Add NDIS inbound

documentation: Bump version
Fix tests
2026-04-12 01:57:18 +10:00 · 2025-01-03 18:38:04 +08:00 · 2025-01-02 15:24:08 +08:00 · 2025-01-02 15:24:08 +08:00 · 2025-01-02 15:22:52 +08:00 · 2025-01-02 15:22:52 +08:00
633 changed files with 10761 additions and 46863 deletions
--- a/.fpm_openwrt
+++ b/.fpm_openwrt
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-s dir
--name sing-box
--category net
--license GPL-3.0-or-later
--description "The universal proxy platform."
--url "https://sing-box.sagernet.org/"
--maintainer "nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
--no-deb-generate-changes
-
--config-files /etc/config/sing-box
--config-files /etc/sing-box/config.json
-
--depends ca-bundle
--depends kmod-inet-diag
--depends kmod-tun
--depends firewall4
-
--before-remove release/config/openwrt.prerm
-
-release/config/config.json=/etc/sing-box/config.json
-
-release/config/openwrt.conf=/etc/config/sing-box
-release/config/openwrt.init=/etc/init.d/sing-box
-release/config/openwrt.keep=/lib/upgrade/keep.d/sing-box
-
-release/completions/sing-box.bash=/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
-release/completions/sing-box.fish=/usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
-release/completions/sing-box.zsh=/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
-
-LICENSE=/usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE
--- a/.fpm_systemd
+++ b/.fpm_systemd
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-s dir
--name sing-box
--category net
--license GPL-3.0-or-later
--description "The universal proxy platform."
--url "https://sing-box.sagernet.org/"
--maintainer "nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
--deb-field "Bug: https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/issues"
--no-deb-generate-changes
--config-files /etc/sing-box/config.json
--after-install release/config/sing-box.postinst
-
-release/config/config.json=/etc/sing-box/config.json
-
-release/config/sing-box.service=/usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box.service
-release/config/sing-box@.service=/usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box@.service
-release/config/sing-box.sysusers=/usr/lib/sysusers.d/sing-box.conf
-release/config/sing-box.rules=usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/sing-box.rules
-release/config/sing-box-split-dns.xml=/usr/share/dbus-1/system.d/sing-box-split-dns.conf
-
-release/completions/sing-box.bash=/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
-release/completions/sing-box.fish=/usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
-release/completions/sing-box.zsh=/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
-
-LICENSE=/usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE
--- a/.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION
+++ b/.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-446096b34fb07e86541d927be26f8e5c42d41b4a
--- a/.github/deb2ipk.sh
+++ b/.github/deb2ipk.sh
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# mod from https://gist.github.com/pldubouilh/c5703052986bfdd404005951dee54683
-
-set -e -o pipefail
-
-PROJECT=$(dirname "$0")/../..
-TMP_PATH=`mktemp -d`
-cp $2 $TMP_PATH
-pushd $TMP_PATH
-
-DEB_NAME=`ls *.deb`
-ar x $DEB_NAME
-
-mkdir control
-pushd control
-tar xf ../control.tar.gz
-rm md5sums
-sed "s/Architecture:\\ \w*/Architecture:\\ $1/g" ./control -i
-cat control
-tar czf ../control.tar.gz ./*
-popd
-
-DEB_NAME=${DEB_NAME%.deb}
-tar czf $DEB_NAME.ipk control.tar.gz data.tar.gz debian-binary
-popd
-
-cp $TMP_PATH/$DEB_NAME.ipk $3
-rm -r $TMP_PATH
--- a/.github/setup_go_for_windows7.sh
+++ b/.github/setup_go_for_windows7.sh
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-VERSION="1.25.5"
-
-mkdir -p $HOME/go
-cd $HOME/go
-wget "https://dl.google.com/go/go${VERSION}.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
-tar -xzf "go${VERSION}.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
-mv go go_win7
-cd go_win7
-
-# modify from https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/4636#issuecomment-1896455557
-# this patch file only works on golang1.25.x
-# that means after golang1.26 release it must be changed
-# see: https://github.com/MetaCubeX/go/commits/release-branch.go1.25/
-# revert:
-# 693def151adff1af707d82d28f55dba81ceb08e1: "crypto/rand,runtime: switch RtlGenRandom for ProcessPrng"
-# 7c1157f9544922e96945196b47b95664b1e39108: "net: remove sysSocket fallback for Windows 7"
-# 48042aa09c2f878c4faa576948b07fe625c4707a: "syscall: remove Windows 7 console handle workaround"
-# a17d959debdb04cd550016a3501dd09d50cd62e7: "runtime: always use LoadLibraryEx to load system libraries"
-
-alias curl='curl -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"'
-
-curl https://github.com/MetaCubeX/go/commit/8cb5472d94c34b88733a81091bd328e70ee565a4.diff | patch --verbose -p 1
-curl https://github.com/MetaCubeX/go/commit/6788c4c6f9fafb56729bad6b660f7ee2272d699f.diff | patch --verbose -p 1
-curl https://github.com/MetaCubeX/go/commit/a5b2168bb836ed9d6601c626f95e56c07923f906.diff | patch --verbose -p 1
-curl https://github.com/MetaCubeX/go/commit/f56f1e23507e646c85243a71bde7b9629b2f970c.diff | patch --verbose -p 1
--- a/.github/update_cronet.sh
+++ b/.github/update_cronet.sh
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-set -e -o pipefail
-
-SCRIPT_DIR=$(dirname "$0")
-PROJECTS=$SCRIPT_DIR/../..
