ -1,34 +1,33 @@
 NAME = sing-box
 COMMIT = $(shell git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-TAGS_GO120 = with_gvisor,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_reality_server,with_clash_api,with_quic,with_utls
-TAGS_GO121 = with_ech
-TAGS ?= $(TAGS_GO118),$(TAGS_GO120),$(TAGS_GO121)
-TAGS_TEST ?= with_gvisor,with_quic,with_wireguard,with_grpc,with_ech,with_utls,with_reality_server
+TAGS ?= with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale
 
 GOHOSTOS = $(shell go env GOHOSTOS)
 GOHOSTARCH = $(shell go env GOHOSTARCH)
-VERSION=$(shell CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$(GOHOSTOS) GOARCH=$(GOHOSTARCH) go run ./cmd/internal/read_tag)
+VERSION=$(shell CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$(GOHOSTOS) GOARCH=$(GOHOSTARCH) go run github.com/sagernet/sing-box/cmd/internal/read_tag@latest)
 
 PARAMS = -v -trimpath -ldflags "-X 'github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=$(VERSION)' -s -w -buildid="
-MAIN_PARAMS = $(PARAMS) -tags $(TAGS)
+MAIN_PARAMS = $(PARAMS) -tags "$(TAGS)"
 MAIN = ./cmd/sing-box
 PREFIX ?= $(shell go env GOPATH)
 
 .PHONY: test release docs build
 
 build:
+	export GOTOOLCHAIN=local && \
 	go build $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)
 
-ci_build_go120:
-	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
-	go build $(PARAMS) -tags "$(TAGS_GO120)" $(MAIN)
+race:
+	export GOTOOLCHAIN=local && \
+	go build -race $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)
 
 ci_build:
-	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
+	export GOTOOLCHAIN=local && \
+	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN) && \
 	go build $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)
 
 generate_completions:
-	go run -v --tags $(TAGS),generate,generate_completions $(MAIN)
+	go run -v --tags "$(TAGS),generate,generate_completions" $(MAIN)
 
 install:
 	go build -o $(PREFIX)/bin/$(NAME) $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)
@@ -50,7 +49,7 @@ lint:
 	GOOS=freebsd golangci-lint run ./...
 
 lint_install:
-	go install -v github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@latest
+	go install -v github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@latest
 
 proto:
 	@go run ./cmd/internal/protogen
@@ -61,6 +60,9 @@ proto_install:
 	go install -v google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@latest
 	go install -v google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@latest
 
+update_certificates:
+	go run ./cmd/internal/update_certificates
+
 release:
 	go run ./cmd/internal/build goreleaser release --clean --skip publish
 	mkdir dist/release
@@ -110,6 +112,16 @@ upload_ios_app_store:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
 	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath build/SFI.xcarchive -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates
 
+export_ios_ipa:
+	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
+	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath build/SFI.xcarchive -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Export.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates -exportPath build/SFI && \
+	cp build/SFI/sing-box.ipa dist/SFI.ipa
+
+upload_ios_ipa:
+	cd dist && \
+	cp SFI.ipa "SFI-${VERSION}.ipa" && \
+	ghr --replace --draft --prerelease "v${VERSION}" "SFI-${VERSION}.ipa"
+
 release_ios: build_ios upload_ios_app_store
 
 build_macos:
@@ -177,6 +189,16 @@ upload_tvos_app_store:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
 	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath "build/SFT.xcarchive" -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates
 
+export_tvos_ipa:
+	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
+	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath "build/SFT.xcarchive" -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Export.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates -exportPath build/SFT && \
+	cp build/SFT/sing-box.ipa dist/SFT.ipa
+
+upload_tvos_ipa:
+	cd dist && \
+	cp SFT.ipa "SFT-${VERSION}.ipa" && \
+	ghr --replace --draft --prerelease "v${VERSION}" "SFT-${VERSION}.ipa"
+
 release_tvos: build_tvos upload_tvos_app_store
 
 update_apple_version:
@@ -227,8 +249,8 @@ lib:
 	go run ./cmd/internal/build_libbox -target ios
 
 lib_install:
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.4
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.4
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.8
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.8
 
 docs:
 	venv/bin/mkdocs serve
@@ -247,4 +269,4 @@ clean:
 update:
 	git fetch
 	git reset FETCH_HEAD --hard
-	git clean -fdx
+	git clean -fdx

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
+> Sponsored by [Warp](https://go.warp.dev/sing-box), built for coding with multiple AI agents
+
+<a href="https://go.warp.dev/sing-box">
+<img alt="Warp sponsorship" width="400" src="https://github.com/warpdotdev/brand-assets/raw/refs/heads/main/Github/Sponsor/Warp-Github-LG-02.png">
+</a>
+
+---
+
 # sing-box
 
 The universal proxy platform.

adapter/certificate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package adapter
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/x509"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
+)
+
+type CertificateStore interface {
+	LifecycleService
+	Pool() *x509.CertPool
+}
+
+func RootPoolFromContext(ctx context.Context) *x509.CertPool {
+	store := service.FromContext[CertificateStore](ctx)
+	if store == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return store.Pool()
+}

adapter/dns.go

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package adapter
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/netip"
+
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
+
+	"github.com/miekg/dns"
+)
+
+type DNSRouter interface {
+	Lifecycle
+	Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *dns.Msg, options DNSQueryOptions) (*dns.Msg, error)
+	Lookup(ctx context.Context, domain string, options DNSQueryOptions) ([]netip.Addr, error)
+	ClearCache()
+	LookupReverseMapping(ip netip.Addr) (string, bool)
+	ResetNetwork()
+}
+
+type DNSClient interface {
+	Start()
+	Exchange(ctx context.Context, transport DNSTransport, message *dns.Msg, options DNSQueryOptions, responseChecker func(responseAddrs []netip.Addr) bool) (*dns.Msg, error)
+	Lookup(ctx context.Context, transport DNSTransport, domain string, options DNSQueryOptions, responseChecker func(responseAddrs []netip.Addr) bool) ([]netip.Addr, error)
+	ClearCache()
+}
+
+type DNSQueryOptions struct {
+	Transport      DNSTransport
+	Strategy       C.DomainStrategy
+	LookupStrategy C.DomainStrategy
+	DisableCache   bool
+	RewriteTTL     *uint32
+	ClientSubnet   netip.Prefix
+}
+
+func DNSQueryOptionsFrom(ctx context.Context, options *option.DomainResolveOptions) (*DNSQueryOptions, error) {
+	if options == nil {
+		return &DNSQueryOptions{}, nil
+	}
+	transportManager := service.FromContext[DNSTransportManager](ctx)
+	transport, loaded := transportManager.Transport(options.Server)
+	if !loaded {
+		return nil, E.New("domain resolver not found: " + options.Server)
+	}
+	return &DNSQueryOptions{
+		Transport:    transport,
+		Strategy:     C.DomainStrategy(options.Strategy),
+		DisableCache: options.DisableCache,
+		RewriteTTL:   options.RewriteTTL,
+		ClientSubnet: options.ClientSubnet.Build(netip.Prefix{}),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type RDRCStore interface {
+	LoadRDRC(transportName string, qName string, qType uint16) (rejected bool)
+	SaveRDRC(transportName string, qName string, qType uint16) error
+	SaveRDRCAsync(transportName string, qName string, qType uint16, logger logger.Logger)
+}
+
+type DNSTransport interface {
+	Lifecycle
+	Type() string
+	Tag() string
+	Dependencies() []string
+	Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *dns.Msg) (*dns.Msg, error)
+}
+
+type LegacyDNSTransport interface {
+	LegacyStrategy() C.DomainStrategy
+	LegacyClientSubnet() netip.Prefix
+}
+
+type DNSTransportRegistry interface {
+	option.DNSTransportOptionsRegistry
+	CreateDNSTransport(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, transportType string, options any) (DNSTransport, error)
+}
+
+type DNSTransportManager interface {
+	Lifecycle
+	Transports() []DNSTransport
+	Transport(tag string) (DNSTransport, bool)
+	Default() DNSTransport
+	FakeIP() FakeIPTransport
+	Remove(tag string) error
+	Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, outboundType string, options any) error
+}

adapter/experimental.go

@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/urltest"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )
 
@@ -16,7 +14,20 @@ type ClashServer interface {
 	ConnectionTracker
 	Mode() string
 	ModeList() []string
-	HistoryStorage() *urltest.HistoryStorage
+	HistoryStorage() URLTestHistoryStorage
+}
+
+type URLTestHistory struct {
+	Time  time.Time `json:"time"`
+	Delay uint16    `json:"delay"`
+}
+
+type URLTestHistoryStorage interface {
+	SetHook(hook chan<- struct{})
+	LoadURLTestHistory(tag string) *URLTestHistory
+	DeleteURLTestHistory(tag string)
+	StoreURLTestHistory(tag string, history *URLTestHistory)
+	Close() error
 }
 
 type V2RayServer interface {
@@ -31,7 +42,7 @@ type CacheFile interface {
 	FakeIPStorage
 
 	StoreRDRC() bool
-	dns.RDRCStore
+	RDRCStore
 
 	LoadMode() string
 	StoreMode(mode string) error
@@ -39,17 +50,17 @@ type CacheFile interface {
 	StoreSelected(group string, selected string) error
 	LoadGroupExpand(group string) (isExpand bool, loaded bool)
 	StoreGroupExpand(group string, expand bool) error
-	LoadRuleSet(tag string) *SavedRuleSet
-	SaveRuleSet(tag string, set *SavedRuleSet) error
+	LoadRuleSet(tag string) *SavedBinary
+	SaveRuleSet(tag string, set *SavedBinary) error
 }
 
-type SavedRuleSet struct {
+type SavedBinary struct {
 	Content     []byte
 	LastUpdated time.Time
 	LastEtag    string
 }
 
-func (s *SavedRuleSet) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
+func (s *SavedBinary) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
 	var buffer bytes.Buffer
 	err := binary.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, uint8(1))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -70,7 +81,7 @@ func (s *SavedRuleSet) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
 	return buffer.Bytes(), nil
 }
 
-func (s *SavedRuleSet) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error {
+func (s *SavedBinary) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error {
 	reader := bytes.NewReader(data)
 	var version uint8
 	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &version)

adapter/fakeip.go

@@ -3,12 +3,11 @@ package adapter
 import (
 	"net/netip"
 
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 )
 
 type FakeIPStore interface {
-	Service
+	SimpleLifecycle
 	Contains(address netip.Addr) bool
 	Create(domain string, isIPv6 bool) (netip.Addr, error)
 	Lookup(address netip.Addr) (string, bool)
@@ -27,6 +26,6 @@ type FakeIPStorage interface {
 }
 
 type FakeIPTransport interface {
-	dns.Transport
+	DNSTransport
 	Store() FakeIPStore
 }

adapter/inbound.go

@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ type InboundContext struct {
 	Domain       string
 	Client       string
 	SniffContext any
+	SnifferNames []string
+	SniffError   error
 
 	// cache
 
@@ -71,14 +73,15 @@ type InboundContext struct {
 	UDPDisableDomainUnmapping bool
 	UDPConnect                bool
 	UDPTimeout                time.Duration
+	TLSFragment               bool
+	TLSFragmentFallbackDelay  time.Duration
+	TLSRecordFragment         bool
 
 	NetworkStrategy     *C.NetworkStrategy
 	NetworkType         []C.InterfaceType
 	FallbackNetworkType []C.InterfaceType
 	FallbackDelay       time.Duration
 
-	DNSServer string
-
 	DestinationAddresses []netip.Addr
 	SourceGeoIPCode      string
 	GeoIPCode            string
@@ -133,8 +136,7 @@ func ExtendContext(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, *InboundContext) {
 
 func OverrideContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
 	if metadata := ContextFrom(ctx); metadata != nil {
-		var newMetadata InboundContext
-		newMetadata = *metadata
+		newMetadata := *metadata
 		return WithContext(ctx, &newMetadata)
 	}
 	return ctx

adapter/inbound/manager.go

@@ -37,13 +37,14 @@ func NewManager(logger log.ContextLogger, registry adapter.InboundRegistry, endp
 
 func (m *Manager) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
 	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	if m.started && m.stage >= stage {
 		panic("already started")
 	}
 	m.started = true
 	m.stage = stage
-	for _, inbound := range m.inbounds {
+	inbounds := m.inbounds
+	m.access.Unlock()
+	for _, inbound := range inbounds {
 		err := adapter.LegacyStart(inbound, stage)
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, stage, " inbound/", inbound.Type(), "[", inbound.Tag(), "]")

adapter/lifecycle.go

@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@ package adapter
 
 import E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 
+type SimpleLifecycle interface {
+	Start() error
+	Close() error
+}
+
 type StartStage uint8
 
 const (

adapter/lifecycle_legacy.go

@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ func LegacyStart(starter any, stage StartStage) error {
 }
 
 type lifecycleServiceWrapper struct {
-	Service
+	SimpleLifecycle
 	name string
 }
 
-func NewLifecycleService(service Service, name string) LifecycleService {
+func NewLifecycleService(service SimpleLifecycle, name string) LifecycleService {
 	return &lifecycleServiceWrapper{
-		Service: service,
-		name:    name,
+		SimpleLifecycle: service,
+		name:            name,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ func (l *lifecycleServiceWrapper) Name() string {
 }
 
 func (l *lifecycleServiceWrapper) Start(stage StartStage) error {
-	return LegacyStart(l.Service, stage)
+	return LegacyStart(l.SimpleLifecycle, stage)
 }
 
 func (l *lifecycleServiceWrapper) Close() error {
-	return l.Service.Close()
+	return l.SimpleLifecycle.Close()
 }

adapter/network.go

@@ -20,20 +20,24 @@ type NetworkManager interface {
 	DefaultOptions() NetworkOptions
 	RegisterAutoRedirectOutputMark(mark uint32) error
 	AutoRedirectOutputMark() uint32
+	AutoRedirectOutputMarkFunc() control.Func
 	NetworkMonitor() tun.NetworkUpdateMonitor
 	InterfaceMonitor() tun.DefaultInterfaceMonitor
 	PackageManager() tun.PackageManager
 	WIFIState() WIFIState
 	ResetNetwork()
+	UpdateWIFIState()
 }
 
 type NetworkOptions struct {
-	NetworkStrategy     *C.NetworkStrategy
-	NetworkType         []C.InterfaceType
-	FallbackNetworkType []C.InterfaceType
-	FallbackDelay       time.Duration
-	BindInterface       string
-	RoutingMark         uint32
+	BindInterface        string
+	RoutingMark          uint32
+	DomainResolver       string
+	DomainResolveOptions DNSQueryOptions
+	NetworkStrategy      *C.NetworkStrategy
+	NetworkType          []C.InterfaceType
+	FallbackNetworkType  []C.InterfaceType
+	FallbackDelay        time.Duration
 }
 
 type InterfaceUpdateListener interface {

adapter/outbound/manager.go

@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ type Manager struct {
 	registry                adapter.OutboundRegistry
 	endpoint                adapter.EndpointManager
 	defaultTag              string
-	access                  sync.Mutex
+	access                  sync.RWMutex
 	started                 bool
 	stage                   adapter.StartStage
 	outbounds               []adapter.Outbound
 	outboundByTag           map[string]adapter.Outbound
 	dependByTag             map[string][]string
 	defaultOutbound         adapter.Outbound
-	defaultOutboundFallback adapter.Outbound
+	defaultOutboundFallback func() (adapter.Outbound, error)
 }
 
 func NewManager(logger logger.ContextLogger, registry adapter.OutboundRegistry, endpoint adapter.EndpointManager, defaultTag string) *Manager {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func NewManager(logger logger.ContextLogger, registry adapter.OutboundRegistry,
 	}
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) Initialize(defaultOutboundFallback adapter.Outbound) {
+func (m *Manager) Initialize(defaultOutboundFallback func() (adapter.Outbound, error)) {
 	m.defaultOutboundFallback = defaultOutboundFallback
 }
 
@@ -55,18 +55,31 @@ func (m *Manager) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
 	}
 	m.started = true
 	m.stage = stage
-	outbounds := m.outbounds
-	m.access.Unlock()
 	if stage == adapter.StartStateStart {
 		if m.defaultTag != "" && m.defaultOutbound == nil {
 			defaultEndpoint, loaded := m.endpoint.Get(m.defaultTag)
 			if !loaded {
+				m.access.Unlock()
 				return E.New("default outbound not found: ", m.defaultTag)
 			}
 			m.defaultOutbound = defaultEndpoint
 		}
+		if m.defaultOutbound == nil {
+			directOutbound, err := m.defaultOutboundFallback()
+			if err != nil {
+				m.access.Unlock()
+				return E.Cause(err, "create direct outbound for fallback")
+			}
+			m.outbounds = append(m.outbounds, directOutbound)
+			m.outboundByTag[directOutbound.Tag()] = directOutbound
+			m.defaultOutbound = directOutbound
+		}
+		outbounds := m.outbounds
+		m.access.Unlock()
 		return m.startOutbounds(append(outbounds, common.Map(m.endpoint.Endpoints(), func(it adapter.Endpoint) adapter.Outbound { return it })...))
 	} else {
+		outbounds := m.outbounds
+		m.access.Unlock()
 		for _, outbound := range outbounds {
 			err := adapter.LegacyStart(outbound, stage)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -169,15 +182,15 @@ func (m *Manager) Close() error {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) Outbounds() []adapter.Outbound {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	m.access.RLock()
+	defer m.access.RUnlock()
 	return m.outbounds
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) Outbound(tag string) (adapter.Outbound, bool) {
-	m.access.Lock()
+	m.access.RLock()
 	outbound, found := m.outboundByTag[tag]
-	m.access.Unlock()
+	m.access.RUnlock()
 	if found {
 		return outbound, true
 	}
@@ -185,20 +198,16 @@ func (m *Manager) Outbound(tag string) (adapter.Outbound, bool) {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) Default() adapter.Outbound {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
-	if m.defaultOutbound != nil {
-		return m.defaultOutbound
-	} else {
-		return m.defaultOutboundFallback
-	}
+	m.access.RLock()
+	defer m.access.RUnlock()
+	return m.defaultOutbound
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) Remove(tag string) error {
 	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	outbound, found := m.outboundByTag[tag]
 	if !found {
-		m.access.Unlock()
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
 	delete(m.outboundByTag, tag)
@@ -232,7 +241,6 @@ func (m *Manager) Remove(tag string) error {
 			})
 		}
 	}
-	m.access.Unlock()
 	if started {
 		return common.Close(outbound)
 	}
@@ -247,8 +255,6 @@ func (m *Manager) Create(ctx context.Context, router adapter.Router, logger log.
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	if m.started {
 		for _, stage := range adapter.ListStartStages {
 			err = adapter.LegacyStart(outbound, stage)
@@ -257,6 +263,8 @@ func (m *Manager) Create(ctx context.Context, router adapter.Router, logger log.
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	if existsOutbound, loaded := m.outboundByTag[tag]; loaded {
 		if m.started {
 			err = common.Close(existsOutbound)

adapter/router.go

@@ -2,44 +2,29 @@ package adapter
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
-	"net/netip"
 	"sync"
 
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/geoip"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/ntp"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"
 
-	mdns "github.com/miekg/dns"
 	"go4.org/netipx"
 )
 
 type Router interface {
 	Lifecycle
-
-	FakeIPStore() FakeIPStore
-
 	ConnectionRouter
 	PreMatch(metadata InboundContext) error
 	ConnectionRouterEx
-
-	GeoIPReader() *geoip.Reader
-	LoadGeosite(code string) (Rule, error)
 	RuleSet(tag string) (RuleSet, bool)
 	NeedWIFIState() bool
-
-	Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *mdns.Msg) (*mdns.Msg, error)
-	Lookup(ctx context.Context, domain string, strategy dns.DomainStrategy) ([]netip.Addr, error)
-	LookupDefault(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]netip.Addr, error)
-	ClearDNSCache()
 	Rules() []Rule
-
-	SetTracker(tracker ConnectionTracker)
-
+	AppendTracker(tracker ConnectionTracker)
 	ResetNetwork()
 }
 
@@ -83,12 +68,14 @@ type RuleSetMetadata struct {
 	ContainsIPCIDRRule  bool
 }
 type HTTPStartContext struct {
+	ctx             context.Context
 	access          sync.Mutex
 	httpClientCache map[string]*http.Client
 }
 