-
-git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go fetch origin main
-git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go fetch origin go
-go get -x github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/all@$(git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go rev-parse origin/go)
-go get -x github.com/sagernet/cronet-go@$(git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go rev-parse origin/go)
-go mod tidy
-git -C $PROJECTS/cronet-go rev-parse origin/HEAD > "$SCRIPT_DIR/CRONET_GO_VERSION"
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -40,22 +40,22 @@ jobs:
      version: ${{ steps.outputs.outputs.version }}
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
      - name: Setup Go
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.5
+          go-version: ^1.23
      - name: Check input version
        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
        run: |-
-          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}"
+          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}" 
          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
      - name: Calculate version
        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
        run: |-
-          go run -v ./cmd/internal/read_tag --ci --nightly
+          go run -v ./cmd/internal/read_tag --nightly
      - name: Set outputs
        id: outputs
        run: |-
@@ -69,497 +69,141 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        include:
-          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, variant: purego, naive: true, openwrt: "x86_64" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, variant: glibc, naive: true }
-          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, variant: musl, naive: true, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64, openwrt: "x86_64" }
-
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, variant: purego, naive: true, openwrt: "aarch64_cortex-a53 aarch64_cortex-a72 aarch64_cortex-a76 aarch64_generic" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, variant: glibc, naive: true }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, variant: musl, naive: true, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64, openwrt: "aarch64_cortex-a53 aarch64_cortex-a72 aarch64_cortex-a76 aarch64_generic" }
-
-          - { os: linux, arch: "386", go386: sse2, openwrt: "i386_pentium4" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: "386", variant: glibc, naive: true, go386: sse2 }
-          - { os: linux, arch: "386", variant: musl, naive: true, go386: sse2, debian: i386, rpm: i386, openwrt: "i386_pentium4" }
-
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "7", openwrt: "arm_cortex-a5_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_neon-vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a8_vfpv3 arm_cortex-a9_neon arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3-d16 arm_cortex-a15_neon-vfpv4" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, variant: glibc, naive: true, goarm: "7" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, variant: musl, naive: true, goarm: "7", debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl, openwrt: "arm_cortex-a5_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_neon-vfpv4 arm_cortex-a7_vfpv4 arm_cortex-a8_vfpv3 arm_cortex-a9_neon arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3-d16 arm_cortex-a15_neon-vfpv4" }
-
-          - { os: linux, arch: "386", go386: softfloat, openwrt: "i386_pentium-mmx" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "5", openwrt: "arm_arm926ej-s arm_cortex-a7 arm_cortex-a9 arm_fa526 arm_xscale" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "6", debian: armel, rpm: armv6hl, openwrt: "arm_arm1176jzf-s_vfp" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mips, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mips_24kc mips_4kec mips_mips32" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, gomips: hardfloat, debian: mipsel, rpm: mipsel, openwrt: "mipsel_24kc_24kf" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mipsel_24kc mipsel_74kc mipsel_mips32" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mips64, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mips64_mips64r2 mips64_octeonplus" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mips64le, gomips: hardfloat, debian: mips64el, rpm: mips64el }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mips64le, gomips: softfloat, openwrt: "mips64el_mips64r2" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: s390x, debian: s390x, rpm: s390x }
-          - { os: linux, arch: ppc64le, debian: ppc64el, rpm: ppc64le }
-          - { os: linux, arch: riscv64, debian: riscv64, rpm: riscv64, openwrt: "riscv64_generic" }
-          - { os: linux, arch: loong64, debian: loongarch64, rpm: loongarch64, openwrt: "loongarch64_generic" }
-
-          - { os: windows, arch: amd64, legacy_win7: true, legacy_name: "windows-7" }
-          - { os: windows, arch: "386", legacy_win7: true, legacy_name: "windows-7" }
-
-          - { os: android, arch: arm64, ndk: "aarch64-linux-android21" }
-          - { os: android, arch: arm, ndk: "armv7a-linux-androideabi21" }
-          - { os: android, arch: amd64, ndk: "x86_64-linux-android21" }
-          - { os: android, arch: "386", ndk: "i686-linux-android21" }
+          - name: linux_386