-func NewHTTPStartContext() *HTTPStartContext {
+func NewHTTPStartContext(ctx context.Context) *HTTPStartContext {
 	return &HTTPStartContext{
+		ctx:             ctx,
 		httpClientCache: make(map[string]*http.Client),
 	}
 }
@@ -106,6 +93,10 @@ func (c *HTTPStartContext) HTTPClient(detour string, dialer N.Dialer) *http.Clie
 			DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
 				return dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, M.ParseSocksaddr(addr))
 			},
+			TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
+				Time:    ntp.TimeFuncFromContext(c.ctx),
+				RootCAs: RootPoolFromContext(c.ctx),
+			},
 		},
 	}
 	c.httpClientCache[detour] = httpClient

adapter/rule.go

@@ -11,9 +11,8 @@ type HeadlessRule interface {
 
 type Rule interface {
 	HeadlessRule
-	Service
+	SimpleLifecycle
 	Type() string
-	UpdateGeosite() error
 	Action() RuleAction
 }
 

adapter/service.go

@@ -1,6 +1,27 @@
 package adapter
 
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+)
+
 type Service interface {
-	Start() error
-	Close() error
+	Lifecycle
+	Type() string
+	Tag() string
+}
+
+type ServiceRegistry interface {
+	option.ServiceOptionsRegistry
+	Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, serviceType string, options any) (Service, error)
+}
+
+type ServiceManager interface {
+	Lifecycle
+	Services() []Service
+	Get(tag string) (Service, bool)
+	Remove(tag string) error
+	Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, serviceType string, options any) error
 }

adapter/service/adapter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package service
+
+type Adapter struct {
+	serviceType string
+	serviceTag  string
+}
+
+func NewAdapter(serviceType string, serviceTag string) Adapter {
+	return Adapter{
+		serviceType: serviceType,
+		serviceTag:  serviceTag,
+	}
+}
+
+func (a *Adapter) Type() string {
+	return a.serviceType
+}
+
+func (a *Adapter) Tag() string {
+	return a.serviceTag
+}

adapter/service/manager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/taskmonitor"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+)
+
+var _ adapter.ServiceManager = (*Manager)(nil)
+
+type Manager struct {
+	logger       log.ContextLogger
+	registry     adapter.ServiceRegistry
+	access       sync.Mutex
+	started      bool
+	stage        adapter.StartStage
+	services     []adapter.Service
+	serviceByTag map[string]adapter.Service
+}
+
+func NewManager(logger log.ContextLogger, registry adapter.ServiceRegistry) *Manager {
+	return &Manager{
+		logger:       logger,
+		registry:     registry,
+		serviceByTag: make(map[string]adapter.Service),
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	if m.started && m.stage >= stage {
+		panic("already started")
+	}
+	m.started = true
+	m.stage = stage
+	services := m.services
+	m.access.Unlock()
+	for _, service := range services {
+		err := adapter.LegacyStart(service, stage)
+		if err != nil {
+			return E.Cause(err, stage, " service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) Close() error {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	if !m.started {
+		return nil
+	}
+	m.started = false
+	services := m.services
+	m.services = nil
+	monitor := taskmonitor.New(m.logger, C.StopTimeout)
+	var err error
+	for _, service := range services {
+		monitor.Start("close service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
+		err = E.Append(err, service.Close(), func(err error) error {
+			return E.Cause(err, "close service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
+		})
+		monitor.Finish()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) Services() []adapter.Service {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	return m.services
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) Get(tag string) (adapter.Service, bool) {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	service, found := m.serviceByTag[tag]
+	m.access.Unlock()
+	return service, found
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) Remove(tag string) error {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	service, found := m.serviceByTag[tag]
+	if !found {
+		m.access.Unlock()
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	delete(m.serviceByTag, tag)
+	index := common.Index(m.services, func(it adapter.Service) bool {
+		return it == service
+	})
+	if index == -1 {
+		panic("invalid service index")
+	}
+	m.services = append(m.services[:index], m.services[index+1:]...)
+	started := m.started
+	m.access.Unlock()
+	if started {
+		return service.Close()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, serviceType string, options any) error {
+	service, err := m.registry.Create(ctx, logger, tag, serviceType, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	if m.started {
+		for _, stage := range adapter.ListStartStages {
+			err = adapter.LegacyStart(service, stage)
+			if err != nil {
+				return E.Cause(err, stage, " service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if existsService, loaded := m.serviceByTag[tag]; loaded {
+		if m.started {
+			err = existsService.Close()
+			if err != nil {
+				return E.Cause(err, "close service/", existsService.Type(), "[", existsService.Tag(), "]")
+			}
+		}
+		existsIndex := common.Index(m.services, func(it adapter.Service) bool {
+			return it == existsService
+		})
+		if existsIndex == -1 {
+			panic("invalid service index")
+		}
+		m.services = append(m.services[:existsIndex], m.services[existsIndex+1:]...)
+	}
+	m.services = append(m.services, service)
+	m.serviceByTag[tag] = service
+	return nil
+}

adapter/service/registry.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+)
+
+type ConstructorFunc[T any] func(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, options T) (adapter.Service, error)
+
+func Register[Options any](registry *Registry, outboundType string, constructor ConstructorFunc[Options]) {
+	registry.register(outboundType, func() any {
+		return new(Options)
+	}, func(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, rawOptions any) (adapter.Service, error) {
+		var options *Options
+		if rawOptions != nil {
+			options = rawOptions.(*Options)
+		}
+		return constructor(ctx, logger, tag, common.PtrValueOrDefault(options))
+	})
+}
+
+var _ adapter.ServiceRegistry = (*Registry)(nil)
+
+type (
+	optionsConstructorFunc func() any
+	constructorFunc        func(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, options any) (adapter.Service, error)
+)
+
+type Registry struct {
+	access      sync.Mutex
+	optionsType map[string]optionsConstructorFunc
+	constructor map[string]constructorFunc
+}
+
+func NewRegistry() *Registry {
+	return &Registry{
+		optionsType: make(map[string]optionsConstructorFunc),
+		constructor: make(map[string]constructorFunc),
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *Registry) CreateOptions(outboundType string) (any, bool) {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	optionsConstructor, loaded := m.optionsType[outboundType]
+	if !loaded {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return optionsConstructor(), true
+}
+
+func (m *Registry) Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, outboundType string, options any) (adapter.Service, error) {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	constructor, loaded := m.constructor[outboundType]
+	if !loaded {
+		return nil, E.New("outbound type not found: " + outboundType)
+	}
+	return constructor(ctx, logger, tag, options)
+}
+
+func (m *Registry) register(outboundType string, optionsConstructor optionsConstructorFunc, constructor constructorFunc) {
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	m.optionsType[outboundType] = optionsConstructor
+	m.constructor[outboundType] = constructor
+}

adapter/ssm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package adapter
+
+import (
+	"net"
+
+	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+)
+
+type ManagedSSMServer interface {
+	Inbound
+	SetTracker(tracker SSMTracker)
+	UpdateUsers(users []string, uPSKs []string) error
+}
+
+type SSMTracker interface {
+	TrackConnection(conn net.Conn, metadata InboundContext) net.Conn
+	TrackPacketConnection(conn N.PacketConn, metadata InboundContext) N.PacketConn
+}

adapter/time.go

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ package adapter
 import "time"
 
 type TimeService interface {
-	Service
+	SimpleLifecycle
 	TimeFunc() func() time.Time
 }

adapter/upstream.go

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func NewUpstreamContextHandlerEx(
 }
 
 func (w *myUpstreamContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	myMetadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
+	_, myMetadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		myMetadata.Source = source
 	}
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (w *myUpstreamContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context,
 }
 
 func (w *myUpstreamContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewPacketConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn N.PacketConn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	myMetadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
+	_, myMetadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		myMetadata.Source = source
 	}
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ type routeContextHandlerWrapperEx struct {
 }
 
 func (r *routeContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	metadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
+	_, metadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		metadata.Source = source
 	}
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func (r *routeContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn
 }
 
 func (r *routeContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewPacketConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn N.PacketConn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	metadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
+	_, metadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		metadata.Source = source
 	}

adapter/upstream_legacy.go

@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ func (w *myUpstreamHandlerWrapper) NewError(ctx context.Context, err error) {
 // Deprecated: removed
 func UpstreamMetadata(metadata InboundContext) M.Metadata {
 	return M.Metadata{
-		Source:      metadata.Source,
-		Destination: metadata.Destination,
+		Source:      metadata.Source.Unwrap(),
+		Destination: metadata.Destination.Unwrap(),
 	}
 }
 

box.go

@@ -12,10 +12,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/endpoint"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/inbound"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/outbound"
+	boxService "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/service"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/certificate"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/dialer"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/taskmonitor"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/tls"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/dns"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/dns/transport/local"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/cachefile"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/libbox/platform"
@@ -31,20 +35,23 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service/pause"
 )
 
-var _ adapter.Service = (*Box)(nil)
+var _ adapter.SimpleLifecycle = (*Box)(nil)
 
 type Box struct {
-	createdAt  time.Time
-	logFactory log.Factory
-	logger     log.ContextLogger
-	network    *route.NetworkManager
-	endpoint   *endpoint.Manager
-	inbound    *inbound.Manager
-	outbound   *outbound.Manager
-	connection *route.ConnectionManager
-	router     *route.Router
-	services   []adapter.LifecycleService
-	done       chan struct{}
+	createdAt       time.Time
+	logFactory      log.Factory
+	logger          log.ContextLogger
+	network         *route.NetworkManager
+	endpoint        *endpoint.Manager
+	inbound         *inbound.Manager
+	outbound        *outbound.Manager
+	service         *boxService.Manager
+	dnsTransport    *dns.TransportManager
+	dnsRouter       *dns.Router
+	connection      *route.ConnectionManager
+	router          *route.Router
+	internalService []adapter.LifecycleService
+	done            chan struct{}
 }
 
 type Options struct {
@@ -58,6 +65,8 @@ func Context(
 	inboundRegistry adapter.InboundRegistry,
 	outboundRegistry adapter.OutboundRegistry,
 	endpointRegistry adapter.EndpointRegistry,
+	dnsTransportRegistry adapter.DNSTransportRegistry,
+	serviceRegistry adapter.ServiceRegistry,
 ) context.Context {
 	if service.FromContext[option.InboundOptionsRegistry](ctx) == nil ||
 		service.FromContext[adapter.InboundRegistry](ctx) == nil {
@@ -74,6 +83,14 @@ func Context(
 		ctx = service.ContextWith[option.EndpointOptionsRegistry](ctx, endpointRegistry)
 		ctx = service.ContextWith[adapter.EndpointRegistry](ctx, endpointRegistry)
 	}
+	if service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportRegistry](ctx) == nil {
+		ctx = service.ContextWith[option.DNSTransportOptionsRegistry](ctx, dnsTransportRegistry)
+		ctx = service.ContextWith[adapter.DNSTransportRegistry](ctx, dnsTransportRegistry)
+	}
+	if service.FromContext[adapter.ServiceRegistry](ctx) == nil {
+		ctx = service.ContextWith[option.ServiceOptionsRegistry](ctx, serviceRegistry)
+		ctx = service.ContextWith[adapter.ServiceRegistry](ctx, serviceRegistry)
+	}
 	return ctx
 }
 
@@ -88,6 +105,8 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 	endpointRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.EndpointRegistry](ctx)
 	inboundRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.InboundRegistry](ctx)
 	outboundRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundRegistry](ctx)
+	dnsTransportRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportRegistry](ctx)
+	serviceRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.ServiceRegistry](ctx)
 
 	if endpointRegistry == nil {
 		return nil, E.New("missing endpoint registry in context")
@@ -98,6 +117,12 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 	if outboundRegistry == nil {
 		return nil, E.New("missing outbound registry in context")
 	}
+	if dnsTransportRegistry == nil {
+		return nil, E.New("missing DNS transport registry in context")
+	}
+	if serviceRegistry == nil {
+		return nil, E.New("missing service registry in context")
+	}
 
 	ctx = pause.WithDefaultManager(ctx)
 	experimentalOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.Experimental)
@@ -131,14 +156,34 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		return nil, E.Cause(err, "create log factory")
 	}
 
+	var internalServices []adapter.LifecycleService
+	certificateOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.Certificate)
+	if C.IsAndroid || certificateOptions.Store != "" && certificateOptions.Store != C.CertificateStoreSystem ||
+		len(certificateOptions.Certificate) > 0 ||
+		len(certificateOptions.CertificatePath) > 0 ||
+		len(certificateOptions.CertificateDirectoryPath) > 0 {
+		certificateStore, err := certificate.NewStore(ctx, logFactory.NewLogger("certificate"), certificateOptions)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		service.MustRegister[adapter.CertificateStore](ctx, certificateStore)
+		internalServices = append(internalServices, certificateStore)
+	}
+
 	routeOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.Route)
+	dnsOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.DNS)
 	endpointManager := endpoint.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("endpoint"), endpointRegistry)
 	inboundManager := inbound.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("inbound"), inboundRegistry, endpointManager)
 	outboundManager := outbound.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("outbound"), outboundRegistry, endpointManager, routeOptions.Final)
+	dnsTransportManager := dns.NewTransportManager(logFactory.NewLogger("dns/transport"), dnsTransportRegistry, outboundManager, dnsOptions.Final)
+	serviceManager := boxService.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("service"), serviceRegistry)
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.EndpointManager](ctx, endpointManager)
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.InboundManager](ctx, inboundManager)
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.OutboundManager](ctx, outboundManager)
-
+	service.MustRegister[adapter.DNSTransportManager](ctx, dnsTransportManager)
+	service.MustRegister[adapter.ServiceManager](ctx, serviceManager)
+	dnsRouter := dns.NewRouter(ctx, logFactory, dnsOptions)
+	service.MustRegister[adapter.DNSRouter](ctx, dnsRouter)
 	networkManager, err := route.NewNetworkManager(ctx, logFactory.NewLogger("network"), routeOptions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize network manager")
@@ -146,18 +191,40 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.NetworkManager](ctx, networkManager)
 	connectionManager := route.NewConnectionManager(logFactory.NewLogger("connection"))
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.ConnectionManager](ctx, connectionManager)
-	router, err := route.NewRouter(ctx, logFactory, routeOptions, common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.DNS))
+	router := route.NewRouter(ctx, logFactory, routeOptions, dnsOptions)
+	service.MustRegister[adapter.Router](ctx, router)
+	err = router.Initialize(routeOptions.Rules, routeOptions.RuleSet)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize router")
 	}
-
 	ntpOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.NTP)
 	var timeService *tls.TimeServiceWrapper
 	if ntpOptions.Enabled {
 		timeService = new(tls.TimeServiceWrapper)
 		service.MustRegister[ntp.TimeService](ctx, timeService)
 	}
-
+	for i, transportOptions := range dnsOptions.Servers {
+		var tag string
+		if transportOptions.Tag != "" {
+			tag = transportOptions.Tag
+		} else {
+			tag = F.ToString(i)
+		}
+		err = dnsTransportManager.Create(
+			ctx,
+			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("dns/", transportOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
+			tag,
+			transportOptions.Type,
+			transportOptions.Options,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize DNS server[", i, "]")
+		}
+	}
+	err = dnsRouter.Initialize(dnsOptions.Rules)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize dns router")
+	}
 	for i, endpointOptions := range options.Endpoints {
 		var tag string
 		if endpointOptions.Tag != "" {
@@ -165,7 +232,15 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		} else {
 			tag = F.ToString(i)
 		}
-		err = endpointManager.Create(ctx,
+		endpointCtx := ctx
+		if tag != "" {
+			// TODO: remove this
+			endpointCtx = adapter.WithContext(endpointCtx, &adapter.InboundContext{
+				Outbound: tag,
+			})
+		}
+		err = endpointManager.Create(
+			endpointCtx,
 			router,
 			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("endpoint/", endpointOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
 			tag,
@@ -173,7 +248,7 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			endpointOptions.Options,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize inbound[", i, "]")
+			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize endpoint[", i, "]")
 		}
 	}
 	for i, inboundOptions := range options.Inbounds {
@@ -183,7 +258,8 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		} else {
 			tag = F.ToString(i)
 		}
-		err = inboundManager.Create(ctx,
+		err = inboundManager.Create(
+			ctx,
 			router,
 			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("inbound/", inboundOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
 			tag,
@@ -220,26 +296,50 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize outbound[", i, "]")
 		}
 	}
-	outboundManager.Initialize(common.Must1(
-		direct.NewOutbound(
+	for i, serviceOptions := range options.Services {
+		var tag string
+		if serviceOptions.Tag != "" {
+			tag = serviceOptions.Tag
+		} else {
+			tag = F.ToString(i)
+		}
+		err = serviceManager.Create(
+			ctx,
+			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("service/", serviceOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
+			tag,
+			serviceOptions.Type,
+			serviceOptions.Options,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize service[", i, "]")
+		}
+	}
+	outboundManager.Initialize(func() (adapter.Outbound, error) {
+		return direct.NewOutbound(
 			ctx,
 			router,
 			logFactory.NewLogger("outbound/direct"),
 			"direct",
 			option.DirectOutboundOptions{},
-		),
-	))
+		)
+	})
+	dnsTransportManager.Initialize(common.Must1(
+		local.NewTransport(
+			ctx,
+			logFactory.NewLogger("dns/local"),
+			"local",
+			option.LocalDNSServerOptions{},
+		)))
 	if platformInterface != nil {
 		err = platformInterface.Initialize(networkManager)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize platform interface")
 		}
 	}
-	var services []adapter.LifecycleService
 	if needCacheFile {
 		cacheFile := cachefile.New(ctx, common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.CacheFile))
 		service.MustRegister[adapter.CacheFile](ctx, cacheFile)
-		services = append(services, cacheFile)
+		internalServices = append(internalServices, cacheFile)
 	}
 	if needClashAPI {
 		clashAPIOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.ClashAPI)
@@ -248,9 +348,9 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "create clash-server")
 		}
-		router.SetTracker(clashServer)
+		router.AppendTracker(clashServer)
 		service.MustRegister[adapter.ClashServer](ctx, clashServer)
-		services = append(services, clashServer)
+		internalServices = append(internalServices, clashServer)
 	}
 	if needV2RayAPI {
 		v2rayServer, err := experimental.NewV2RayServer(logFactory.NewLogger("v2ray-api"), common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.V2RayAPI))
@@ -258,13 +358,13 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "create v2ray-server")
 		}
 		if v2rayServer.StatsService() != nil {
-			router.SetTracker(v2rayServer.StatsService())
-			services = append(services, v2rayServer)
+			router.AppendTracker(v2rayServer.StatsService())
+			internalServices = append(internalServices, v2rayServer)
 			service.MustRegister[adapter.V2RayServer](ctx, v2rayServer)
 		}
 	}
 	if ntpOptions.Enabled {
-		ntpDialer, err := dialer.New(ctx, ntpOptions.DialerOptions)
+		ntpDialer, err := dialer.New(ctx, ntpOptions.DialerOptions, ntpOptions.ServerIsDomain())
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "create NTP service")
 		}
@@ -277,20 +377,23 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			WriteToSystem: ntpOptions.WriteToSystem,
 		})
 		timeService.TimeService = ntpService
-		services = append(services, adapter.NewLifecycleService(ntpService, "ntp service"))
+		internalServices = append(internalServices, adapter.NewLifecycleService(ntpService, "ntp service"))
 	}
 	return &Box{
-		network:    networkManager,
-		endpoint:   endpointManager,
-		inbound:    inboundManager,
-		outbound:   outboundManager,
-		connection: connectionManager,
-		router:     router,
-		createdAt:  createdAt,
-		logFactory: logFactory,
-		logger:     logFactory.Logger(),
-		services:   services,
-		done:       make(chan struct{}),
+		network:         networkManager,
+		endpoint:        endpointManager,
+		inbound:         inboundManager,
+		outbound:        outboundManager,
+		dnsTransport:    dnsTransportManager,
+		service:         serviceManager,
+		dnsRouter:       dnsRouter,
+		connection:      connectionManager,
+		router:          router,
+		createdAt:       createdAt,
+		logFactory:      logFactory,
+		logger:          logFactory.Logger(),
+		internalService: internalServices,
+		done:            make(chan struct{}),
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -340,15 +443,15 @@ func (s *Box) preStart() error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return E.Cause(err, "start logger")
 	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.services) // cache-file clash-api v2ray-api
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.internalService) // cache-file clash-api v2ray-api
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.network, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.network, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.outbound, s.network, s.connection, s.router)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.outbound, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.network, s.connection, s.router)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -360,31 +463,27 @@ func (s *Box) start() error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStart, s.services)
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStart, s.internalService)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = s.inbound.Start(adapter.StartStateStart)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.endpoint)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.outbound, s.network, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.connection, s.router, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.outbound, s.network, s.connection, s.router, s.inbound, s.endpoint)
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.internalService)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.services)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.network, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.network, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.services)
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.internalService)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -399,9 +498,9 @@ func (s *Box) Close() error {
 		close(s.done)
 	}
 	err := common.Close(
-		s.inbound, s.outbound, s.endpoint, s.router, s.connection, s.network,
+		s.service, s.endpoint, s.inbound, s.outbound, s.router, s.connection, s.dnsRouter, s.dnsTransport, s.network,
 	)
-	for _, lifecycleService := range s.services {
+	for _, lifecycleService := range s.internalService {
 		err = E.Append(err, lifecycleService.Close(), func(err error) error {
 			return E.Cause(err, "close ", lifecycleService.Name())
 		})

cmd/internal/app_store_connect/main.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/asc-go/asc"
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	tag := tagVersion.VersionString()
-	client := createClient(10 * time.Minute)
+	client := createClient(20 * time.Minute)
 
 	log.Info(tag, " list build IDs")
 	buildIDsResponse, _, err := client.TestFlight.ListBuildIDsForBetaGroup(ctx, groupID, nil)
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 			asc.PlatformTVOS,
 		}
 	}
+	waitingForProcess := false
 	for _, platform := range platforms {
 		log.Info(string(platform), " list builds")
 		for {
@@ -144,12 +146,13 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 				return err
 			}
 			build := builds.Data[0]
-			if common.Contains(buildIDs, build.ID) || time.Since(build.Attributes.UploadedDate.Time) > 5*time.Minute {
+			if !waitingForProcess && (common.Contains(buildIDs, build.ID) || time.Since(build.Attributes.UploadedDate.Time) > 30*time.Minute) {
 				log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " waiting for process")
 				time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
 				continue
 			}
 			if *build.Attributes.ProcessingState != "VALID" {
+				waitingForProcess = true
 				log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " waiting for process: ", *build.Attributes.ProcessingState)
 				time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
 				continue
@@ -176,7 +179,7 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 			}
 			log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " publish")
 			response, err := client.TestFlight.AddBuildsToBetaGroup(ctx, groupID, []string{build.ID})
-			if response != nil && response.StatusCode == http.StatusUnprocessableEntity {
+			if response != nil && (response.StatusCode == http.StatusUnprocessableEntity || response.StatusCode == http.StatusNotFound) {
 				log.Info("waiting for process")
 				time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
 				continue
@@ -194,6 +197,10 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 				log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " create submission")
 				_, _, err = client.TestFlight.CreateBetaAppReviewSubmission(ctx, build.ID)
 				if err != nil {
+					if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "ANOTHER_BUILD_IN_REVIEW") {
+						log.Error(err)
+						break
+					}
 					return err
 				}
 			}

cmd/internal/build_libbox/main.go

@@ -16,15 +16,17 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	debugEnabled bool
-	target       string
-	platform     string
+	debugEnabled  bool
+	target        string
+	platform      string
+	withTailscale bool
 )
 
 func init() {
 	flag.BoolVar(&debugEnabled, "debug", false, "enable debug")
 	flag.StringVar(&target, "target", "android", "target platform")
 	flag.StringVar(&platform, "platform", "", "specify platform")
+	flag.BoolVar(&withTailscale, "with-tailscale", false, "build tailscale for iOS and tvOS")
 }
 
 func main() {
@@ -44,7 +46,9 @@ var (
 	sharedFlags []string
 	debugFlags  []string
 	sharedTags  []string
-	iosTags     []string
+	darwinTags  []string
+	memcTags    []string
+	notMemcTags []string
 	debugTags   []string
 )
 