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: 386
+          - name: linux_amd64
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: amd64
+          - name: linux_arm64
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: arm64
+          - name: linux_arm
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: arm
+            goarm: 6
+          - name: linux_arm_v7
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: arm
+            goarm: 7
+          - name: linux_s390x
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: s390x
+          - name: linux_riscv64
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: riscv64
+          - name: linux_mips64le
+            goos: linux
+            goarch: mips64le
+          - name: windows_amd64
+            goos: windows
+            goarch: amd64
+            require_legacy_go: true
+          - name: windows_386
+            goos: windows
+            goarch: 386
+            require_legacy_go: true
+          - name: windows_arm64
+            goos: windows
+            goarch: arm64
+          - name: darwin_arm64
+            goos: darwin
+            goarch: arm64
+          - name: darwin_amd64
+            goos: darwin
+            goarch: amd64
+            require_legacy_go: true
+          - name: android_arm64
+            goos: android
+            goarch: arm64
+          - name: android_arm
+            goos: android
+            goarch: arm
+            goarm: 7
+          - name: android_amd64
+            goos: android
+            goarch: amd64
+          - name: android_386
+            goos: android
+            goarch: 386
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
      - name: Setup Go
-        if: ${{ ! (matrix.legacy_win7 || matrix.legacy_go124) }}
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.5
-      - name: Setup Go 1.24
-        if: matrix.legacy_go124
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ~1.24.10
-      - name: Cache Go for Windows 7
-        if: matrix.legacy_win7
-        id: cache-go-for-windows7
+          go-version: ^1.23
+      - name: Cache legacy Go
+        if: matrix.require_legacy_go
+        id: cache-legacy-go
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
          path: |
-            ~/go/go_win7
-          key: go_win7_1255
-      - name: Setup Go for Windows 7
-        if: matrix.legacy_win7 && steps.cache-go-for-windows7.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+            ~/go/go1.20.14
+          key: go120
+      - name: Setup legacy Go
+        if: matrix.require_legacy_go == 'true' && steps.cache-legacy-go.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
        run: |-
-          .github/setup_go_for_windows7.sh
-      - name: Setup Go for Windows 7
-        if: matrix.legacy_win7
-        run: |-
-          echo "PATH=$HOME/go/go_win7/bin:$PATH" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "GOROOT=$HOME/go/go_win7" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          wget https://dl.google.com/go/go1.20.14.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+          tar -xzf go1.20.14.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+          mv go $HOME/go/go1.20.14
      - name: Setup Android NDK
-        if: matrix.os == 'android'
+        if: matrix.goos == 'android'
        uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
        with:
-          ndk-version: r28
+          ndk-version: r28-beta2
          local-cache: true
-      - name: Clone cronet-go
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          CRONET_GO_VERSION=$(cat .github/CRONET_GO_VERSION)
-          git init ~/cronet-go
-          git -C ~/cronet-go remote add origin https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go.git
-          git -C ~/cronet-go fetch --depth=1 origin "$CRONET_GO_VERSION"
-          git -C ~/cronet-go checkout FETCH_HEAD
-          git -C ~/cronet-go submodule update --init --recursive --depth=1
-      - name: Cache Chromium toolchain
-        if: matrix.naive
-        id: cache-chromium-toolchain
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+      - name: Setup Goreleaser
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts
-            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/out/sysroot-build
-          key: chromium-toolchain-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.variant }}-${{ hashFiles('.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION') }}
-      - name: Download Chromium toolchain
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd ~/cronet-go
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
-            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl download-toolchain
-          else
-            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} download-toolchain
-          fi
-      - name: Set Chromium toolchain environment
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd ~/cronet-go
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
-            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl env >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          else
-            go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} env >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          fi
+          distribution: goreleaser-pro
+          version: latest