@@ -58,8 +62,10 @@ func init() {
 	sharedFlags = append(sharedFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag+" -s -w -buildid=")
 	debugFlags = append(debugFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag)
 
-	sharedTags = append(sharedTags, "with_gvisor", "with_quic", "with_wireguard", "with_ech", "with_utls", "with_clash_api")
-	iosTags = append(iosTags, "with_dhcp", "with_low_memory", "with_conntrack")
+	sharedTags = append(sharedTags, "with_gvisor", "with_quic", "with_wireguard", "with_utls", "with_clash_api", "with_conntrack")
+	darwinTags = append(darwinTags, "with_dhcp")
+	memcTags = append(memcTags, "with_tailscale")
+	notMemcTags = append(notMemcTags, "with_low_memory")
 	debugTags = append(debugTags, "debug")
 }
 
@@ -99,18 +105,21 @@ func buildAndroid() {
 		"-javapkg=io.nekohasekai",
 		"-libname=box",
 	}
+
 	if !debugEnabled {
+		sharedFlags[3] = sharedFlags[3] + " -checklinkname=0"
 		args = append(args, sharedFlags...)
 	} else {
+		debugFlags[1] = debugFlags[1] + " -checklinkname=0"
 		args = append(args, debugFlags...)
 	}
 
-	args = append(args, "-tags")
-	if !debugEnabled {
-		args = append(args, strings.Join(sharedTags, ","))
-	} else {
-		args = append(args, strings.Join(append(sharedTags, debugTags...), ","))
+	tags := append(sharedTags, memcTags...)
+	if debugEnabled {
+		tags = append(tags, debugTags...)
 	}
+
+	args = append(args, "-tags", strings.Join(tags, ","))
 	args = append(args, "./experimental/libbox")
 
 	command := exec.Command(build_shared.GoBinPath+"/gomobile", args...)
@@ -148,20 +157,27 @@ func buildApple() {
 		"-v",
 		"-target", bindTarget,
 		"-libname=box",
+		"-tags-not-macos=with_low_memory",
 	}
+	if !withTailscale {
+		args = append(args, "-tags-macos="+strings.Join(memcTags, ","))
+	}
+
 	if !debugEnabled {
 		args = append(args, sharedFlags...)
 	} else {
 		args = append(args, debugFlags...)
 	}
 
-	tags := append(sharedTags, iosTags...)
-	args = append(args, "-tags")
-	if !debugEnabled {
-		args = append(args, strings.Join(tags, ","))
-	} else {
-		args = append(args, strings.Join(append(tags, debugTags...), ","))
+	tags := append(sharedTags, darwinTags...)
+	if withTailscale {
+		tags = append(tags, memcTags...)
 	}
+	if debugEnabled {
+		tags = append(tags, debugTags...)
+	}
+
+	args = append(args, "-tags", strings.Join(tags, ","))
 	args = append(args, "./experimental/libbox")
 
 	command := exec.Command(build_shared.GoBinPath+"/gomobile", args...)

cmd/internal/build_shared/sdk.go

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func FindSDK() {
 }
 
 func findNDK() bool {
-	const fixedVersion = "28.0.12674087"
+	const fixedVersion = "28.0.13004108"
 	const versionFile = "source.properties"
 	if fixedPath := filepath.Join(androidSDKPath, "ndk", fixedVersion); rw.IsFile(filepath.Join(fixedPath, versionFile)) {
 		androidNDKPath = fixedPath

cmd/internal/read_tag/main.go

@@ -5,40 +5,49 @@ import (
 	"os"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/cmd/internal/build_shared"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/badversion"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 )
 
-var nightly bool
+var (
+	flagRunInCI    bool
+	flagRunNightly bool
+)
 
 func init() {
-	flag.BoolVar(&nightly, "nightly", false, "Print nightly tag")
+	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunInCI, "ci", false, "Run in CI")
+	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunNightly, "nightly", false, "Run nightly")
 }
 
 func main() {
 	flag.Parse()
-	if nightly {
-		version, err := build_shared.ReadTagVersionRev()
+	var (
+		versionStr string
+		err        error
+	)
+	if flagRunNightly {
+		var version badversion.Version
+		version, err = build_shared.ReadTagVersion()
+		if err == nil {
+			versionStr = version.String()
+		}
+	} else {
+		versionStr, err = build_shared.ReadTag()
+	}
+	if flagRunInCI {
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		var versionStr string
-		if version.PreReleaseIdentifier != "" {
-			versionStr = version.VersionString() + "-nightly"
-		} else {
-			version.Patch++
-			versionStr = version.VersionString() + "-nightly"
-		}
 		err = setGitHubEnv("version", versionStr)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	} else {
-		tag, err := build_shared.ReadTag()
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error(err)
 			os.Stdout.WriteString("unknown\n")
 		} else {
-			os.Stdout.WriteString(tag + "\n")
+			os.Stdout.WriteString(versionStr + "\n")
 		}
 	}
 }

cmd/internal/tun_bench/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/include"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/shell"
+)
+
+var iperf3Path string
+
+func main() {
+	err := main0()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func main0() error {
+	err := shell.Exec("sudo", "ls").Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	results, err := runTests()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	encoder := json.NewEncoder(os.Stdout)
+	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	return encoder.Encode(results)
+}
+
+func runTests() ([]TestResult, error) {
+	boxPaths := []string{
+		os.ExpandEnv("$HOME/Downloads/sing-box-1.11.15-darwin-arm64/sing-box"),
+		//"/Users/sekai/Downloads/sing-box-1.11.15-linux-arm64/sing-box",
+		"./sing-box",
+	}
+	stacks := []string{
+		"gvisor",
+		"system",
+	}
+	mtus := []int{
+		1500,
+		4064,
+		// 16384,
+		// 32768,
+		// 49152,
+		65535,
+	}
+	flagList := [][]string{
+		{},
+	}
+	var results []TestResult
+	for _, boxPath := range boxPaths {
+		for _, stack := range stacks {
+			for _, mtu := range mtus {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(boxPath, ".") {
+					for _, flags := range flagList {
+						result, err := testOnce(boxPath, stack, mtu, false, flags)
+						if err != nil {
+							return nil, err
+						}
+						results = append(results, *result)
+					}
+				} else {
+					result, err := testOnce(boxPath, stack, mtu, false, nil)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					results = append(results, *result)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return results, nil
+}
+
+type TestResult struct {
+	BoxPath       string   `json:"box_path"`
+	Stack         string   `json:"stack"`
+	MTU           int      `json:"mtu"`
+	Flags         []string `json:"flags"`
+	MultiThread   bool     `json:"multi_thread"`
+	UploadSpeed   string   `json:"upload_speed"`
+	DownloadSpeed string   `json:"download_speed"`
+}
+
+func testOnce(boxPath string, stackName string, mtu int, multiThread bool, flags []string) (result *TestResult, err error) {
+	testAddress := netip.MustParseAddr("1.1.1.1")
+	testConfig := option.Options{
+		Inbounds: []option.Inbound{
+			{
+				Type: C.TypeTun,
+				Options: &option.TunInboundOptions{
+					Address:      []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("172.18.0.1/30")},
+					AutoRoute:    true,
+					MTU:          uint32(mtu),
+					Stack:        stackName,
+					RouteAddress: []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(testAddress, testAddress.BitLen())},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Route: &option.RouteOptions{
+			Rules: []option.Rule{
+				{
+					Type: C.RuleTypeDefault,
+					DefaultOptions: option.DefaultRule{
+						RawDefaultRule: option.RawDefaultRule{
+							IPCIDR: []string{testAddress.String()},
+						},
+						RuleAction: option.RuleAction{
+							Action: C.RuleActionTypeRouteOptions,
+							RouteOptionsOptions: option.RouteOptionsActionOptions{
+								OverrideAddress: "127.0.0.1",
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			AutoDetectInterface: true,
+		},
+	}
+	ctx := include.Context(context.Background())
+	tempConfig, err := os.CreateTemp("", "tun-bench-*.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(tempConfig.Name())
+	encoder := json.NewEncoderContext(ctx, tempConfig)
+	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	err = encoder.Encode(testConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, E.Cause(err, "encode test config")
+	}
+	tempConfig.Close()
+	var sudoArgs []string
+	if len(flags) > 0 {
+		sudoArgs = append(sudoArgs, "env")
+		sudoArgs = append(sudoArgs, flags...)
+	}
+	sudoArgs = append(sudoArgs, boxPath, "run", "-c", tempConfig.Name())
+	boxProcess := shell.Exec("sudo", sudoArgs...)
+	boxProcess.Stdout = &stderrWriter{}
+	boxProcess.Stderr = io.Discard
+	err = boxProcess.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if C.IsDarwin {
+		iperf3Path, err = exec.LookPath("iperf3-darwin")
+	} else {
+		iperf3Path, err = exec.LookPath("iperf3")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	serverProcess := shell.Exec(iperf3Path, "-s")
+	serverProcess.Stdout = io.Discard
+	serverProcess.Stderr = io.Discard
+	err = serverProcess.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, E.Cause(err, "start iperf3 server")
+	}
+
+	time.Sleep(time.Second)
+
+	args := []string{"-c", testAddress.String()}
+	if multiThread {
+		args = append(args, "-P", "10")
+	}
+
+	uploadProcess := shell.Exec(iperf3Path, args...)
+	output, err := uploadProcess.Read()
+	if err != nil {
+		boxProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
+		serverProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
+		println(output)
+		return
+	}
+
+	uploadResult := common.SubstringBeforeLast(output, "iperf Done.")
+	uploadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(uploadResult, "sender")
+	uploadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(uploadResult, "bits/sec")
+	uploadResult = common.SubstringAfterLast(uploadResult, "Bytes")
+	uploadResult = strings.ReplaceAll(uploadResult, " ", "")
+
+	result = &TestResult{
+		BoxPath:     boxPath,
+		Stack:       stackName,
+		MTU:         mtu,
+		Flags:       flags,
+		MultiThread: multiThread,
+		UploadSpeed: uploadResult,
+	}
+
+	downloadProcess := shell.Exec(iperf3Path, append(args, "-R")...)
+	output, err = downloadProcess.Read()
+	if err != nil {
+		boxProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
+		serverProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
+		println(output)
+		return
+	}
+
+	downloadResult := common.SubstringBeforeLast(output, "iperf Done.")
+	downloadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(downloadResult, "receiver")
+	downloadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(downloadResult, "bits/sec")
+	downloadResult = common.SubstringAfterLast(downloadResult, "Bytes")
+	downloadResult = strings.ReplaceAll(downloadResult, " ", "")
+
+	result.DownloadSpeed = downloadResult
+
+	printArgs := []any{boxPath, stackName, mtu, "upload", uploadResult, "download", downloadResult}
+	if len(flags) > 0 {
+		printArgs = append(printArgs, "flags", strings.Join(flags, " "))
+	}
+	if multiThread {
+		printArgs = append(printArgs, "(-P 10)")
+	}
+	fmt.Println(printArgs...)
+	err = boxProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	err = serverProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	boxDone := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		boxProcess.Cmd.Wait()
+		close(boxDone)
+	}()
+
+	serverDone := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		serverProcess.Process.Wait()
+		close(serverDone)
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-boxDone:
+	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		boxProcess.Process.Kill()
+	case <-time.After(4 * time.Second):
+		println("box process did not close!")
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	select {
+	case <-serverDone:
+	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		serverProcess.Process.Kill()
+	case <-time.After(4 * time.Second):
+		println("server process did not close!")
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+type stderrWriter struct{}
+
+func (w *stderrWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	return os.Stderr.Write(p)
+}

cmd/internal/update_android_version/main.go

@@ -13,10 +13,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 )
 
-var flagRunInCI bool
+var (
+	flagRunInCI    bool
+	flagRunNightly bool
+)
 
 func init() {
 	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunInCI, "ci", false, "Run in CI")
+	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunNightly, "nightly", false, "Run nightly")
 }
 
 func main() {
@@ -46,21 +50,23 @@ func main() {
 		switch propPair[0] {
 		case "VERSION_NAME":
 			if propPair[1] != newVersion {
+				log.Info("updated version from ", propPair[1], " to ", newVersion)
 				versionUpdated = true
 				propPair[1] = newVersion
-				log.Info("updated version to ", newVersion)
 			}
 		case "GO_VERSION":
 			if propPair[1] != runtime.Version() {
+				log.Info("updated Go version from ", propPair[1], " to ", runtime.Version())
 				goVersionUpdated = true
 				propPair[1] = runtime.Version()
-				log.Info("updated Go version to ", runtime.Version())
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	if !(versionUpdated || goVersionUpdated) {
 		log.Info("version not changed")
 		return
+	} else if flagRunInCI && !flagRunNightly {
+		log.Fatal("version changed, commit changes first.")
 	}
 	for _, propPair := range propsList {
 		switch propPair[0] {

cmd/internal/update_certificates/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/csv"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+
+	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	err := updateMozillaIncludedRootCAs()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func updateMozillaIncludedRootCAs() error {
+	response, err := http.Get("https://ccadb.my.salesforce-sites.com/mozilla/IncludedCACertificateReportPEMCSV")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer response.Body.Close()
+	reader := csv.NewReader(response.Body)
+	header, err := reader.Read()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	geoIndex := slices.Index(header, "Geographic Focus")
+	nameIndex := slices.Index(header, "Common Name or Certificate Name")
+	certIndex := slices.Index(header, "PEM Info")
+
+	generated := strings.Builder{}
+	generated.WriteString(`// Code generated by 'make update_certificates'. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package certificate
+
+import "crypto/x509"
+
+var mozillaIncluded *x509.CertPool
+
+func init() {
+	mozillaIncluded = x509.NewCertPool()
+`)
+	for {
+		record, err := reader.Read()
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			break
+		} else if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if record[geoIndex] == "China" {
+			continue
+		}
+		generated.WriteString("\n	// ")
+		generated.WriteString(record[nameIndex])
+		generated.WriteString("\n")
+		generated.WriteString("	mozillaIncluded.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(`")
+		cert := record[certIndex]
+		// Remove single quotes
+		cert = cert[1 : len(cert)-1]
+		generated.WriteString(cert)
+		generated.WriteString("`))\n")
+	}
+	generated.WriteString("}\n")
+	return os.WriteFile("common/certificate/mozilla.go", []byte(generated.String()), 0o644)
+}

cmd/sing-box/cmd.go

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/deprecated"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/include"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
@@ -68,6 +67,5 @@ func preRun(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	if len(configPaths) == 0 && len(configDirectories) == 0 {
 		configPaths = append(configPaths, "config.json")
 	}
-	globalCtx = service.ContextWith(globalCtx, deprecated.NewStderrManager(log.StdLogger()))
-	globalCtx = box.Context(globalCtx, include.InboundRegistry(), include.OutboundRegistry(), include.EndpointRegistry())
+	globalCtx = include.Context(service.ContextWith(globalCtx, deprecated.NewStderrManager(log.StdLogger())))
 }

cmd/sing-box/cmd_generate_ech.go

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-var pqSignatureSchemesEnabled bool
-
 var commandGenerateECHKeyPair = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "ech-keypair <plain_server_name>",
 	Short: "Generate TLS ECH key pair",
@@ -24,12 +22,11 @@ var commandGenerateECHKeyPair = &cobra.Command{
 }
 
 func init() {
-	commandGenerateECHKeyPair.Flags().BoolVar(&pqSignatureSchemesEnabled, "pq-signature-schemes-enabled", false, "Enable PQ signature schemes")
 	commandGenerate.AddCommand(commandGenerateECHKeyPair)
 }
 
 func generateECHKeyPair(serverName string) error {
-	configPem, keyPem, err := tls.ECHKeygenDefault(serverName, pqSignatureSchemesEnabled)
+	configPem, keyPem, err := tls.ECHKeygenDefault(serverName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cmd/sing-box/cmd_generate_tls.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func init() {
 }
 
 func generateTLSKeyPair(serverName string) error {
-	privateKeyPem, publicKeyPem, err := tls.GenerateKeyPair(time.Now, serverName, time.Now().AddDate(0, flagGenerateTLSKeyPairMonths, 0))
+	privateKeyPem, publicKeyPem, err := tls.GenerateCertificate(nil, nil, time.Now, serverName, time.Now().AddDate(0, flagGenerateTLSKeyPairMonths, 0))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_convert.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/cmd/sing-box/internal/convertor/adguard"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/convertor/adguard"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func convertRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	var rules []option.HeadlessRule
 	switch flagRuleSetConvertType {
 	case "adguard":
-		rules, err = adguard.Convert(reader)
+		rules, err = adguard.ToOptions(reader, log.StdLogger())
 	case "":
 		return E.New("source type is required")
 	default:

cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_decompile.go

@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -50,6 +53,11 @@ func decompileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	if hasRule(ruleSet.Options.Rules, func(rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) bool {
+		return len(rule.AdGuardDomain) > 0
+	}) {
+		return E.New("unable to decompile binary AdGuard rules to rule-set.")
+	}
 	var outputPath string
 	if flagRuleSetDecompileOutput == flagRuleSetDecompileDefaultOutput {
 		if strings.HasSuffix(sourcePath, ".srs") {
@@ -75,3 +83,19 @@ func decompileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	outputFile.Close()
 	return nil
 }
+
+func hasRule(rules []option.HeadlessRule, cond func(rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) bool) bool {
+	for _, rule := range rules {
+		switch rule.Type {
+		case C.RuleTypeDefault:
+			if cond(rule.DefaultOptions) {
+				return true
+			}
+		case C.RuleTypeLogical:
+			if hasRule(rule.LogicalOptions.Rules, cond) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_match.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"io"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
@@ -56,6 +57,14 @@ func ruleSetMatch(sourcePath string, domain string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return E.Cause(err, "read rule-set")
 	}
+	if flagRuleSetMatchFormat == "" {
+		switch filepath.Ext(sourcePath) {
+		case ".json":
+			flagRuleSetMatchFormat = C.RuleSetFormatSource
+		case ".srs":
+			flagRuleSetMatchFormat = C.RuleSetFormatBinary
+		}
+	}
 	var ruleSet option.PlainRuleSetCompat
 	switch flagRuleSetMatchFormat {
 	case C.RuleSetFormatSource:

cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_upgrade.go

@@ -61,14 +61,15 @@ func upgradeRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 		log.Info("already up-to-date")
 		return nil
 	}
-	plainRuleSet, err := plainRuleSetCompat.Upgrade()
+	plainRuleSetCompat.Options, err = plainRuleSetCompat.Upgrade()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	plainRuleSetCompat.Version = C.RuleSetVersionCurrent
 	buffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	encoder := json.NewEncoder(buffer)
 	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
-	err = encoder.Encode(plainRuleSet)
+	err = encoder.Encode(plainRuleSetCompat)
 	if err != nil {
 		return E.Cause(err, "encode config")
 	}

common/badtls/read_wait.go

@@ -128,6 +128,10 @@ func (c *ReadWaitConn) Upstream() any {
 	return c.Conn
 }
 
+func (c *ReadWaitConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
 var tlsRegistry []func(conn net.Conn) (loaded bool, tlsReadRecord func() error, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error)
 
 func init() {

common/badtls/read_wait_ech.go

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.21 && !without_badtls && with_ech
-
-package badtls
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	_ "unsafe"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/cloudflare-tls"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	tlsRegistry = append(tlsRegistry, func(conn net.Conn) (loaded bool, tlsReadRecord func() error, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error) {
-		tlsConn, loaded := common.Cast[*tls.Conn](conn)
-		if !loaded {
-			return
-		}
-		return true, func() error {
-				return echReadRecord(tlsConn)
-			}, func() error {
-				return echHandlePostHandshakeMessage(tlsConn)
-			}
-	})
-}
-
-//go:linkname echReadRecord github.com/sagernet/cloudflare-tls.(*Conn).readRecord
-func echReadRecord(c *tls.Conn) error
-
-//go:linkname echHandlePostHandshakeMessage github.com/sagernet/cloudflare-tls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
-func echHandlePostHandshakeMessage(c *tls.Conn) error

common/badtls/read_wait_utls.go

@@ -6,26 +6,31 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	_ "unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
-	"github.com/sagernet/utls"
+	"github.com/metacubex/utls"
 )
 
 func init() {
 	tlsRegistry = append(tlsRegistry, func(conn net.Conn) (loaded bool, tlsReadRecord func() error, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error) {
-		tlsConn, loaded := common.Cast[*tls.UConn](conn)
-		if !loaded {
-			return
+		switch tlsConn := conn.(type) {
+		case *tls.UConn:
+			return true, func() error {
+					return utlsReadRecord(tlsConn.Conn)
+				}, func() error {
+					return utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage(tlsConn.Conn)
+				}
+		case *tls.Conn:
+			return true, func() error {
+					return utlsReadRecord(tlsConn)
+				}, func() error {
+					return utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage(tlsConn)
+				}
 		}
-		return true, func() error {
-				return utlsReadRecord(tlsConn.Conn)
-			}, func() error {
-				return utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage(tlsConn.Conn)
-			}
+		return
 	})
 }
 
-//go:linkname utlsReadRecord github.com/sagernet/utls.(*Conn).readRecord
+//go:linkname utlsReadRecord github.com/metacubex/utls.(*Conn).readRecord
 func utlsReadRecord(c *tls.Conn) error
 
-//go:linkname utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage github.com/sagernet/utls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
+//go:linkname utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage github.com/metacubex/utls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
 func utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage(c *tls.Conn) error

common/certificate/store.go

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+package certificate
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/fswatch"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/libbox/platform"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
+)
+
+var _ adapter.CertificateStore = (*Store)(nil)
+
+type Store struct {
+	access                    sync.RWMutex
+	systemPool                *x509.CertPool
+	currentPool               *x509.CertPool
+	certificate               string
+	certificatePaths          []string
+	certificateDirectoryPaths []string
+	watcher                   *fswatch.Watcher
+}
+
+func NewStore(ctx context.Context, logger logger.Logger, options option.CertificateOptions) (*Store, error) {
+	var systemPool *x509.CertPool
+	switch options.Store {
+	case C.CertificateStoreSystem, "":
+		systemPool = x509.NewCertPool()
+		platformInterface := service.FromContext[platform.Interface](ctx)
+		var systemValid bool
+		if platformInterface != nil {
+			for _, cert := range platformInterface.SystemCertificates() {
+				if systemPool.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(cert)) {
+					systemValid = true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if !systemValid {
+			certPool, err := x509.SystemCertPool()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			systemPool = certPool
+		}
+	case C.CertificateStoreMozilla:
+		systemPool = mozillaIncluded
+	case C.CertificateStoreNone:
+		systemPool = nil
+	default:
+		return nil, E.New("unknown certificate store: ", options.Store)
+	}
+	store := &Store{
+		systemPool:                systemPool,
+		certificate:               strings.Join(options.Certificate, "\n"),
+		certificatePaths:          options.CertificatePath,
+		certificateDirectoryPaths: options.CertificateDirectoryPath,
+	}
+	var watchPaths []string
+	for _, target := range options.CertificatePath {
+		watchPaths = append(watchPaths, target)
+	}
+	for _, target := range options.CertificateDirectoryPath {
+		watchPaths = append(watchPaths, target)
+	}
+	if len(watchPaths) > 0 {
+		watcher, err := fswatch.NewWatcher(fswatch.Options{
+			Path:   watchPaths,
+			Logger: logger,
+			Callback: func(_ string) {
+				err := store.update()
+				if err != nil {
+					logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "reload certificates"))
+				}
+			},
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, E.Cause(err, "fswatch: create fsnotify watcher")
+		}
+		store.watcher = watcher
+	}
+	err := store.update()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initializing certificate store")
+	}
+	return store, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Name() string {
+	return "certificate"
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
+	if stage != adapter.StartStateStart {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if s.watcher != nil {
+		return s.watcher.Start()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Close() error {
+	if s.watcher != nil {
+		return s.watcher.Close()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Pool() *x509.CertPool {
+	s.access.RLock()
+	defer s.access.RUnlock()
+	return s.currentPool
+}
+
+func (s *Store) update() error {
+	s.access.Lock()
+	defer s.access.Unlock()
+	var currentPool *x509.CertPool
+	if s.systemPool == nil {
+		currentPool = x509.NewCertPool()
+	} else {
+		currentPool = s.systemPool.Clone()
+	}
+	if s.certificate != "" {
+		if !currentPool.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(s.certificate)) {
+			return E.New("invalid certificate PEM strings")
+		}
+	}
+	for _, path := range s.certificatePaths {
+		pemContent, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !currentPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemContent) {
+			return E.New("invalid certificate PEM file: ", path)
+		}
+	}
+	var firstErr error
+	for _, directoryPath := range s.certificateDirectoryPaths {
+		directoryEntries, err := readUniqueDirectoryEntries(directoryPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			if firstErr == nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				firstErr = E.Cause(err, "invalid certificate directory: ", directoryPath)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, directoryEntry := range directoryEntries {
+			pemContent, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(directoryPath, directoryEntry.Name()))
+			if err == nil {
+				currentPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemContent)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if firstErr != nil {
+		return firstErr
+	}
+	s.currentPool = currentPool
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readUniqueDirectoryEntries(dir string) ([]fs.DirEntry, error) {
+	files, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	uniq := files[:0]
+	for _, f := range files {
+		if !isSameDirSymlink(f, dir) {
+			uniq = append(uniq, f)
+		}
+	}
+	return uniq, nil
+}
+
+func isSameDirSymlink(f fs.DirEntry, dir string) bool {
+	if f.Type()&fs.ModeSymlink == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	target, err := os.Readlink(filepath.Join(dir, f.Name()))
+	return err == nil && !strings.Contains(target, "/")
+}

common/convertor/adguard/convertor.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package adguard
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
 	"io"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
@@ -9,10 +10,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 )
 
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ type agdguardRuleLine struct {
 	isImportant bool
 }
 
-func Convert(reader io.Reader) ([]option.HeadlessRule, error) {
+func ToOptions(reader io.Reader, logger logger.Logger) ([]option.HeadlessRule, error) {
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(reader)
 	var (
 		ruleLines    []agdguardRuleLine
@@ -36,7 +37,10 @@ func Convert(reader io.Reader) ([]option.HeadlessRule, error) {
 parseLine:
 	for scanner.Scan() {
 		ruleLine := scanner.Text()
-		if ruleLine == "" || ruleLine[0] == '!' || ruleLine[0] == '#' {
+		if ruleLine == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "!") || strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "#") {
 			continue
 		}
 		originRuleLine := ruleLine
@@ -92,7 +96,7 @@ parseLine:
 				}
 				if !ignored {
 					ignoredLines++
-					log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with modifier: ", paramParts[0], ": ", ruleLine)
+					logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with modifier: ", paramParts[0], ": ", originRuleLine)
 					continue parseLine
 				}
 			}
@@ -120,27 +124,35 @@ parseLine:
 			ruleLine = ruleLine[1 : len(ruleLine)-1]
 			if ignoreIPCIDRRegexp(ruleLine) {
 				ignoredLines++
-				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR regexp: ", ruleLine)
+				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR regexp: ", originRuleLine)
 				continue
 			}
 			isRegexp = true
 		} else {
 			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "://") {
 				ruleLine = common.SubstringAfter(ruleLine, "://")
+				isSuffix = true
 			}
 			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "/") {
 				ignoredLines++
-				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with path: ", ruleLine)
+				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with path: ", originRuleLine)
 				continue
 			}
-			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "##") {
+			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "?") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, "&") {
 				ignoredLines++
-				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with element hiding: ", ruleLine)
+				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with query: ", originRuleLine)
 				continue
 			}
-			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "#$#") {
+			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "[") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, "]") ||
+				strings.Contains(ruleLine, "(") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, ")") ||
+				strings.Contains(ruleLine, "!") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, "#") {
 				ignoredLines++
-				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with element hiding: ", ruleLine)
+				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported cosmetic filter: ", originRuleLine)
+				continue
+			}
+			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "~") {
+				ignoredLines++
+				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule modifier: ", originRuleLine)
 				continue
 			}
 			var domainCheck string
@@ -151,7 +163,7 @@ parseLine:
 			}
 			if ruleLine == "" {
 				ignoredLines++
-				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with empty domain", originRuleLine)
+				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with empty domain", originRuleLine)
 				continue
 			} else {
 				domainCheck = strings.ReplaceAll(domainCheck, "*", "x")
@@ -159,13 +171,13 @@ parseLine:
 					_, ipErr := parseADGuardIPCIDRLine(ruleLine)
 					if ipErr == nil {
 						ignoredLines++
-						log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR: ", ruleLine)
+						logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR: ", originRuleLine)
 						continue
 					}
 					if M.ParseSocksaddr(domainCheck).Port != 0 {
-						log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with port: ", ruleLine)
+						logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with port: ", originRuleLine)
 					} else {
-						log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with invalid domain: ", ruleLine)
+						logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with invalid domain: ", originRuleLine)
 					}
 					ignoredLines++
 					continue
@@ -283,10 +295,112 @@ parseLine:
 			},
 		}
 	}
-	log.Info("parsed rules: ", len(ruleLines), "/", len(ruleLines)+ignoredLines)
+	if ignoredLines > 0 {
+		logger.Info("parsed rules: ", len(ruleLines), "/", len(ruleLines)+ignoredLines)
+	}
 	return []option.HeadlessRule{currentRule}, nil
 }
 
+var ErrInvalid = E.New("invalid binary AdGuard rule-set")
+
+func FromOptions(rules []option.HeadlessRule) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(rules) != 1 {
+		return nil, ErrInvalid
+	}
+	rule := rules[0]
+	var (
+		importantDomain             []string
+		importantDomainRegex        []string
+		importantExcludeDomain      []string
+		importantExcludeDomainRegex []string
+		domain                      []string
+		domainRegex                 []string
+		excludeDomain               []string
+		excludeDomainRegex          []string
+	)
+parse:
+	for {
+		switch rule.Type {
+		case C.RuleTypeLogical:
+			if !(len(rule.LogicalOptions.Rules) == 2 && rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].Type == C.RuleTypeDefault) {
+				return nil, ErrInvalid
+			}
+			if rule.LogicalOptions.Mode == C.LogicalTypeAnd && rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.Invert {
+				if len(importantExcludeDomain) == 0 && len(importantExcludeDomainRegex) == 0 {
+					importantExcludeDomain = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
+					importantExcludeDomainRegex = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
+					if len(importantExcludeDomain)+len(importantExcludeDomainRegex) == 0 {
+						return nil, ErrInvalid
+					}
+				} else {
+					excludeDomain = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
+					excludeDomainRegex = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
+					if len(excludeDomain)+len(excludeDomainRegex) == 0 {
+						return nil, ErrInvalid
+					}
+				}
+			} else if rule.LogicalOptions.Mode == C.LogicalTypeOr && !rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.Invert {
+				importantDomain = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
+				importantDomainRegex = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
+				if len(importantDomain)+len(importantDomainRegex) == 0 {
+					return nil, ErrInvalid
+				}
+			} else {
+				return nil, ErrInvalid
+			}
+			rule = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[1]
+		case C.RuleTypeDefault:
+			domain = rule.DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
+			domainRegex = rule.DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
+			if len(domain)+len(domainRegex) == 0 {
+				return nil, ErrInvalid
+			}
+			break parse
+		}
+	}
+	var output bytes.Buffer
+	for _, ruleLine := range importantDomain {
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("$important\n")
+	}
+	for _, ruleLine := range importantDomainRegex {
+		output.WriteString("/")
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("/$important\n")
+
+	}
+	for _, ruleLine := range importantExcludeDomain {
+		output.WriteString("@@")
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("$important\n")
+	}
+	for _, ruleLine := range importantExcludeDomainRegex {
+		output.WriteString("@@/")
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("/$important\n")
+	}
+	for _, ruleLine := range domain {
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	for _, ruleLine := range domainRegex {
+		output.WriteString("/")
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("/\n")
+	}
+	for _, ruleLine := range excludeDomain {
+		output.WriteString("@@")
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	for _, ruleLine := range excludeDomainRegex {
+		output.WriteString("@@/")
+		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
+		output.WriteString("/\n")
+	}
+	return output.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
 func ignoreIPCIDRRegexp(ruleLine string) bool {
 	if strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "(http?:\\/\\/)") {
 		ruleLine = ruleLine[12:]
@@ -294,11 +408,9 @@ func ignoreIPCIDRRegexp(ruleLine string) bool {
 		ruleLine = ruleLine[13:]
 	} else if strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "^") {
 		ruleLine = ruleLine[1:]
-	} else {
-		return false
 	}
-	_, parseErr := strconv.ParseUint(common.SubstringBefore(ruleLine, "\\."), 10, 8)
-	return parseErr == nil
+	return common.Error(strconv.ParseUint(common.SubstringBefore(ruleLine, "\\."), 10, 8)) == nil ||
+		common.Error(strconv.ParseUint(common.SubstringBefore(ruleLine, "."), 10, 8)) == nil
 }
 
 func parseAdGuardHostLine(ruleLine string) (string, error) {
@@ -342,5 +454,5 @@ func parseADGuardIPCIDRLine(ruleLine string) (netip.Prefix, error) {
 	for len(ruleParts) < 4 {
 		ruleParts = append(ruleParts, 0)
 	}
-	return netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4(*(*[4]byte)(ruleParts)), bitLen), nil
+	return netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte(ruleParts)), bitLen), nil
 }

common/convertor/adguard/convertor_test.go

@@ -7,13 +7,15 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/route/rule"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 func TestConverter(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	rules, err := Convert(strings.NewReader(`
+	ruleString := `||sagernet.org^$important
+@@|sing-box.sagernet.org^$important
 ||example.org^
 |example.com^
 example.net^
@@ -21,10 +23,9 @@ example.net^
 ||example.edu.tw^
 |example.gov
 example.arpa
-@@|sagernet.example.org|
-||sagernet.org^$important
-@@|sing-box.sagernet.org^$important
-`))
+@@|sagernet.example.org^
+`
+	rules, err := ToOptions(strings.NewReader(ruleString), logger.NOP())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Len(t, rules, 1)
 	rule, err := rule.NewHeadlessRule(context.Background(), rules[0])
@@ -75,15 +76,18 @@ example.arpa
 			Domain: domain,
 		}), domain)
 	}
+	ruleFromOptions, err := FromOptions(rules)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, ruleString, string(ruleFromOptions))
 }
 
 func TestHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	rules, err := Convert(strings.NewReader(`
+	rules, err := ToOptions(strings.NewReader(`
 127.0.0.1 localhost
 ::1 localhost #[IPv6]
 0.0.0.0 google.com
-`))
+`), logger.NOP())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Len(t, rules, 1)
 	rule, err := rule.NewHeadlessRule(context.Background(), rules[0])
@@ -110,10 +114,10 @@ func TestHosts(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestSimpleHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	rules, err := Convert(strings.NewReader(`
+	rules, err := ToOptions(strings.NewReader(`
 example.com
 www.example.org
-`))
+`), logger.NOP())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Len(t, rules, 1)
 	rule, err := rule.NewHeadlessRule(context.Background(), rules[0])

common/dialer/default.go

@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/conntrack"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/listener"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/libbox/platform"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/atomic"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ type DefaultDialer struct {
 	udpListener            net.ListenConfig
 	udpAddr4               string
 	udpAddr6               string
-	isWireGuardListener    bool
+	netns                  string
 	networkManager         adapter.NetworkManager
 	networkStrategy        *C.NetworkStrategy
 	defaultNetworkStrategy bool
 	networkType            []C.InterfaceType
 	fallbackNetworkType    []C.InterfaceType
 	networkFallbackDelay   time.Duration
-	networkLastFallback    atomic.TypedValue[time.Time]
+	networkLastFallback    common.TypedValue[time.Time]
 }
 
 func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDialer, error) {
@@ -65,23 +65,19 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 		interfaceFinder = control.NewDefaultInterfaceFinder()
 	}
 	if options.BindInterface != "" {
+		if !(C.IsLinux || C.IsDarwin || C.IsWindows) {
+			return nil, E.New("`bind_interface` is only supported on Linux, macOS and Windows")
+		}
 		bindFunc := control.BindToInterface(interfaceFinder, options.BindInterface, -1)
 		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
 	}
 	if options.RoutingMark > 0 {
-		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(options.RoutingMark)))
-		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(options.RoutingMark)))
-	}
-	if networkManager != nil {
-		autoRedirectOutputMark := networkManager.AutoRedirectOutputMark()
-		if autoRedirectOutputMark > 0 {
-			if options.RoutingMark > 0 {
-				return nil, E.New("`routing_mark` is conflict with `tun.auto_redirect` with `tun.route_[_exclude]_address_set")
-			}
-			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(autoRedirectOutputMark))
-			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(autoRedirectOutputMark))
+		if !C.IsLinux {
+			return nil, E.New("`routing_mark` is only supported on Linux")
 		}
+		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, uint32(options.RoutingMark), false))
+		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, uint32(options.RoutingMark), false))
 	}
 	disableDefaultBind := options.BindInterface != "" || options.Inet4BindAddress != nil || options.Inet6BindAddress != nil
 	if disableDefaultBind || options.TCPFastOpen {
@@ -92,44 +88,47 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 
 	if networkManager != nil {
 		defaultOptions := networkManager.DefaultOptions()
-		if !disableDefaultBind {
-			if defaultOptions.BindInterface != "" {
-				bindFunc := control.BindToInterface(networkManager.InterfaceFinder(), defaultOptions.BindInterface, -1)
+		if defaultOptions.BindInterface != "" && !disableDefaultBind {
+			bindFunc := control.BindToInterface(networkManager.InterfaceFinder(), defaultOptions.BindInterface, -1)
+			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
+			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
+		} else if networkManager.AutoDetectInterface() && !disableDefaultBind {
+			if platformInterface != nil {
+				networkStrategy = (*C.NetworkStrategy)(options.NetworkStrategy)
+				networkType = common.Map(options.NetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
+				fallbackNetworkType = common.Map(options.FallbackNetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
+				if networkStrategy == nil && len(networkType) == 0 && len(fallbackNetworkType) == 0 {
+					networkStrategy = defaultOptions.NetworkStrategy
+					networkType = defaultOptions.NetworkType
+					fallbackNetworkType = defaultOptions.FallbackNetworkType
+				}
+				networkFallbackDelay = time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay)
+				if networkFallbackDelay == 0 && defaultOptions.FallbackDelay != 0 {
+					networkFallbackDelay = defaultOptions.FallbackDelay
+				}
+				if networkStrategy == nil {
+					networkStrategy = common.Ptr(C.NetworkStrategyDefault)
+					defaultNetworkStrategy = true
+				}
+				bindFunc := networkManager.ProtectFunc()
+				dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
+				listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
+			} else {
+				bindFunc := networkManager.AutoDetectInterfaceFunc()
 				dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
 				listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
-			} else if networkManager.AutoDetectInterface() {
-				if platformInterface != nil {
-					networkStrategy = (*C.NetworkStrategy)(options.NetworkStrategy)
-					if networkStrategy == nil {
-						networkStrategy = common.Ptr(C.NetworkStrategyDefault)
-						defaultNetworkStrategy = true
-					}
-					networkType = common.Map(options.NetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
-					fallbackNetworkType = common.Map(options.FallbackNetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
-					if networkStrategy == nil && len(networkType) == 0 && len(fallbackNetworkType) == 0 {
-						networkStrategy = defaultOptions.NetworkStrategy
-						networkType = defaultOptions.NetworkType
-						fallbackNetworkType = defaultOptions.FallbackNetworkType
-					}
-					networkFallbackDelay = time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay)
-					if networkFallbackDelay == 0 && defaultOptions.FallbackDelay != 0 {
-						networkFallbackDelay = defaultOptions.FallbackDelay
-					}
-					bindFunc := networkManager.ProtectFunc()
-					dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
-					listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
-				} else {
-					bindFunc := networkManager.AutoDetectInterfaceFunc()
-					dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
-					listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
-				}
 			}
 		}
 		if options.RoutingMark == 0 && defaultOptions.RoutingMark != 0 {
-			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(defaultOptions.RoutingMark))
-			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(defaultOptions.RoutingMark))
+			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, defaultOptions.RoutingMark, true))
+			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, defaultOptions.RoutingMark, true))
 		}
 	}
+	if networkManager != nil {
+		markFunc := networkManager.AutoRedirectOutputMarkFunc()
+		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, markFunc)
+		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, markFunc)
+	}
 	if options.ReuseAddr {
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.ReuseAddr())
 	}
@@ -143,8 +142,7 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 		dialer.Timeout = C.TCPConnectTimeout
 	}
 	// TODO: Add an option to customize the keep alive period
-	dialer.KeepAlive = C.TCPKeepAliveInitial
-	dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.SetKeepAlivePeriod(C.TCPKeepAliveInitial, C.TCPKeepAliveInterval))
+	setKeepAliveConfig(&dialer, C.TCPKeepAliveInitial, C.TCPKeepAliveInterval)
 	var udpFragment bool
 	if options.UDPFragment != nil {
 		udpFragment = *options.UDPFragment
@@ -183,11 +181,6 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 		}
 		setMultiPathTCP(&dialer4)
 	}
-	if options.IsWireGuardListener {
-		for _, controlFn := range WgControlFns {
-			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, controlFn)
-		}
-	}
 	tcpDialer4, err := newTCPDialer(dialer4, options.TCPFastOpen)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -204,7 +197,7 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 		udpListener:            listener,
 		udpAddr4:               udpAddr4,
 		udpAddr6:               udpAddr6,
-		isWireGuardListener:    options.IsWireGuardListener,
+		netns:                  options.NetNs,
 		networkManager:         networkManager,
 		networkStrategy:        networkStrategy,
 		defaultNetworkStrategy: defaultNetworkStrategy,
@@ -214,24 +207,44 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 	}, nil
 }
 