+          install-only: true
+      - name: Extract signing key
+        run: |-
+          mkdir -p $HOME/.gnupg
+          cat > $HOME/.gnupg/sagernet.key <<EOF
+          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
+          EOF
+          echo "HOME=$HOME" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
      - name: Set tag
        run: |-
          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
-      - name: Set build tags
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.naive }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound"
-          fi
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "purego" ]]; then
-            TAGS="${TAGS},with_purego"
-          elif [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
-            TAGS="${TAGS},with_musl"
-          fi
-          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Build (purego)
-        if: matrix.variant == 'purego'
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
+      - name: Build
+        if: matrix.goos != 'android'
+        run: |-
+          goreleaser release --clean --split
        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
-          GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
-          GOMIPS: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
-          GOMIPS64: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Extract libcronet.so
-        if: matrix.variant == 'purego' && matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          cd ~/cronet-go
-          CGO_ENABLED=0 go run -v ./cmd/build-naive extract-lib --target ${{ matrix.os }}/${{ matrix.arch }} -o $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/dist
-      - name: Build (glibc)
-        if: matrix.variant == 'glibc'
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
-          GOOS: linux
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
+          GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}
+          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
+          GOPATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/go
          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Build (musl)
-        if: matrix.variant == 'musl'
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
-          GOOS: linux
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Build (non-variant)
-        if: matrix.os != 'android' && matrix.variant == ''
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
-          GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GO386: ${{ matrix.go386 }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
-          GOMIPS: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
-          GOMIPS64: ${{ matrix.gomips }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
+          NFPM_KEY_PATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/.gnupg/sagernet.key
+          NFPM_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
      - name: Build Android
-        if: matrix.os == 'android'
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
+        if: matrix.goos == 'android'
+        run: |-
          go install -v ./cmd/internal/build
-          export CC='${{ matrix.ndk }}-clang'
-          export CXX="${CC}++"
-          mkdir -p dist
-          GOOS=$BUILD_GOOS GOARCH=$BUILD_GOARCH build go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
+          GOOS=$BUILD_GOOS GOARCH=$BUILD_GOARCH build goreleaser release --clean --split
        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
-          BUILD_GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
-          BUILD_GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          BUILD_GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}
+          BUILD_GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
+          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Set name
-        run: |-
-          DIR_NAME="sing-box-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}"
-          if [[ -n "${{ matrix.goarm }}" ]]; then
-            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}v${{ matrix.goarm }}"
-          elif [[ -n "${{ matrix.go386 }}" && "${{ matrix.go386 }}" != 'sse2' ]]; then
-            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-${{ matrix.go386 }}"
-          elif [[ -n "${{ matrix.gomips }}" && "${{ matrix.gomips }}" != 'hardfloat' ]]; then
-            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-${{ matrix.gomips }}"
-          elif [[ -n "${{ matrix.legacy_name }}" ]]; then
-            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-legacy-${{ matrix.legacy_name }}"
-          fi
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "glibc" ]]; then
-            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-glibc"
-          elif [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
-            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-musl"
-          fi
-          echo "DIR_NAME=${DIR_NAME}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-          PKG_VERSION="${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}"
-          PKG_VERSION="${PKG_VERSION//-/\~}"
-          echo "PKG_VERSION=${PKG_VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Package DEB
-        if: matrix.debian != ''
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          sudo gem install fpm