+func setMarkWrapper(networkManager adapter.NetworkManager, mark uint32, isDefault bool) control.Func {
+	if networkManager == nil {
+		return control.RoutingMark(mark)
+	}
+	return func(network, address string, conn syscall.RawConn) error {
+		if networkManager.AutoRedirectOutputMark() != 0 {
+			if isDefault {
+				return E.New("`route.default_mark` is conflict with `tun.auto_redirect`")
+			} else {
+				return E.New("`routing_mark` is conflict with `tun.auto_redirect`")
+			}
+		}
+		return control.RoutingMark(mark)(network, address, conn)
+	}
+}
+
 func (d *DefaultDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, address M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
 	if !address.IsValid() {
 		return nil, E.New("invalid address")
+	} else if address.IsFqdn() {
+		return nil, E.New("domain not resolved")
 	}
 	if d.networkStrategy == nil {
-		switch N.NetworkName(network) {
-		case N.NetworkUDP:
-			if !address.IsIPv6() {
-				return trackConn(d.udpDialer4.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String()))
-			} else {
-				return trackConn(d.udpDialer6.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String()))
+		return trackConn(listener.ListenNetworkNamespace[net.Conn](d.netns, func() (net.Conn, error) {
+			switch N.NetworkName(network) {
+			case N.NetworkUDP:
+				if !address.IsIPv6() {
+					return d.udpDialer4.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String())
+				} else {
+					return d.udpDialer6.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String())
+				}
 			}
-		}
-		if !address.IsIPv6() {
-			return trackConn(DialSlowContext(&d.dialer4, ctx, network, address))
-		} else {
-			return trackConn(DialSlowContext(&d.dialer6, ctx, network, address))
-		}
+			if !address.IsIPv6() {
+				return DialSlowContext(&d.dialer4, ctx, network, address)
+			} else {
+				return DialSlowContext(&d.dialer6, ctx, network, address)
+			}
+		}))
 	} else {
 		return d.DialParallelInterface(ctx, network, address, d.networkStrategy, d.networkType, d.fallbackNetworkType, d.networkFallbackDelay)
 	}
@@ -259,7 +272,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network strin
 	} else {
 		dialer = d.udpDialer4
 	}
-	fastFallback := time.Now().Sub(d.networkLastFallback.Load()) < C.TCPTimeout
+	fastFallback := time.Since(d.networkLastFallback.Load()) < C.TCPTimeout
 	var (
 		conn      net.Conn
 		isPrimary bool
@@ -287,13 +300,15 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network strin
 
 func (d *DefaultDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
 	if d.networkStrategy == nil {
-		if destination.IsIPv6() {
-			return trackPacketConn(d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr6))
-		} else if destination.IsIPv4() && !destination.Addr.IsUnspecified() {
-			return trackPacketConn(d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP+"4", d.udpAddr4))
-		} else {
-			return trackPacketConn(d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr4))
-		}
+		return trackPacketConn(listener.ListenNetworkNamespace[net.PacketConn](d.netns, func() (net.PacketConn, error) {
+			if destination.IsIPv6() {
+				return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr6)
+			} else if destination.IsIPv4() && !destination.Addr.IsUnspecified() {
+				return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP+"4", d.udpAddr4)
+			} else {
+				return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr4)
+			}
+		}))
 	} else {
 		return d.ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx, destination, d.networkStrategy, d.networkType, d.fallbackNetworkType, d.networkFallbackDelay)
 	}
@@ -333,7 +348,17 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, destina
 }
 
 func (d *DefaultDialer) ListenPacketCompat(network, address string) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(context.Background(), network, address)
+	udpListener := d.udpListener
+	udpListener.Control = control.Append(udpListener.Control, func(network, address string, conn syscall.RawConn) error {
+		for _, wgControlFn := range WgControlFns {
+			err := wgControlFn(network, address, conn)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	return udpListener.ListenPacket(context.Background(), network, address)
 }
 
 func trackConn(conn net.Conn, err error) (net.Conn, error) {

common/dialer/default_go123.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//go:build go1.23
+
+package dialer
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func setKeepAliveConfig(dialer *net.Dialer, idle time.Duration, interval time.Duration) {
+	dialer.KeepAliveConfig = net.KeepAliveConfig{
+		Enable:   true,
+		Idle:     idle,
+		Interval: interval,
+	}
+}

common/dialer/default_nongo123.go

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//go:build !go1.23
+
+package dialer
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
+)
+
+func setKeepAliveConfig(dialer *net.Dialer, idle time.Duration, interval time.Duration) {
+	dialer.KeepAlive = idle
+	dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.SetKeepAlivePeriod(idle, interval))
+}

common/dialer/default_parallel_interface.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, dialer net.Di
 	if len(primaryInterfaces)+len(fallbackInterfaces) == 0 {
 		return nil, false, E.New("no available network interface")
 	}
+	defaultInterface := d.networkManager.InterfaceMonitor().DefaultInterface()
 	if fallbackDelay == 0 {
 		fallbackDelay = N.DefaultFallbackDelay
 	}
@@ -31,7 +32,9 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, dialer net.Di
 	results := make(chan dialResult) // unbuffered
 	startRacer := func(ctx context.Context, primary bool, iif adapter.NetworkInterface) {
 		perNetDialer := dialer
-		perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
+		if defaultInterface == nil || iif.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
+			perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
+		}
 		conn, err := perNetDialer.DialContext(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err != nil {
 			select {
@@ -89,6 +92,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterfaceFastFallback(ctx context.Context, d
 	if len(primaryInterfaces)+len(fallbackInterfaces) == 0 {
 		return nil, false, E.New("no available network interface")
 	}
+	defaultInterface := d.networkManager.InterfaceMonitor().DefaultInterface()
 	if fallbackDelay == 0 {
 		fallbackDelay = N.DefaultFallbackDelay
 	}
@@ -103,7 +107,9 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterfaceFastFallback(ctx context.Context, d
 	results := make(chan dialResult) // unbuffered
 	startRacer := func(ctx context.Context, primary bool, iif adapter.NetworkInterface) {
 		perNetDialer := dialer
-		perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
+		if defaultInterface == nil || iif.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
+			perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
+		}
 		conn, err := perNetDialer.DialContext(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err != nil {
 			select {
@@ -149,10 +155,13 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) listenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, listene
 	if len(primaryInterfaces)+len(fallbackInterfaces) == 0 {
 		return nil, E.New("no available network interface")
 	}
+	defaultInterface := d.networkManager.InterfaceMonitor().DefaultInterface()
 	var errors []error
 	for _, primaryInterface := range primaryInterfaces {
 		perNetListener := listener
-		perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, primaryInterface.Name, primaryInterface.Index))
+		if defaultInterface == nil || primaryInterface.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
+			perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, primaryInterface.Name, primaryInterface.Index))
+		}
 		conn, err := perNetListener.ListenPacket(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err == nil {
 			return conn, nil
@@ -161,7 +170,9 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) listenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, listene
 	}
 	for _, fallbackInterface := range fallbackInterfaces {
 		perNetListener := listener
-		perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, fallbackInterface.Name, fallbackInterface.Index))
+		if defaultInterface == nil || fallbackInterface.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
+			perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, fallbackInterface.Name, fallbackInterface.Index))
+		}
 		conn, err := perNetListener.ListenPacket(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err == nil {
 			return conn, nil

common/dialer/detour.go

@@ -6,39 +6,63 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 )
 
+type DirectDialer interface {
+	IsEmpty() bool
+}
+
 type DetourDialer struct {
 	outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager
 	detour          string
+	legacyDNSDialer bool
 	dialer          N.Dialer
 	initOnce        sync.Once
 	initErr         error
 }
 
-func NewDetour(outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager, detour string) N.Dialer {
-	return &DetourDialer{outboundManager: outboundManager, detour: detour}
+func NewDetour(outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager, detour string, legacyDNSDialer bool) N.Dialer {
+	return &DetourDialer{
+		outboundManager: outboundManager,
+		detour:          detour,
+		legacyDNSDialer: legacyDNSDialer,
+	}
 }
 
-func (d *DetourDialer) Start() error {
-	_, err := d.Dialer()
-	return err
+func InitializeDetour(dialer N.Dialer) error {
+	detourDialer, isDetour := common.Cast[*DetourDialer](dialer)
+	if !isDetour {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return common.Error(detourDialer.Dialer())
 }
 
 func (d *DetourDialer) Dialer() (N.Dialer, error) {
-	d.initOnce.Do(func() {
-		var loaded bool
-		d.dialer, loaded = d.outboundManager.Outbound(d.detour)
-		if !loaded {
-			d.initErr = E.New("outbound detour not found: ", d.detour)
-		}
-	})
+	d.initOnce.Do(d.init)
 	return d.dialer, d.initErr
 }
 
+func (d *DetourDialer) init() {
+	dialer, loaded := d.outboundManager.Outbound(d.detour)
+	if !loaded {
+		d.initErr = E.New("outbound detour not found: ", d.detour)
+		return
+	}
+	if !d.legacyDNSDialer {
+		if directDialer, isDirect := dialer.(DirectDialer); isDirect {
+			if directDialer.IsEmpty() {
+				d.initErr = E.New("detour to an empty direct outbound makes no sense")
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	d.dialer = dialer
+}
+
 func (d *DetourDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
 	dialer, err := d.Dialer()
 	if err != nil {

common/dialer/dialer.go

@@ -8,68 +8,133 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/deprecated"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )
 
-func New(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (N.Dialer, error) {
-	if options.IsWireGuardListener {
-		return NewDefault(ctx, options)
-	}
+type Options struct {
+	Context          context.Context
+	Options          option.DialerOptions
+	RemoteIsDomain   bool
+	DirectResolver   bool
+	ResolverOnDetour bool
+	NewDialer        bool
+	LegacyDNSDialer  bool
+	DirectOutbound   bool
+}
+
+// TODO: merge with NewWithOptions
+func New(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions, remoteIsDomain bool) (N.Dialer, error) {
+	return NewWithOptions(Options{
+		Context:        ctx,
+		Options:        options,
+		RemoteIsDomain: remoteIsDomain,
+	})
+}
+
+func NewWithOptions(options Options) (N.Dialer, error) {
+	dialOptions := options.Options
 	var (
 		dialer N.Dialer
 		err    error
 	)
-	if options.Detour == "" {
-		dialer, err = NewDefault(ctx, options)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	} else {
-		outboundManager := service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundManager](ctx)
+	if dialOptions.Detour != "" {
+		outboundManager := service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundManager](options.Context)
 		if outboundManager == nil {
 			return nil, E.New("missing outbound manager")
 		}
-		dialer = NewDetour(outboundManager, options.Detour)
-	}
-	if options.Detour == "" {
-		router := service.FromContext[adapter.Router](ctx)
-		if router != nil {
-			dialer = NewResolveDialer(
-				router,
-				dialer,
-				options.Detour == "" && !options.TCPFastOpen,
-				dns.DomainStrategy(options.DomainStrategy),
-				time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay))
+		dialer = NewDetour(outboundManager, dialOptions.Detour, options.LegacyDNSDialer)
+	} else {
+		dialer, err = NewDefault(options.Context, dialOptions)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
+	if options.RemoteIsDomain && (dialOptions.Detour == "" || options.ResolverOnDetour || dialOptions.DomainResolver != nil && dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server != "") {
+		networkManager := service.FromContext[adapter.NetworkManager](options.Context)
+		dnsTransport := service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportManager](options.Context)
+		var defaultOptions adapter.NetworkOptions
+		if networkManager != nil {
+			defaultOptions = networkManager.DefaultOptions()
+		}
+		var (
+			server               string
+			dnsQueryOptions      adapter.DNSQueryOptions
+			resolveFallbackDelay time.Duration
+		)
+		if dialOptions.DomainResolver != nil && dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server != "" {
+			var transport adapter.DNSTransport
+			if !options.DirectResolver {
+				var loaded bool
+				transport, loaded = dnsTransport.Transport(dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server)
+				if !loaded {
+					return nil, E.New("domain resolver not found: " + dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server)
+				}
+			}
+			var strategy C.DomainStrategy
+			if dialOptions.DomainResolver.Strategy != option.DomainStrategy(C.DomainStrategyAsIS) {
+				strategy = C.DomainStrategy(dialOptions.DomainResolver.Strategy)
+			} else if
+			//nolint:staticcheck
+			dialOptions.DomainStrategy != option.DomainStrategy(C.DomainStrategyAsIS) {
+				//nolint:staticcheck
+				strategy = C.DomainStrategy(dialOptions.DomainStrategy)
+				deprecated.Report(options.Context, deprecated.OptionLegacyDomainStrategyOptions)
+			}
+			server = dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server
+			dnsQueryOptions = adapter.DNSQueryOptions{
+				Transport:    transport,
+				Strategy:     strategy,
+				DisableCache: dialOptions.DomainResolver.DisableCache,
+				RewriteTTL:   dialOptions.DomainResolver.RewriteTTL,
+				ClientSubnet: dialOptions.DomainResolver.ClientSubnet.Build(netip.Prefix{}),
+			}
+			resolveFallbackDelay = time.Duration(dialOptions.FallbackDelay)
+		} else if options.DirectResolver {
+			return nil, E.New("missing domain resolver for domain server address")
+		} else {
+			if defaultOptions.DomainResolver != "" {
+				dnsQueryOptions = defaultOptions.DomainResolveOptions
+				transport, loaded := dnsTransport.Transport(defaultOptions.DomainResolver)
+				if !loaded {
+					return nil, E.New("default domain resolver not found: " + defaultOptions.DomainResolver)
+				}
+				dnsQueryOptions.Transport = transport
+				resolveFallbackDelay = time.Duration(dialOptions.FallbackDelay)
+			} else {
+				transports := dnsTransport.Transports()
+				if len(transports) < 2 {
+					dnsQueryOptions.Transport = dnsTransport.Default()
+				} else if options.NewDialer {
+					return nil, E.New("missing domain resolver for domain server address")
+				} else {
+					deprecated.Report(options.Context, deprecated.OptionMissingDomainResolver)
+				}
+			}
+			if
+			//nolint:staticcheck
+			dialOptions.DomainStrategy != option.DomainStrategy(C.DomainStrategyAsIS) {
+				//nolint:staticcheck
+				dnsQueryOptions.Strategy = C.DomainStrategy(dialOptions.DomainStrategy)
+				deprecated.Report(options.Context, deprecated.OptionLegacyDomainStrategyOptions)
+			}
+		}
+		dialer = NewResolveDialer(
+			options.Context,
+			dialer,
+			dialOptions.Detour == "" && !dialOptions.TCPFastOpen,
+			server,
+			dnsQueryOptions,
+			resolveFallbackDelay,
+		)
+	}
 	return dialer, nil
 }
 
-func NewDirect(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (ParallelInterfaceDialer, error) {
-	if options.Detour != "" {
-		return nil, E.New("`detour` is not supported in direct context")
-	}
-	if options.IsWireGuardListener {
-		return NewDefault(ctx, options)
-	}
-	dialer, err := NewDefault(ctx, options)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return NewResolveParallelInterfaceDialer(
-		service.FromContext[adapter.Router](ctx),
-		dialer,
-		true,
-		dns.DomainStrategy(options.DomainStrategy),
-		time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay),
-	), nil
-}
-
 type ParallelInterfaceDialer interface {
 	N.Dialer
 	DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.Conn, error)
@@ -80,3 +145,7 @@ type ParallelNetworkDialer interface {
 	DialParallelNetwork(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr, destinationAddresses []netip.Addr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.Conn, error)
 	ListenSerialNetworkPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr, destinationAddresses []netip.Addr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.PacketConn, netip.Addr, error)
 }
+
+type PacketDialerWithDestination interface {
+	ListenPacketWithDestination(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, netip.Addr, error)
+}

common/dialer/resolve.go

@@ -3,16 +3,17 @@ package dialer
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net"
-	"net/netip"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -20,21 +21,51 @@ var (
 	_ ParallelInterfaceDialer = (*resolveParallelNetworkDialer)(nil)
 )
 
+type ResolveDialer interface {
+	N.Dialer
+	QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions
+}
+
+type ParallelInterfaceResolveDialer interface {
+	ParallelInterfaceDialer
+	QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions
+}
+
 type resolveDialer struct {
+	transport     adapter.DNSTransportManager
+	router        adapter.DNSRouter
 	dialer        N.Dialer
 	parallel      bool
-	router        adapter.Router
-	strategy      dns.DomainStrategy
+	server        string
+	initOnce      sync.Once
+	initErr       error
+	queryOptions  adapter.DNSQueryOptions
 	fallbackDelay time.Duration
 }
 
-func NewResolveDialer(router adapter.Router, dialer N.Dialer, parallel bool, strategy dns.DomainStrategy, fallbackDelay time.Duration) N.Dialer {
+func NewResolveDialer(ctx context.Context, dialer N.Dialer, parallel bool, server string, queryOptions adapter.DNSQueryOptions, fallbackDelay time.Duration) ResolveDialer {
+	if parallelDialer, isParallel := dialer.(ParallelInterfaceDialer); isParallel {
+		return &resolveParallelNetworkDialer{
+			resolveDialer{
+				transport:     service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportManager](ctx),
+				router:        service.FromContext[adapter.DNSRouter](ctx),
+				dialer:        dialer,
+				parallel:      parallel,
+				server:        server,
+				queryOptions:  queryOptions,
+				fallbackDelay: fallbackDelay,
+			},
+			parallelDialer,
+		}
+	}
 	return &resolveDialer{
-		dialer,
-		parallel,
-		router,
-		strategy,
-		fallbackDelay,
+		transport:     service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportManager](ctx),
+		router:        service.FromContext[adapter.DNSRouter](ctx),
+		dialer:        dialer,
+		parallel:      parallel,
+		server:        server,
+		queryOptions:  queryOptions,
+		fallbackDelay: fallbackDelay,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -43,59 +74,53 @@ type resolveParallelNetworkDialer struct {
 	dialer ParallelInterfaceDialer
 }
 
-func NewResolveParallelInterfaceDialer(router adapter.Router, dialer ParallelInterfaceDialer, parallel bool, strategy dns.DomainStrategy, fallbackDelay time.Duration) ParallelInterfaceDialer {
-	return &resolveParallelNetworkDialer{
-		resolveDialer{
-			dialer,
-			parallel,
-			router,
-			strategy,
-			fallbackDelay,
-		},
-		dialer,
+func (d *resolveDialer) initialize() error {
+	d.initOnce.Do(d.initServer)
+	return d.initErr
+}
+
+func (d *resolveDialer) initServer() {
+	if d.server == "" {
+		return
 	}
+	transport, loaded := d.transport.Transport(d.server)
+	if !loaded {
+		d.initErr = E.New("domain resolver not found: " + d.server)
+		return
+	}
+	d.queryOptions.Transport = transport
 }
 
 func (d *resolveDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
+	err := d.initialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
 	}
-	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	metadata.Destination = destination
-	metadata.Domain = ""
-	var addresses []netip.Addr
-	var err error
-	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
-		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
-	} else {
-		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
-	}
+	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if d.parallel {
-		return N.DialParallel(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, d.fallbackDelay)
+		return N.DialParallel(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.queryOptions.Strategy == C.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, d.fallbackDelay)
 	} else {
 		return N.DialSerial(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses)
 	}
 }
 
 func (d *resolveDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	err := d.initialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
 	}
-	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	metadata.Destination = destination
-	metadata.Domain = ""
-	var addresses []netip.Addr
-	var err error
-	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
-		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
-	} else {
-		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
-	}
+	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -106,21 +131,24 @@ func (d *resolveDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksadd
 	return bufio.NewNATPacketConn(bufio.NewPacketConn(conn), M.SocksaddrFrom(destinationAddress, destination.Port), destination), nil
 }
 
+func (d *resolveDialer) QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions {
+	return d.queryOptions
+}
+
+func (d *resolveDialer) Upstream() any {
+	return d.dialer
+}
+
 func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.Conn, error) {
+	err := d.initialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
 	}
-	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	metadata.Destination = destination
-	metadata.Domain = ""
-	var addresses []netip.Addr
-	var err error
-	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
-		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
-	} else {
-		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
-	}
+	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -128,30 +156,28 @@ func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context
 		fallbackDelay = d.fallbackDelay
 	}
 	if d.parallel {
-		return DialParallelNetwork(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
+		return DialParallelNetwork(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.queryOptions.Strategy == C.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
 	} else {
 		return DialSerialNetwork(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
 	}
 }
 
 func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	err := d.initialize()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
 	}
-	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	metadata.Destination = destination
-	metadata.Domain = ""
-	var addresses []netip.Addr
-	var err error
-	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
-		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
-	} else {
-		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
-	}
+	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if fallbackDelay == 0 {
+		fallbackDelay = d.fallbackDelay
+	}
 	conn, destinationAddress, err := ListenSerialNetworkPacket(ctx, d.dialer, destination, addresses, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -159,6 +185,10 @@ func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.C
 	return bufio.NewNATPacketConn(bufio.NewPacketConn(conn), M.SocksaddrFrom(destinationAddress, destination.Port), destination), nil
 }
 
-func (d *resolveDialer) Upstream() any {
+func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions {
+	return d.queryOptions
+}
+
+func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) Upstream() any {
 	return d.dialer
 }

common/dialer/router.go

@@ -7,24 +7,27 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )
 
 type DefaultOutboundDialer struct {
-	outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager
+	outbound adapter.OutboundManager
 }
 
-func NewDefaultOutbound(outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager) N.Dialer {
-	return &DefaultOutboundDialer{outboundManager: outboundManager}
+func NewDefaultOutbound(ctx context.Context) N.Dialer {
+	return &DefaultOutboundDialer{
+		outbound: service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundManager](ctx),
+	}
 }
 
 func (d *DefaultOutboundDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
-	return d.outboundManager.Default().DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
+	return d.outbound.Default().DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
 }
 
 func (d *DefaultOutboundDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	return d.outboundManager.Default().ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
+	return d.outbound.Default().ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
 }
 
 func (d *DefaultOutboundDialer) Upstream() any {
-	return d.outboundManager.Default()
+	return d.outbound.Default()
 }

common/dialer/tfo.go

@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"os"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 
@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@ type slowOpenConn struct {
 	ctx         context.Context
 	network     string
 	destination M.Socksaddr
-	conn        net.Conn
+	conn        atomic.Pointer[net.TCPConn]
 	create      chan struct{}
+	done        chan struct{}
 	access      sync.Mutex
+	closeOnce   sync.Once
 	err         error
 }
 
@@ -45,26 +47,30 @@ func DialSlowContext(dialer *tcpDialer, ctx context.Context, network string, des
 		network:     network,
 		destination: destination,
 		create:      make(chan struct{}),
+		done:        make(chan struct{}),
 	}, nil
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) Read(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
-	if c.conn == nil {
-		select {
-		case <-c.create:
-			if c.err != nil {
-				return 0, c.err
-			}
-		case <-c.ctx.Done():
-			return 0, c.ctx.Err()
-		}
+	conn := c.conn.Load()
+	if conn != nil {
+		return conn.Read(b)
+	}
+	select {
+	case <-c.create:
+		if c.err != nil {
+			return 0, c.err
+		}
+		return c.conn.Load().Read(b)
+	case <-c.done:
+		return 0, os.ErrClosed
 	}
-	return c.conn.Read(b)
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
-	if c.conn != nil {
-		return c.conn.Write(b)
+	tcpConn := c.conn.Load()
+	if tcpConn != nil {
+		return tcpConn.Write(b)
 	}
 	c.access.Lock()
 	defer c.access.Unlock()
@@ -73,13 +79,16 @@ func (c *slowOpenConn) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 		if c.err != nil {
 			return 0, c.err
 		}
-		return c.conn.Write(b)
+		return c.conn.Load().Write(b)
+	case <-c.done:
+		return 0, os.ErrClosed
 	default:
 	}
-	c.conn, err = c.dialer.DialContext(c.ctx, c.network, c.destination.String(), b)
+	conn, err := c.dialer.DialContext(c.ctx, c.network, c.destination.String(), b)
 	if err != nil {
-		c.conn = nil
-		c.err = E.Cause(err, "dial tcp fast open")
+		c.err = err
+	} else {
+		c.conn.Store(conn.(*net.TCPConn))
 	}
 	n = len(b)
 	close(c.create)
@@ -87,74 +96,87 @@ func (c *slowOpenConn) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) Close() error {
-	return common.Close(c.conn)
+	c.closeOnce.Do(func() {
+		close(c.done)
+		conn := c.conn.Load()
+		if conn != nil {
+			conn.Close()
+		}
+	})
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) LocalAddr() net.Addr {
-	if c.conn == nil {
+	conn := c.conn.Load()
+	if conn == nil {
 		return M.Socksaddr{}
 	}
-	return c.conn.LocalAddr()
+	return conn.LocalAddr()
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) RemoteAddr() net.Addr {
-	if c.conn == nil {
+	conn := c.conn.Load()
+	if conn == nil {
 		return M.Socksaddr{}
 	}
-	return c.conn.RemoteAddr()
+	return conn.RemoteAddr()
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) SetDeadline(t time.Time) error {
-	if c.conn == nil {
+	conn := c.conn.Load()
+	if conn == nil {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	return c.conn.SetDeadline(t)
+	return conn.SetDeadline(t)
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) SetReadDeadline(t time.Time) error {
-	if c.conn == nil {
+	conn := c.conn.Load()
+	if conn == nil {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	return c.conn.SetReadDeadline(t)
+	return conn.SetReadDeadline(t)
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) SetWriteDeadline(t time.Time) error {
-	if c.conn == nil {
+	conn := c.conn.Load()
+	if conn == nil {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	return c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(t)
+	return conn.SetWriteDeadline(t)
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) Upstream() any {
-	return c.conn
+	return common.PtrOrNil(c.conn.Load())
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
-	return c.conn != nil
+	return c.conn.Load() != nil
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
-	return c.conn != nil
+	return c.conn.Load() != nil
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) LazyHeadroom() bool {
-	return c.conn == nil
+	return c.conn.Load() == nil
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) NeedHandshake() bool {
-	return c.conn == nil
+	return c.conn.Load() == nil
 }
 
 func (c *slowOpenConn) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
-	if c.conn == nil {
+	conn := c.conn.Load()
+	if conn == nil {
 		select {
 		case <-c.create:
 			if c.err != nil {
 				return 0, c.err
 			}
-		case <-c.ctx.Done():
-			return 0, c.ctx.Err()
+		case <-c.done:
+			return 0, c.err
 		}
 	}
-	return bufio.Copy(w, c.conn)
+	return bufio.Copy(w, c.conn.Load())
 }

common/humanize/bytes.go

@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-package humanize
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"math"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"unicode"
-)
-
-// IEC Sizes.
-// kibis of bits
-const (
-	Byte = 1 << (iota * 10)
-	KiByte
-	MiByte
-	GiByte
-	TiByte
-	PiByte
-	EiByte
-)
-
-// SI Sizes.
-const (
-	IByte = 1
-	KByte = IByte * 1000
-	MByte = KByte * 1000
-	GByte = MByte * 1000
-	TByte = GByte * 1000
-	PByte = TByte * 1000
-	EByte = PByte * 1000
-)
-
-var defaultSizeTable = map[string]uint64{
-	"b":   Byte,
-	"kib": KiByte,
-	"kb":  KByte,
-	"mib": MiByte,
-	"mb":  MByte,
-	"gib": GiByte,
-	"gb":  GByte,
-	"tib": TiByte,
-	"tb":  TByte,
-	"pib": PiByte,
-	"pb":  PByte,
-	"eib": EiByte,
-	"eb":  EByte,
-	// Without suffix
-	"":   Byte,
-	"ki": KiByte,
-	"k":  KByte,
-	"mi": MiByte,
-	"m":  MByte,
-	"gi": GiByte,
-	"g":  GByte,
-	"ti": TiByte,
-	"t":  TByte,
-	"pi": PiByte,
-	"p":  PByte,
-	"ei": EiByte,
-	"e":  EByte,
-}
-
-var memorysSizeTable = map[string]uint64{
-	"b":  Byte,
-	"kb": KiByte,
-	"mb": MiByte,
-	"gb": GiByte,
-	"tb": TiByte,
-	"pb": PiByte,
-	"eb": EiByte,
-	"":   Byte,
-	"k":  KiByte,
-	"m":  MiByte,
-	"g":  GiByte,
-	"t":  TiByte,
-	"p":  PiByte,
-	"e":  EiByte,
-}
-
-var (
-	defaultSizes = []string{"B", "kB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB", "EB"}
-	iSizes       = []string{"B", "KiB", "MiB", "GiB", "TiB", "PiB", "EiB"}
-)
-
-func Bytes(s uint64) string {
-	return humanateBytes(s, 1000, defaultSizes)
-}
-
-func MemoryBytes(s uint64) string {
-	return humanateBytes(s, 1024, defaultSizes)
-}
-
-func IBytes(s uint64) string {
-	return humanateBytes(s, 1024, iSizes)
-}
-
-func logn(n, b float64) float64 {
-	return math.Log(n) / math.Log(b)
-}
-
-func humanateBytes(s uint64, base float64, sizes []string) string {
-	if s < 10 {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%d B", s)
-	}
-	e := math.Floor(logn(float64(s), base))
-	suffix := sizes[int(e)]
-	val := math.Floor(float64(s)/math.Pow(base, e)*10+0.5) / 10
-	f := "%.0f %s"
-	if val < 10 {
-		f = "%.1f %s"
-	}
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf(f, val, suffix)
-}
-
-func ParseBytes(s string) (uint64, error) {
-	return parseBytes0(s, defaultSizeTable)
-}
-
-func ParseMemoryBytes(s string) (uint64, error) {
-	return parseBytes0(s, memorysSizeTable)
-}
-
-func parseBytes0(s string, sizeTable map[string]uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	lastDigit := 0
-	hasComma := false
-	for _, r := range s {
-		if !(unicode.IsDigit(r) || r == '.' || r == ',') {
-			break
-		}
-		if r == ',' {
-			hasComma = true
-		}
-		lastDigit++
-	}
-
-	num := s[:lastDigit]
-	if hasComma {
-		num = strings.Replace(num, ",", "", -1)
-	}
-
-	f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(num, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-
-	extra := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(s[lastDigit:]))
-	if m, ok := sizeTable[extra]; ok {
-		f *= float64(m)
-		if f >= math.MaxUint64 {
-			return 0, fmt.Errorf("too large: %v", s)
-		}
-		return uint64(f), nil
-	}
-
-	return 0, fmt.Errorf("unhandled size name: %v", extra)
-}

common/listener/listener.go

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
@@ -14,6 +16,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+
+	"github.com/vishvananda/netns"
 )
 
 type Listener struct {
@@ -28,6 +32,7 @@ type Listener struct {
 	disablePacketOutput      bool
 	setSystemProxy           bool
 	systemProxySOCKS         bool
+	tproxy                   bool
 
 	tcpListener          net.Listener
 	systemProxy          settings.SystemProxy
@@ -50,6 +55,7 @@ type Options struct {
 	DisablePacketOutput      bool
 	SetSystemProxy           bool
 	SystemProxySOCKS         bool
+	TProxy                   bool
 }
 
 func New(
@@ -67,6 +73,7 @@ func New(
 		disablePacketOutput:      options.DisablePacketOutput,
 		setSystemProxy:           options.SetSystemProxy,
 		systemProxySOCKS:         options.SystemProxySOCKS,
+		tproxy:                   options.TProxy,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -135,3 +142,31 @@ func (l *Listener) UDPConn() *net.UDPConn {
 func (l *Listener) ListenOptions() option.ListenOptions {
 	return l.listenOptions
 }
+
+func ListenNetworkNamespace[T any](nameOrPath string, block func() (T, error)) (T, error) {
+	if nameOrPath != "" {
+		runtime.LockOSThread()
+		defer runtime.UnlockOSThread()
+		currentNs, err := netns.Get()
+		if err != nil {
+			return common.DefaultValue[T](), E.Cause(err, "get current netns")
+		}
+		defer currentNs.Close()
+		defer netns.Set(currentNs)
+		var targetNs netns.NsHandle
+		if strings.HasPrefix(nameOrPath, "/") {
+			targetNs, err = netns.GetFromPath(nameOrPath)
+		} else {
+			targetNs, err = netns.GetFromName(nameOrPath)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return common.DefaultValue[T](), E.Cause(err, "get netns ", nameOrPath)
+		}
+		defer targetNs.Close()
+		err = netns.Set(targetNs)
+		if err != nil {
+			return common.DefaultValue[T](), E.Cause(err, "set netns to ", nameOrPath)
+		}
+	}
+	return block()
+}

common/listener/listener_tcp.go

@@ -3,23 +3,40 @@ package listener
 import (
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/redir"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 
 	"github.com/metacubex/tfo-go"
 )
 
 func (l *Listener) ListenTCP() (net.Listener, error) {
+	//nolint:staticcheck
+	if l.listenOptions.ProxyProtocol || l.listenOptions.ProxyProtocolAcceptNoHeader {
+		return nil, E.New("Proxy Protocol is deprecated and removed in sing-box 1.6.0")
+	}
 	var err error
 	bindAddr := M.SocksaddrFrom(l.listenOptions.Listen.Build(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{127, 0, 0, 1})), l.listenOptions.ListenPort)
-	var tcpListener net.Listener
 	var listenConfig net.ListenConfig
+	if l.listenOptions.BindInterface != "" {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.BindToInterface(service.FromContext[adapter.NetworkManager](l.ctx).InterfaceFinder(), l.listenOptions.BindInterface, -1))
+	}
+	if l.listenOptions.RoutingMark != 0 {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(l.listenOptions.RoutingMark)))
+	}
+	if l.listenOptions.ReuseAddr {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.ReuseAddr())
+	}
 	if l.listenOptions.TCPKeepAlive >= 0 {
 		keepIdle := time.Duration(l.listenOptions.TCPKeepAlive)
 		if keepIdle == 0 {
@@ -37,20 +54,26 @@ func (l *Listener) ListenTCP() (net.Listener, error) {
 		}
 		setMultiPathTCP(&listenConfig)
 	}
-	if l.listenOptions.TCPFastOpen {
-		var tfoConfig tfo.ListenConfig
-		tfoConfig.ListenConfig = listenConfig
-		tcpListener, err = tfoConfig.Listen(l.ctx, M.NetworkFromNetAddr(N.NetworkTCP, bindAddr.Addr), bindAddr.String())
-	} else {
-		tcpListener, err = listenConfig.Listen(l.ctx, M.NetworkFromNetAddr(N.NetworkTCP, bindAddr.Addr), bindAddr.String())
+	if l.tproxy {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, func(network, address string, conn syscall.RawConn) error {
+			return control.Raw(conn, func(fd uintptr) error {
+				return redir.TProxy(fd, !strings.HasSuffix(network, "4"), false)
+			})
+		})
 	}
-	if err == nil {
-		l.logger.Info("tcp server started at ", tcpListener.Addr())
-	}
-	//nolint:staticcheck
-	if l.listenOptions.ProxyProtocol || l.listenOptions.ProxyProtocolAcceptNoHeader {
-		return nil, E.New("Proxy Protocol is deprecated and removed in sing-box 1.6.0")
+	tcpListener, err := ListenNetworkNamespace[net.Listener](l.listenOptions.NetNs, func() (net.Listener, error) {
+		if l.listenOptions.TCPFastOpen {
+			var tfoConfig tfo.ListenConfig
+			tfoConfig.ListenConfig = listenConfig
+			return tfoConfig.Listen(l.ctx, M.NetworkFromNetAddr(N.NetworkTCP, bindAddr.Addr), bindAddr.String())
+		} else {
+			return listenConfig.Listen(l.ctx, M.NetworkFromNetAddr(N.NetworkTCP, bindAddr.Addr), bindAddr.String())
+		}
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
+	l.logger.Info("tcp server started at ", tcpListener.Addr())
 	l.tcpListener = tcpListener
 	return tcpListener, err
 }

common/listener/listener_udp.go

@@ -1,20 +1,35 @@
 package listener
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/redir"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/buf"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )
 
 func (l *Listener) ListenUDP() (net.PacketConn, error) {
 	bindAddr := M.SocksaddrFrom(l.listenOptions.Listen.Build(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{127, 0, 0, 1})), l.listenOptions.ListenPort)
-	var lc net.ListenConfig
+	var listenConfig net.ListenConfig
+	if l.listenOptions.BindInterface != "" {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.BindToInterface(service.FromContext[adapter.NetworkManager](l.ctx).InterfaceFinder(), l.listenOptions.BindInterface, -1))
+	}
+	if l.listenOptions.RoutingMark != 0 {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(l.listenOptions.RoutingMark)))
+	}
+	if l.listenOptions.ReuseAddr {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.ReuseAddr())
+	}
 	var udpFragment bool
 	if l.listenOptions.UDPFragment != nil {
 		udpFragment = *l.listenOptions.UDPFragment
@@ -22,9 +37,18 @@ func (l *Listener) ListenUDP() (net.PacketConn, error) {
 		udpFragment = l.listenOptions.UDPFragmentDefault
 	}
 	if !udpFragment {
-		lc.Control = control.Append(lc.Control, control.DisableUDPFragment())
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.DisableUDPFragment())
 	}
-	udpConn, err := lc.ListenPacket(l.ctx, M.NetworkFromNetAddr(N.NetworkUDP, bindAddr.Addr), bindAddr.String())
+	if l.tproxy {
+		listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, func(network, address string, conn syscall.RawConn) error {
+			return control.Raw(conn, func(fd uintptr) error {
+				return redir.TProxy(fd, !strings.HasSuffix(network, "4"), true)
+			})
+		})
+	}
+	udpConn, err := ListenNetworkNamespace[net.PacketConn](l.listenOptions.NetNs, func() (net.PacketConn, error) {
+		return listenConfig.ListenPacket(l.ctx, M.NetworkFromNetAddr(N.NetworkUDP, bindAddr.Addr), bindAddr.String())
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -34,6 +58,36 @@ func (l *Listener) ListenUDP() (net.PacketConn, error) {
 	return udpConn, err
 }
 
+func (l *Listener) DialContext(dialer net.Dialer, ctx context.Context, network string, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
+	return ListenNetworkNamespace[net.Conn](l.listenOptions.NetNs, func() (net.Conn, error) {
+		if l.listenOptions.BindInterface != "" {
+			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(service.FromContext[adapter.NetworkManager](l.ctx).InterfaceFinder(), l.listenOptions.BindInterface, -1))
+		}
+		if l.listenOptions.RoutingMark != 0 {
+			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(l.listenOptions.RoutingMark)))
+		}
+		if l.listenOptions.ReuseAddr {
+			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.ReuseAddr())
+		}
+		return dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, address)
+	})
+}
+
+func (l *Listener) ListenPacket(listenConfig net.ListenConfig, ctx context.Context, network string, address string) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	return ListenNetworkNamespace[net.PacketConn](l.listenOptions.NetNs, func() (net.PacketConn, error) {
+		if l.listenOptions.BindInterface != "" {
+			listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.BindToInterface(service.FromContext[adapter.NetworkManager](l.ctx).InterfaceFinder(), l.listenOptions.BindInterface, -1))
+		}
+		if l.listenOptions.RoutingMark != 0 {
+			listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(l.listenOptions.RoutingMark)))
+		}
+		if l.listenOptions.ReuseAddr {
+			listenConfig.Control = control.Append(listenConfig.Control, control.ReuseAddr())
+		}
+		return listenConfig.ListenPacket(ctx, network, address)
+	})
+}
+
 func (l *Listener) UDPAddr() M.Socksaddr {
 	return l.udpAddr
 }
@@ -111,9 +165,8 @@ func (l *Listener) loopUDPOut() {
 				if l.shutdown.Load() && E.IsClosed(err) {
 					return
 				}
-				l.udpConn.Close()
 				l.logger.Error("udp listener write back: ", destination, ": ", err)
-				return
+				continue
 			}
 			continue
 		case <-l.packetOutboundClosed:

common/process/searcher.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ type Config struct {
 }
 
 type Info struct {
+	ProcessID   uint32
 	ProcessPath string
 	PackageName string
 	User        string

common/process/searcher_darwin.go

@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@ func findProcessName(network string, ip netip.Addr, port int) (string, error) {
 		// rup8(sizeof(xtcpcb_n))
 		itemSize += 208
 	}
+
+	var fallbackUDPProcess string
 	// skip the first xinpgen(24 bytes) block
 	for i := 24; i+itemSize <= len(buf); i += itemSize {
 		// offset of xinpcb_n and xsocket_n
@@ -90,24 +92,34 @@ func findProcessName(network string, ip netip.Addr, port int) (string, error) {
 		flag := buf[inp+44]
 
 		var srcIP netip.Addr
+		srcIsIPv4 := false
 		switch {
 		case flag&0x1 > 0 && isIPv4:
 			// ipv4
-			srcIP = netip.AddrFrom4(*(*[4]byte)(buf[inp+76 : inp+80]))
+			srcIP = netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte(buf[inp+76 : inp+80]))
+			srcIsIPv4 = true
 		case flag&0x2 > 0 && !isIPv4:
 			// ipv6
-			srcIP = netip.AddrFrom16(*(*[16]byte)(buf[inp+64 : inp+80]))
+			srcIP = netip.AddrFrom16([16]byte(buf[inp+64 : inp+80]))
 		default:
 			continue
 		}
 
-		if ip != srcIP {
-			continue
+		if ip == srcIP {
+			// xsocket_n.so_last_pid
+			pid := readNativeUint32(buf[so+68 : so+72])
+			return getExecPathFromPID(pid)
 		}
 
-		// xsocket_n.so_last_pid
-		pid := readNativeUint32(buf[so+68 : so+72])
-		return getExecPathFromPID(pid)
+		// udp packet connection may be not equal with srcIP
+		if network == N.NetworkUDP && srcIP.IsUnspecified() && isIPv4 == srcIsIPv4 {
+			pid := readNativeUint32(buf[so+68 : so+72])
+			fallbackUDPProcess, _ = getExecPathFromPID(pid)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if network == N.NetworkUDP && len(fallbackUDPProcess) > 0 {
+		return fallbackUDPProcess, nil
 	}
 
 	return "", ErrNotFound

common/process/searcher_windows.go

@@ -2,14 +2,11 @@ package process
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
-	"os"
 	"syscall"
-	"unsafe"
 
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/winiphlpapi"
 
 	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
 )
@@ -26,209 +23,39 @@ func NewSearcher(_ Config) (Searcher, error) {
 	return &windowsSearcher{}, nil
 }
 
-var (
-	modiphlpapi                    = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("iphlpapi.dll")
-	procGetExtendedTcpTable        = modiphlpapi.NewProc("GetExtendedTcpTable")
-	procGetExtendedUdpTable        = modiphlpapi.NewProc("GetExtendedUdpTable")
-	modkernel32                    = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("kernel32.dll")
-	procQueryFullProcessImageNameW = modkernel32.NewProc("QueryFullProcessImageNameW")
-)
-
 func initWin32API() error {
-	err := modiphlpapi.Load()
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "load iphlpapi.dll")
-	}
-
-	err = procGetExtendedTcpTable.Find()
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "load iphlpapi::GetExtendedTcpTable")
-	}
-
-	err = procGetExtendedUdpTable.Find()
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "load iphlpapi::GetExtendedUdpTable")
-	}
-
-	err = modkernel32.Load()
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "load kernel32.dll")
-	}
-
-	err = procQueryFullProcessImageNameW.Find()
-	if err != nil {
-		return E.Cause(err, "load kernel32::QueryFullProcessImageNameW")
-	}
-
-	return nil
+	return winiphlpapi.LoadExtendedTable()
 }
 
 func (s *windowsSearcher) FindProcessInfo(ctx context.Context, network string, source netip.AddrPort, destination netip.AddrPort) (*Info, error) {
-	processName, err := findProcessName(network, source.Addr(), int(source.Port()))
+	pid, err := winiphlpapi.FindPid(network, source)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return &Info{ProcessPath: processName, UserId: -1}, nil
-}
-
-func findProcessName(network string, ip netip.Addr, srcPort int) (string, error) {
-	family := windows.AF_INET
-	if ip.Is6() {
-		family = windows.AF_INET6
-	}
-
-	const (
-		tcpTablePidConn = 4
-		udpTablePid     = 1
-	)
-
-	var class int
-	var fn uintptr
-	switch network {
-	case N.NetworkTCP:
-		fn = procGetExtendedTcpTable.Addr()
-		class = tcpTablePidConn
-	case N.NetworkUDP:
-		fn = procGetExtendedUdpTable.Addr()
-		class = udpTablePid
-	default:
-		return "", os.ErrInvalid
-	}
-
-	buf, err := getTransportTable(fn, family, class)
+	path, err := getProcessPath(pid)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
+		return &Info{ProcessID: pid, UserId: -1}, err
 	}
-
-	s := newSearcher(family == windows.AF_INET, network == N.NetworkTCP)
-
-	pid, err := s.Search(buf, ip, uint16(srcPort))
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return getExecPathFromPID(pid)
+	return &Info{ProcessID: pid, ProcessPath: path, UserId: -1}, nil
 }
 
-type searcher struct {
-	itemSize int
-	port     int
-	ip       int
-	ipSize   int
-	pid      int
-	tcpState int
-}
-
-func (s *searcher) Search(b []byte, ip netip.Addr, port uint16) (uint32, error) {
-	n := int(readNativeUint32(b[:4]))
-	itemSize := s.itemSize
-	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		row := b[4+itemSize*i : 4+itemSize*(i+1)]
-
-		if s.tcpState >= 0 {
-			tcpState := readNativeUint32(row[s.tcpState : s.tcpState+4])
-			// MIB_TCP_STATE_ESTAB, only check established connections for TCP
-			if tcpState != 5 {
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
-		// according to MSDN, only the lower 16 bits of dwLocalPort are used and the port number is in network endian.
-		// this field can be illustrated as follows depends on different machine endianess:
-		//     little endian: [ MSB LSB  0   0  ]   interpret as native uint32 is ((LSB<<8)|MSB)
-		//       big  endian: [  0   0  MSB LSB ]   interpret as native uint32 is ((MSB<<8)|LSB)
-		// so we need an syscall.Ntohs on the lower 16 bits after read the port as native uint32
-		srcPort := syscall.Ntohs(uint16(readNativeUint32(row[s.port : s.port+4])))
-		if srcPort != port {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		srcIP, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(row[s.ip : s.ip+s.ipSize])
-		// windows binds an unbound udp socket to 0.0.0.0/[::] while first sendto
-		if ip != srcIP && (!srcIP.IsUnspecified() || s.tcpState != -1) {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		pid := readNativeUint32(row[s.pid : s.pid+4])
-		return pid, nil
-	}
-	return 0, ErrNotFound
-}
-
-func newSearcher(isV4, isTCP bool) *searcher {
-	var itemSize, port, ip, ipSize, pid int
-	tcpState := -1
-	switch {
-	case isV4 && isTCP:
-		// struct MIB_TCPROW_OWNER_PID
-		itemSize, port, ip, ipSize, pid, tcpState = 24, 8, 4, 4, 20, 0
-	case isV4 && !isTCP:
-		// struct MIB_UDPROW_OWNER_PID
-		itemSize, port, ip, ipSize, pid = 12, 4, 0, 4, 8
-	case !isV4 && isTCP:
-		// struct MIB_TCP6ROW_OWNER_PID
-		itemSize, port, ip, ipSize, pid, tcpState = 56, 20, 0, 16, 52, 48
-	case !isV4 && !isTCP:
-		// struct MIB_UDP6ROW_OWNER_PID
-		itemSize, port, ip, ipSize, pid = 28, 20, 0, 16, 24
-	}
-
-	return &searcher{
-		itemSize: itemSize,
-		port:     port,
-		ip:       ip,
-		ipSize:   ipSize,
-		pid:      pid,
-		tcpState: tcpState,
-	}
-}
-
-func getTransportTable(fn uintptr, family int, class int) ([]byte, error) {
-	for size, buf := uint32(8), make([]byte, 8); ; {
-		ptr := unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0])
-		err, _, _ := syscall.SyscallN(fn, uintptr(ptr), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&size)), 0, uintptr(family), uintptr(class), 0)
-
-		switch err {
-		case 0:
-			return buf, nil
-		case uintptr(syscall.ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER):
-			buf = make([]byte, size)
-		default:
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("syscall error: %d", err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func readNativeUint32(b []byte) uint32 {
-	return *(*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&b[0]))
-}
-
-func getExecPathFromPID(pid uint32) (string, error) {
-	// kernel process starts with a colon in order to distinguish with normal processes
+func getProcessPath(pid uint32) (string, error) {
 	switch pid {
 	case 0:
-		// reserved pid for system idle process
 		return ":System Idle Process", nil
 	case 4:
-		// reserved pid for windows kernel image
 		return ":System", nil
 	}
-	h, err := windows.OpenProcess(windows.PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION, false, pid)
+	handle, err := windows.OpenProcess(windows.PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION, false, pid)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
-	defer windows.CloseHandle(h)
-
+	defer windows.CloseHandle(handle)
+	size := uint32(syscall.MAX_LONG_PATH)
 	buf := make([]uint16, syscall.MAX_LONG_PATH)
-	size := uint32(len(buf))
-	r1, _, err := syscall.SyscallN(
-		procQueryFullProcessImageNameW.Addr(),
-		uintptr(h),
-		uintptr(0),
-		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0])),
-		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&size)),
-	)
-	if r1 == 0 {
+	err = windows.QueryFullProcessImageName(handle, 0, &buf[0], &size)
+	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
-	return syscall.UTF16ToString(buf[:size]), nil
+	return windows.UTF16ToString(buf[:size]), nil
 }

common/redir/tproxy_linux.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 )
 
-func TProxy(fd uintptr, isIPv6 bool) error {
+func TProxy(fd uintptr, isIPv6 bool, isUDP bool) error {
 	err := syscall.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), syscall.SOL_SOCKET, syscall.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
 	if err == nil {
 		err = syscall.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), syscall.SOL_IP, syscall.IP_TRANSPARENT, 1)
@@ -20,11 +20,13 @@ func TProxy(fd uintptr, isIPv6 bool) error {
 	if err == nil && isIPv6 {
 		err = syscall.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), syscall.SOL_IPV6, unix.IPV6_TRANSPARENT, 1)
 	}
-	if err == nil {
-		err = syscall.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), syscall.SOL_IP, syscall.IP_RECVORIGDSTADDR, 1)
-	}
-	if err == nil && isIPv6 {
-		err = syscall.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), syscall.SOL_IPV6, unix.IPV6_RECVORIGDSTADDR, 1)
+	if isUDP {
+		if err == nil {
+			err = syscall.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), syscall.SOL_IP, syscall.IP_RECVORIGDSTADDR, 1)
+		}
+		if err == nil && isIPv6 {
+			err = syscall.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), syscall.SOL_IPV6, unix.IPV6_RECVORIGDSTADDR, 1)
+		}
 	}
 	return err
 }

common/redir/tproxy_other.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
 )
 
-func TProxy(fd uintptr, isIPv6 bool) error {
+func TProxy(fd uintptr, isIPv6 bool, isUDP bool) error {
 	return os.ErrInvalid
 }
 

common/sniff/bittorrent.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -23,21 +24,26 @@ func BitTorrent(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.R
 	var first byte
 	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &first)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 
 	if first != 19 {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
 
+	const header = "BitTorrent protocol"
 	var protocol [19]byte
-	_, err = reader.Read(protocol[:])
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if string(protocol[:]) != "BitTorrent protocol" {
+	var n int
+	n, err = reader.Read(protocol[:])
+	if string(protocol[:n]) != header[:n] {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
+	}
+	if n < 19 {
+		return ErrNeedMoreData
+	}
 
 	metadata.Protocol = C.ProtocolBitTorrent
 	return nil
@@ -67,7 +73,9 @@ func UTP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, packet []byte) err
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-
+		if extension > 0x04 {
+			return os.ErrInvalid
+		}
 		var length byte
 		err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &length)
 		if err != nil {

common/sniff/bittorrent_test.go

@@ -32,6 +32,27 @@ func TestSniffBittorrent(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestSniffIncompleteBittorrent(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	pkt, err := hex.DecodeString("13426974546f7272656e74")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.BitTorrent(context.TODO(), &metadata, bytes.NewReader(pkt))
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+}
+
+func TestSniffNotBittorrent(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	pkt, err := hex.DecodeString("13426974546f7272656e75")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.BitTorrent(context.TODO(), &metadata, bytes.NewReader(pkt))
+	require.NotEmpty(t, err)
+	require.NotErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+}
+
 func TestSniffUTP(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -71,3 +92,19 @@ func TestSniffUDPTracker(t *testing.T) {
 		require.Equal(t, C.ProtocolBitTorrent, metadata.Protocol)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSniffNotUTP(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	packets := []string{
+		"0102736470696e674958d580121500000000000079aaed6717a39c27b07c0c000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+	}
+	for _, pkt := range packets {
+		pkt, err := hex.DecodeString(pkt)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+		err = sniff.UTP(context.TODO(), &metadata, pkt)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	}
+}

common/sniff/dns.go

@@ -5,14 +5,11 @@ import (
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"io"
 	"os"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/buf"
-	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/task"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 
 	mDNS "github.com/miekg/dns"
 )
@@ -21,35 +18,40 @@ func StreamDomainNameQuery(readCtx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundCon
 	var length uint16
 	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &length)
 	if err != nil {
-		return os.ErrInvalid
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
-	if length == 0 {
+	if length < 12 {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
 	buffer := buf.NewSize(int(length))
 	defer buffer.Release()
-	readCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(readCtx, time.Millisecond*100)
-	var readTask task.Group
-	readTask.Append0(func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		return common.Error(buffer.ReadFullFrom(reader, buffer.FreeLen()))
-	})
-	err = readTask.Run(readCtx)
-	cancel()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	var n int
+	n, err = buffer.ReadFullFrom(reader, buffer.FreeLen())
+	packet := buffer.Bytes()
+	if n > 2 && packet[2]&0x80 != 0 { // QR
+		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	return DomainNameQuery(readCtx, metadata, buffer.Bytes())
+	if n > 5 && packet[4] == 0 && packet[5] == 0 { // QDCOUNT
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	for i := 6; i < 10; i++ {
+		// ANCOUNT, NSCOUNT
+		if n > i && packet[i] != 0 {
+			return os.ErrInvalid
+		}
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
+	}
+	return DomainNameQuery(readCtx, metadata, packet)
 }
 
 func DomainNameQuery(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, packet []byte) error {
 	var msg mDNS.Msg
 	err := msg.Unpack(packet)
-	if err != nil {
+	if err != nil || msg.Response || len(msg.Question) == 0 || len(msg.Answer) > 0 || len(msg.Ns) > 0 {
 		return err
 	}
-	if len(msg.Question) == 0 || msg.Question[0].Qclass != mDNS.ClassINET || !M.IsDomainName(msg.Question[0].Name) {
-		return os.ErrInvalid
-	}
 	metadata.Protocol = C.ProtocolDNS
 	return nil
 }

common/sniff/dns_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package sniff_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/sniff"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestSniffDNS(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	query, err := hex.DecodeString("740701000001000000000000012a06676f6f676c6503636f6d0000010001")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.DomainNameQuery(context.TODO(), &metadata, query)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, C.ProtocolDNS, metadata.Protocol)
+}
+
+func TestSniffStreamDNS(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	query, err := hex.DecodeString("001e740701000001000000000000012a06676f6f676c6503636f6d0000010001")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.StreamDomainNameQuery(context.TODO(), &metadata, bytes.NewReader(query))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, C.ProtocolDNS, metadata.Protocol)
+}
+
+func TestSniffIncompleteStreamDNS(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	query, err := hex.DecodeString("001e740701000001000000000000")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.StreamDomainNameQuery(context.TODO(), &metadata, bytes.NewReader(query))
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+}
+
+func TestSniffNotStreamDNS(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	query, err := hex.DecodeString("001e740701000000000000000000")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.StreamDomainNameQuery(context.TODO(), &metadata, bytes.NewReader(query))
+	require.NotEmpty(t, err)
+	require.NotErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+}

common/sniff/http.go

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@ package sniff
 import (
 	std_bufio "bufio"
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"io"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/protocol/http"
 )
@@ -14,7 +16,11 @@ import (
 func HTTPHost(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader) error {
 	request, err := http.ReadRequest(std_bufio.NewReader(reader))
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		if errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
+			return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
+		} else {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 	metadata.Protocol = C.ProtocolHTTP
 	metadata.Domain = M.ParseSocksaddr(request.Host).AddrString()

common/sniff/ntp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+package sniff
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+)
+
+func NTP(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, packet []byte) error {
+	// NTP packets must be at least 48 bytes long (standard NTP header size).
+	pLen := len(packet)
+	if pLen < 48 {
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	// Check the LI (Leap Indicator) and Version Number (VN) in the first byte.
+	// We'll primarily focus on ensuring the version is valid for NTP.
+	// Many NTP versions are used, but let's check for generally accepted ones (3 & 4 for IPv4, plus potential extensions/customizations)
+	firstByte := packet[0]
+	li := (firstByte >> 6) & 0x03 // Extract LI
+	vn := (firstByte >> 3) & 0x07 // Extract VN
+	mode := firstByte & 0x07      // Extract Mode
+
+	// Leap Indicator should be a valid value (0-3).
+	if li > 3 {
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	// Version Check (common NTP versions are 3 and 4)
+	if vn != 3 && vn != 4 {
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	// Check the Mode field for a client request (Mode 3).  This validates it *is* a request.
+	if mode != 3 {
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	// Check Root Delay and Root Dispersion. While not strictly *required* for a request,
+	// we can check if they appear to be reasonable values (not excessively large).
+	rootDelay := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(packet[4:8])
+	rootDispersion := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(packet[8:12])
+
+	// Check for unreasonably large root delay and dispersion.  NTP RFC specifies max values of approximately 16 seconds.
+	// Convert to milliseconds for easy comparison.  Each unit is 1/2^16 seconds.
+	if float64(rootDelay)/65536.0 > 16.0 {
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+	if float64(rootDispersion)/65536.0 > 16.0 {
+		return os.ErrInvalid
+	}
+
+	metadata.Protocol = C.ProtocolNTP
+
+	return nil
+}

common/sniff/ntp_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package sniff_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/sniff"
+	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestSniffNTP(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	packet, err := hex.DecodeString("1b0006000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.NTP(context.Background(), &metadata, packet)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, metadata.Protocol, C.ProtocolNTP)
+}
+
+func TestSniffNTPFailed(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	packet, err := hex.DecodeString("400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.NTP(context.Background(), &metadata, packet)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, os.ErrInvalid)
+}

common/sniff/quic.go

@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/hkdf"
 )
 
-var ErrClientHelloFragmented = E.New("need more packet for chromium QUIC connection")
-
 func QUICClientHello(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, packet []byte) error {
 	reader := bytes.NewReader(packet)
 	typeByte, err := reader.ReadByte()
@@ -305,10 +303,8 @@ find:
 	metadata.Protocol = C.ProtocolQUIC
 	fingerprint, err := ja3.Compute(buffer.Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
-		metadata.Protocol = C.ProtocolQUIC
-		metadata.Client = C.ClientChromium
 		metadata.SniffContext = fragments
-		return ErrClientHelloFragmented
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 	metadata.Domain = fingerprint.ServerName
 	for metadata.Client == "" {
@@ -336,7 +332,7 @@ find:
 		}
 
 		if count(frameTypeList, frameTypeCrypto) > 1 || count(frameTypeList, frameTypePing) > 0 {
-			if maybeUQUIC(fingerprint) {
+			if isQUICGo(fingerprint) {
 				metadata.Client = C.ClientQUICGo
 			} else {
 				metadata.Client = C.ClientChromium

common/sniff/quic_blacklist.go

@@ -1,24 +1,29 @@
 package sniff
 
 import (
-	"crypto/tls"
-
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/ja3"
 )
 
-// Chromium sends separate client hello packets, but UQUIC has not yet implemented this behavior
-// The cronet without this behavior does not have version 115
-var uQUICChrome115 = &ja3.ClientHello{
-	Version:             tls.VersionTLS12,
-	CipherSuites:        []uint16{4865, 4866, 4867},
-	Extensions:          []uint16{0, 10, 13, 16, 27, 43, 45, 51, 57, 17513},
-	EllipticCurves:      []uint16{29, 23, 24},
-	SignatureAlgorithms: []uint16{1027, 2052, 1025, 1283, 2053, 1281, 2054, 1537, 513},
-}
+const (
+	// X25519Kyber768Draft00 - post-quantum curve used by Go crypto/tls
+	x25519Kyber768Draft00 uint16 = 0x11EC // 4588
+	// renegotiation_info extension used by Go crypto/tls
+	extensionRenegotiationInfo uint16 = 0xFF01 // 65281
+)
 
-func maybeUQUIC(fingerprint *ja3.ClientHello) bool {
-	if uQUICChrome115.Equals(fingerprint, true) {
-		return true
+// isQUICGo detects native quic-go by checking for Go crypto/tls specific features.
+// Note: uQUIC with Chromium mimicry cannot be reliably distinguished from real Chromium
+// since it uses the same TLS fingerprint, so it will be identified as Chromium.
+func isQUICGo(fingerprint *ja3.ClientHello) bool {
+	for _, curve := range fingerprint.EllipticCurves {
+		if curve == x25519Kyber768Draft00 {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	for _, ext := range fingerprint.Extensions {
+		if ext == extensionRenegotiationInfo {
+			return true
+		}
 	}
 	return false
 }

common/sniff/quic_capture_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+package sniff_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/quic-go"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/sniff"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestSniffQUICQuicGoFingerprint(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	const testSNI = "test.example.com"
+
+	udpConn, err := net.ListenUDP("udp", &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1), Port: 0})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer udpConn.Close()
+
+	serverAddr := udpConn.LocalAddr().(*net.UDPAddr)
+	packetsChan := make(chan [][]byte, 1)
+
+	go func() {
+		var packets [][]byte
+		udpConn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second))
+		for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+			buf := make([]byte, 2048)
+			n, _, err := udpConn.ReadFromUDP(buf)
+			if err != nil {
+				break
+			}
+			packets = append(packets, buf[:n])
+		}
+		packetsChan <- packets
+	}()
+
+	clientConn, err := net.ListenUDP("udp", &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1), Port: 0})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer clientConn.Close()
+
+	tlsConfig := &tls.Config{
+		ServerName:         testSNI,
+		InsecureSkipVerify: true,
+		NextProtos:         []string{"h3"},
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	_, _ = quic.Dial(ctx, clientConn, serverAddr, tlsConfig, &quic.Config{})
+
+	select {
+	case packets := <-packetsChan:
+		t.Logf("Captured %d packets", len(packets))
+
+		var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+		for i, pkt := range packets {
+			err := sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, pkt)
+			t.Logf("Packet %d: err=%v, domain=%s, client=%s", i, err, metadata.Domain, metadata.Client)
+			if metadata.Domain != "" {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		t.Logf("\n=== quic-go TLS Fingerprint Analysis ===")
+		t.Logf("Domain: %s", metadata.Domain)
+		t.Logf("Client: %s", metadata.Client)
+		t.Logf("Protocol: %s", metadata.Protocol)
+
+		// The client should be identified as quic-go, not chromium
+		// Current issue: it's being identified as chromium
+		if metadata.Client == "chromium" {
+			t.Log("WARNING: quic-go is being misidentified as chromium!")
+		}
+
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("Timeout")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSniffQUICInitialFromQuicGo(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const testSNI = "test.example.com"
+
+	// Create UDP listener to capture ALL initial packets
+	udpConn, err := net.ListenUDP("udp", &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1), Port: 0})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer udpConn.Close()
+
+	serverAddr := udpConn.LocalAddr().(*net.UDPAddr)
+
+	// Channel to receive captured packets
+	packetsChan := make(chan [][]byte, 1)
+
+	// Start goroutine to capture packets
+	go func() {
+		var packets [][]byte
+		udpConn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second))
+		for i := 0; i < 5; i++ { // Capture up to 5 packets
+			buf := make([]byte, 2048)
+			n, _, err := udpConn.ReadFromUDP(buf)
+			if err != nil {
+				break
+			}
+			packets = append(packets, buf[:n])
+		}
+		packetsChan <- packets
+	}()
+
+	// Create QUIC client connection (will fail but we capture the initial packet)
+	clientConn, err := net.ListenUDP("udp", &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1), Port: 0})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer clientConn.Close()
+
+	tlsConfig := &tls.Config{
+		ServerName:         testSNI,
+		InsecureSkipVerify: true,
+		NextProtos:         []string{"h3"},
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// This will fail (no server) but sends initial packet
+	_, _ = quic.Dial(ctx, clientConn, serverAddr, tlsConfig, &quic.Config{})
+
+	// Wait for captured packets
+	select {
+	case packets := <-packetsChan:
+		t.Logf("Captured %d QUIC packets", len(packets))
+
+		for i, packet := range packets {
+			t.Logf("Packet %d: length=%d, first 30 bytes: %x", i, len(packet), packet[:min(30, len(packet))])
+		}
+
+		// Test sniffer with first packet
+		if len(packets) > 0 {
+			var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+			err := sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, packets[0])
+
+			t.Logf("First packet sniff error: %v", err)
+			t.Logf("Protocol: %s", metadata.Protocol)
+			t.Logf("Domain: %s", metadata.Domain)
+			t.Logf("Client: %s", metadata.Client)
+
+			// If first packet needs more data, try with subsequent packets
+			// IMPORTANT: reuse metadata to accumulate CRYPTO fragments via SniffContext
+			if errors.Is(err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData) && len(packets) > 1 {
+				t.Log("First packet needs more data, trying subsequent packets with shared context...")
+				for i := 1; i < len(packets); i++ {
+					// Reuse same metadata to accumulate fragments
+					err = sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, packets[i])
+					t.Logf("Packet %d sniff result: err=%v, domain=%s, sniffCtx=%v", i, err, metadata.Domain, metadata.SniffContext != nil)
+					if metadata.Domain != "" || (err != nil && !errors.Is(err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)) {
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Print hex dump for debugging
+			t.Logf("First packet hex:\n%s", hex.Dump(packets[0][:min(256, len(packets[0]))]))
+
+			// Log final results
+			t.Logf("Final: Protocol=%s, Domain=%s, Client=%s", metadata.Protocol, metadata.Domain, metadata.Client)
+
+			// Verify SNI extraction
+			if metadata.Domain == "" {
+				t.Errorf("Failed to extract SNI, expected: %s", testSNI)
+			} else {
+				require.Equal(t, testSNI, metadata.Domain, "SNI should match")
+			}
+
+			// Check client identification - quic-go should be identified as quic-go, not chromium
+			t.Logf("Client identified as: %s (expected: quic-go)", metadata.Client)
+		}
+
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("Timeout waiting for QUIC packets")
+	}
+}

common/sniff/quic_test.go

@@ -12,6 +12,26 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
+func TestSniffQUICChromeNew(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	pkt, err := hex.DecodeString("ca0000000108e241a0c601413b4f004046006d8f15dae9999edf39d58df6762822b9a2ab996d7f6a10044338af3b51b1814bc4ac0fa5a87c34c6ae604af8cabc5957c5240174deefc8e378719ffdab2ae4e15bf4514bea4489ad89c322f75f9a383c90d126a0b21104cb519c2bb32e6a134e86896452e942b26c519b8c7ac9e4c99fae5e1f65cf08fb98443b30e4567932e8fb0789820d8f33037b59ac8113530258c9467dfb52489396dae01f099d28b234efa107fa411f2a1ffa2abe74988e03d662d4296024e95ce0fe1671724937157f77b84990478a2d4060676cf0827b4e8c600654111750414dafa0cccb332f3020c2922a015f445df5edc9c7d2d1ceea9fddcc9ff821c9183aa39a70da20fcc057579e1051c1c899148d6cf9d08b4919822082d040d1ce03ca4f216be6cb7ef03db6df0993ef1ccce5c8c648980554f41704526e1809d2545739f5872e75ec797db1c99f5682e2eda9363cb32aa367b7b363c782ddbacf874183cc15c8a2db068dd4093eebdd096ad33832a7939deb0a872279744f5a56dc001ba62fac973bf680f3b362bdd336add4dd102f462b773bf70bfce1921070a802a92025273a177186d1a643081b42175eb789ccddadb71033ef4feacbf6fd282ab622cf61669d73cda559e411c6ccdd8f003443b6933b7729b7a357aa4aa2fba0f365f829a4d497afb5dc2648a53bc9f3e786d955069d0a4781088a5463747dfe9958ea19ea444eae947ec6a67640955f710f93640084f3fbb8ad259b68dbc0ee0b7fab2d81bffd83ed8a6d33522dbfef43bec0a0fb4bdf1cb712dc4ced0680c0687fa240fd157baa232b1c84e14adce6421cf9270f9b3972f98fc67b344b8a4f1fb551e26f7f76d484ed9f8197f231dc5d9a44cc0ddce73d7f810a620851f4e97eb5037ab5135d7c3be5b80cc32d19910b8387aca64c93c02dc3e35238b78e6aff470722078982e58802844932b6041446bfdcc97ba640cbb86721bcd0f40f27b77aa6287ce5674ec1720134b9302875482c3269787e004b9edb483d44f326eef38c0e83cb46af96488c2e696bc2524567fb29c1e8edcd5a73615496d172d46a9d29e0505c0018b7bbb00165eca0389e09c4b1d73b6cc4a2f735a720650134a2e98e8105e20695cf231b92586237dfe0f99c897414e51c21627496276535f07abb53fb2b554376fe520fa45a3e944fd91dfe7a72aead08842b6b63d8edf861fb911954c83bd9a896eb9da4af5eff646455069d747facd4e77c254096843bff7c3e9031dbdf8dc37ea45f1122922fcbc322ec1378f3c7c1af0da62e1052e6210f1b23073f93a82d90e14cb20bc4501d487a1c848674d57a7c269b13590b3a99d8b8b4f6d0dfbd1d2cbbe7a32c0d5c84ae7ec438b0b19f3862d8fabaa828d06c7e3c6967405cd56a1ae90f38633e2ee0e3ecfca3df399fe12f029e0860a1a30da010300d0c94f0bf56091d00011488c1429928b21c739ebf50ba8be91116315d3173f6d2c56735722478c4d74392ba84d1727036b3d64e8c2263b0f33cb8086be587ca6b3940259c06afa2683868856529303ae12e91d7ca874568be7f2bfaa0656dfab0ed31ed90eaea10fb7f3433ec59a334abe6211d547fa0c825ac45d3691e749d15432008de83e9f6d98f368359137ae803d9189b3386f800c7c0cf4b615d1983cf82d9981a8105b60a80fe66c9b0d439b5ba153dd19e9e7483a01cf3b02b4597540b38e658d4eb8455e030b2bf2690bdd78c23f16fe5")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, pkt)
+	require.Equal(t, metadata.Protocol, C.ProtocolQUIC)
+	require.Empty(t, metadata.Client)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+	pkt, err = hex.DecodeString("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")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, pkt)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+	pkt, err = hex.DecodeString("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")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, pkt)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, "www.google.com", metadata.Domain)
+}
+
 func TestSniffQUICChromium(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	pkt, err := hex.DecodeString("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")
@@ -19,8 +39,8 @@ func TestSniffQUICChromium(t *testing.T) {
 	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
 	err = sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, pkt)
 	require.Equal(t, metadata.Protocol, C.ProtocolQUIC)
-	require.Equal(t, metadata.Client, C.ClientChromium)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrClientHelloFragmented)
+	require.Empty(t, metadata.Client)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
 	pkt, err = hex.DecodeString("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")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	err = sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, pkt)
@@ -36,7 +56,7 @@ func TestSniffUQUICChrome115(t *testing.T) {
 	err = sniff.QUICClientHello(context.Background(), &metadata, pkt)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, metadata.Protocol, C.ProtocolQUIC)
-	require.Equal(t, metadata.Client, C.ClientQUICGo)
+	require.Equal(t, metadata.Client, C.ClientChromium)
 	require.Equal(t, metadata.Domain, "www.google.com")
 }
 

common/sniff/rdp.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/rw"
 )
 
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ func RDP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader)
 	var tpktVersion uint8
 	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &tpktVersion)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 	if tpktVersion != 0x03 {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ func RDP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader)
 	var tpktReserved uint8
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &tpktReserved)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 	if tpktReserved != 0x00 {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ func RDP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader)
 	var tpktLength uint16
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &tpktLength)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 
 	if tpktLength != 19 {
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ func RDP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader)
 	var cotpLength uint8
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &cotpLength)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 
 	if cotpLength != 14 {
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ func RDP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader)
 	var cotpTpduType uint8
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &cotpTpduType)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 	if cotpTpduType != 0xE0 {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
@@ -61,13 +62,13 @@ func RDP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader)
 
 	err = rw.SkipN(reader, 5)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 
 	var rdpType uint8
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &rdpType)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 	if rdpType != 0x01 {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
@@ -75,12 +76,12 @@ func RDP(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader)
 	var rdpFlags uint8
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &rdpFlags)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 	var rdpLength uint8
 	err = binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &rdpLength)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
 	}
 	if rdpLength != 8 {
 		return os.ErrInvalid

common/sniff/sniff.go

@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@ package sniff
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/buf"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 )
@@ -18,6 +20,8 @@ type (
 	PacketSniffer = func(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, packet []byte) error
 )
 
+var ErrNeedMoreData = E.New("need more data")
+
 func Skip(metadata *adapter.InboundContext) bool {
 	// skip server first protocols
 	switch metadata.Destination.Port {
@@ -34,12 +38,12 @@ func Skip(metadata *adapter.InboundContext) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func PeekStream(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, conn net.Conn, buffer *buf.Buffer, timeout time.Duration, sniffers ...StreamSniffer) error {
+func PeekStream(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, conn net.Conn, buffers []*buf.Buffer, buffer *buf.Buffer, timeout time.Duration, sniffers ...StreamSniffer) error {
 	if timeout == 0 {
 		timeout = C.ReadPayloadTimeout
 	}
 	deadline := time.Now().Add(timeout)
-	var errors []error
+	var sniffError error
 	for i := 0; ; i++ {
 		err := conn.SetReadDeadline(deadline)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -53,26 +57,32 @@ func PeekStream(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, conn net.
 			}
 			return E.Cause(err, "read payload")
 		}
-		errors = nil
+		sniffError = nil
 		for _, sniffer := range sniffers {
-			err = sniffer(ctx, metadata, bytes.NewReader(buffer.Bytes()))
+			reader := io.MultiReader(common.Map(append(buffers, buffer), func(it *buf.Buffer) io.Reader {
+				return bytes.NewReader(it.Bytes())
+			})...)
+			err = sniffer(ctx, metadata, reader)
 			if err == nil {
 				return nil
 			}
-			errors = append(errors, err)
+			sniffError = E.Errors(sniffError, err)
+		}
+		if !errors.Is(sniffError, ErrNeedMoreData) {
+			break
 		}
 	}
-	return E.Errors(errors...)
+	return sniffError
 }
 
 func PeekPacket(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, packet []byte, sniffers ...PacketSniffer) error {
-	var errors []error
+	var sniffError []error
 	for _, sniffer := range sniffers {
 		err := sniffer(ctx, metadata, packet)
 		if err == nil {
 			return nil
 		}
-		errors = append(errors, err)
+		sniffError = append(sniffError, err)
 	}
-	return E.Errors(errors...)
+	return E.Errors(sniffError...)
 }

common/sniff/ssh.go

@@ -5,22 +5,27 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"io"
 	"os"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 )
 
 func SSH(_ context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader) error {
-	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(reader)
-	if !scanner.Scan() {
+	const sshPrefix = "SSH-2.0-"
+	bReader := bufio.NewReader(reader)
+	prefix, err := bReader.Peek(len(sshPrefix))
+	if string(prefix[:]) != sshPrefix[:len(prefix)] {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	fistLine := scanner.Text()
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(fistLine, "SSH-2.0-") {
-		return os.ErrInvalid
+	if err != nil {
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
+	}
+	fistLine, _, err := bReader.ReadLine()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	metadata.Protocol = C.ProtocolSSH
-	metadata.Client = fistLine[8:]
+	metadata.Client = string(fistLine)[8:]
 	return nil
 }

common/sniff/ssh_test.go

@@ -24,3 +24,24 @@ func TestSniffSSH(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, C.ProtocolSSH, metadata.Protocol)
 	require.Equal(t, "dropbear", metadata.Client)
 }
+
+func TestSniffIncompleteSSH(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	pkt, err := hex.DecodeString("5353482d322e30")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.SSH(context.TODO(), &metadata, bytes.NewReader(pkt))
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+}
+
+func TestSniffNotSSH(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	pkt, err := hex.DecodeString("5353482d322e31")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var metadata adapter.InboundContext
+	err = sniff.SSH(context.TODO(), &metadata, bytes.NewReader(pkt))
+	require.NotEmpty(t, err)
+	require.NotErrorIs(t, err, sniff.ErrNeedMoreData)
+}

common/sniff/tls.go

@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@ package sniff
 import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
+	"errors"
 	"io"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 )
 
 func TLSClientHello(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reader io.Reader) error {
@@ -23,5 +25,9 @@ func TLSClientHello(ctx context.Context, metadata *adapter.InboundContext, reade
 		metadata.Domain = clientHello.ServerName
 		return nil
 	}
-	return err
+	if errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
+		return E.Cause1(ErrNeedMoreData, err)
+	} else {
+		return err
+	}
 }

common/srs/binary.go

@@ -215,16 +215,15 @@ func readDefaultRule(reader varbin.Reader, recover bool) (rule option.DefaultHea
 		case ruleItemWIFIBSSID:
 			rule.WIFIBSSID, err = readRuleItemString(reader)
 		case ruleItemAdGuardDomain:
-			if recover {
-				err = E.New("unable to decompile binary AdGuard rules to rule-set")
-				return
-			}
 			var matcher *domain.AdGuardMatcher
 			matcher, err = domain.ReadAdGuardMatcher(reader)
 			if err != nil {
 				return
 			}
 			rule.AdGuardDomainMatcher = matcher
+			if recover {
+				rule.AdGuardDomain = matcher.Dump()
+			}
 		case ruleItemNetworkType:
 			rule.NetworkType, err = readRuleItemUint8[option.InterfaceType](reader)
 		case ruleItemNetworkIsExpensive:

common/tls/acme.go

@@ -5,18 +5,18 @@ package tls
 import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
-	"os"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/certmagic"
 	"github.com/libdns/alidns"
 	"github.com/libdns/cloudflare"
-	"github.com/mholt/acmez/acme"
+	"github.com/mholt/acmez/v3/acme"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	"go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
 )
@@ -37,7 +37,38 @@ func (w *acmeWrapper) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func startACME(ctx context.Context, options option.InboundACMEOptions) (*tls.Config, adapter.Service, error) {
+type acmeLogWriter struct {
+	logger logger.Logger
+}
+
+func (w *acmeLogWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	logLine := strings.ReplaceAll(string(p), "	", ": ")
+	switch {
+	case strings.HasPrefix(logLine, "error: "):
+		w.logger.Error(logLine[7:])
+	case strings.HasPrefix(logLine, "warn: "):
+		w.logger.Warn(logLine[6:])
+	case strings.HasPrefix(logLine, "info: "):
+		w.logger.Info(logLine[6:])
+	case strings.HasPrefix(logLine, "debug: "):
+		w.logger.Debug(logLine[7:])
+	default:
+		w.logger.Debug(logLine)
+	}
+	return len(p), nil
+}
+
+func (w *acmeLogWriter) Sync() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func encoderConfig() zapcore.EncoderConfig {
+	config := zap.NewProductionEncoderConfig()
+	config.TimeKey = zapcore.OmitKey
+	return config
+}
+
+func startACME(ctx context.Context, logger logger.Logger, options option.InboundACMEOptions) (*tls.Config, adapter.SimpleLifecycle, error) {
 	var acmeServer string
 	switch options.Provider {
 	case "", "letsencrypt":
@@ -58,14 +89,15 @@ func startACME(ctx context.Context, options option.InboundACMEOptions) (*tls.Con
 	} else {
 		storage = certmagic.Default.Storage
 	}
+	zapLogger := zap.New(zapcore.NewCore(
+		zapcore.NewConsoleEncoder(encoderConfig()),
+		&acmeLogWriter{logger: logger},
+		zap.DebugLevel,
+	))
 	config := &certmagic.Config{
 		DefaultServerName: options.DefaultServerName,
 		Storage:           storage,
-		Logger: zap.New(zapcore.NewCore(
-			zapcore.NewConsoleEncoder(zap.NewProductionEncoderConfig()),
-			os.Stderr,
-			zap.InfoLevel,
-		)),
+		Logger:            zapLogger,
 	}
 	acmeConfig := certmagic.ACMEIssuer{
 		CA:                      acmeServer,
@@ -75,7 +107,7 @@ func startACME(ctx context.Context, options option.InboundACMEOptions) (*tls.Con
 		DisableTLSALPNChallenge: options.DisableTLSALPNChallenge,
 		AltHTTPPort:             int(options.AlternativeHTTPPort),
 		AltTLSALPNPort:          int(options.AlternativeTLSPort),
-		Logger:                  config.Logger,
+		Logger:                  zapLogger,
 	}
 	if dnsOptions := options.DNS01Challenge; dnsOptions != nil && dnsOptions.Provider != "" {
 		var solver certmagic.DNS01Solver
@@ -103,6 +135,7 @@ func startACME(ctx context.Context, options option.InboundACMEOptions) (*tls.Con
 		GetConfigForCert: func(certificate certmagic.Certificate) (*certmagic.Config, error) {
 			return config, nil
 		},
+		Logger: zapLogger,
 	})
 	config = certmagic.New(cache, *config)
 	var tlsConfig *tls.Config

common/tls/acme_stub.go

@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 )
 
-func startACME(ctx context.Context, options option.InboundACMEOptions) (*tls.Config, adapter.Service, error) {
+func startACME(ctx context.Context, logger logger.Logger, options option.InboundACMEOptions) (*tls.Config, adapter.SimpleLifecycle, error) {
 	return nil, nil, E.New(`ACME is not included in this build, rebuild with -tags with_acme`)
 }

common/tls/client.go

@@ -29,15 +29,12 @@ func NewClient(ctx context.Context, serverAddress string, options option.Outboun
 	if !options.Enabled {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
-	if options.ECH != nil && options.ECH.Enabled {
-		return NewECHClient(ctx, serverAddress, options)
-	} else if options.Reality != nil && options.Reality.Enabled {
+	if options.Reality != nil && options.Reality.Enabled {
 		return NewRealityClient(ctx, serverAddress, options)
 	} else if options.UTLS != nil && options.UTLS.Enabled {
 		return NewUTLSClient(ctx, serverAddress, options)
-	} else {
-		return NewSTDClient(ctx, serverAddress, options)
 	}
+	return NewSTDClient(ctx, serverAddress, options)
 }
 
 func ClientHandshake(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, config Config) (Conn, error) {
@@ -56,26 +53,48 @@ func ClientHandshake(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, config Config) (Conn, e
 	return tlsConn, nil
 }
 
-type Dialer struct {
+type Dialer interface {
+	N.Dialer
+	DialTLSContext(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (Conn, error)
+}
+
+type defaultDialer struct {
 	dialer N.Dialer
 	config Config
 }
 
-func NewDialer(dialer N.Dialer, config Config) N.Dialer {
-	return &Dialer{dialer, config}
+func NewDialer(dialer N.Dialer, config Config) Dialer {
+	return &defaultDialer{dialer, config}
 }
 
-func (d *Dialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
-	if network != N.NetworkTCP {
+func (d *defaultDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
+	if N.NetworkName(network) != N.NetworkTCP {
 		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	conn, err := d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
+	return d.DialTLSContext(ctx, destination)
+}
+
+func (d *defaultDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+}
+
+func (d *defaultDialer) DialTLSContext(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (Conn, error) {
+	return d.dialContext(ctx, destination)
+}
+
+func (d *defaultDialer) dialContext(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (Conn, error) {
+	conn, err := d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, N.NetworkTCP, destination)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return ClientHandshake(ctx, conn, d.config)
+	tlsConn, err := aTLS.ClientHandshake(ctx, conn, d.config)
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return tlsConn, nil
 }
 
-func (d *Dialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	return nil, os.ErrInvalid
+func (d *defaultDialer) Upstream() any {
+	return d.dialer
 }