-          sudo apt-get update
-          sudo apt-get install -y debsigs
-          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
-          fpm -t deb \
-            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
-            -p "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.debian }}.deb" \
-            --architecture ${{ matrix.debian }} \
-            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
-          curl -Lo '/tmp/debsigs.diff' 'https://gitlab.com/debsigs/debsigs/-/commit/160138f5de1ec110376d3c807b60a37388bc7c90.diff'
-          sudo patch /usr/bin/debsigs < '/tmp/debsigs.diff'
-          rm -rf $HOME/.gnupg
-          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
-          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
-          EOF
-          debsigs --sign=origin -k ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }} --gpgopts '--pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}"' dist/*.deb
-      - name: Package RPM
-        if: matrix.rpm != ''
-        run: |-
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          sudo gem install fpm
-          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
-          fpm -t rpm \
-            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
-            -p "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.rpm }}.rpm" \
-            --architecture ${{ matrix.rpm }} \
-            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
-          cat > $HOME/.rpmmacros <<EOF
-          %_gpg_name ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }}
-          %_gpg_sign_cmd_extra_args --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
-          EOF
-          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
-          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
-          EOF
-          rpmsign --addsign dist/*.rpm
-      - name: Package Pacman
-        if: matrix.pacman != ''
-        run: |-
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          sudo gem install fpm
-          sudo apt-get update
-          sudo apt-get install -y libarchive-tools
-          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
-          fpm -t pacman \
-            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
-            -p "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.pacman }}.pkg.tar.zst" \
-            --architecture ${{ matrix.pacman }} \
-            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
-      - name: Package OpenWrt
-        if: matrix.openwrt != ''
-        run: |-
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          sudo gem install fpm
-          cp .fpm_openwrt .fpm
-          fpm -t deb \
-            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
-            -p "dist/openwrt.deb" \
-            --architecture all \
-            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
-          SUFFIX=""
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.variant }}" == "musl" ]]; then
-            SUFFIX="_musl"
-          fi
-          for architecture in ${{ matrix.openwrt }}; do
-            .github/deb2ipk.sh "$architecture" "dist/openwrt.deb" "dist/sing-box_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_openwrt_${architecture}${SUFFIX}.ipk"
-          done
-          rm "dist/openwrt.deb"
-      - name: Archive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd dist
-          mkdir -p "${DIR_NAME}"
-          cp ../LICENSE "${DIR_NAME}"
-          if [ '${{ matrix.os }}' = 'windows' ]; then
-            cp sing-box "${DIR_NAME}/sing-box.exe"
-            zip -r "${DIR_NAME}.zip" "${DIR_NAME}"
-          else
-            cp sing-box "${DIR_NAME}"
-            if [ -f libcronet.so ]; then
-              cp libcronet.so "${DIR_NAME}"
-            fi
-            tar -czvf "${DIR_NAME}.tar.gz" "${DIR_NAME}"
-          fi
-          rm -r "${DIR_NAME}"
-      - name: Cleanup
-        run: rm -f dist/sing-box dist/libcronet.so
+          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
+          NFPM_KEY_PATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/.gnupg/sagernet.key
+          NFPM_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
      - name: Upload artifact
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: binary-${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.goarm && format('v{0}', matrix.goarm) }}${{ matrix.go386 && format('_{0}', matrix.go386) }}${{ matrix.gomips && format('_{0}', matrix.gomips) }}${{ matrix.legacy_name && format('-legacy-{0}', matrix.legacy_name) }}${{ matrix.variant && format('-{0}', matrix.variant) }}
-          path: "dist"
-  build_darwin:
-    name: Build Darwin binaries
-    if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary'
-    runs-on: macos-latest
-    needs:
-      - calculate_version
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          - { arch: amd64 }
-          - { arch: arm64 }
-          - { arch: amd64, legacy_go124: true, legacy_name: "macos-11" }
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Setup Go
-        if: ${{ ! matrix.legacy_go124 }}
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.3
-      - name: Setup Go 1.24
-        if: matrix.legacy_go124
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ~1.24.6
-      - name: Set tag
-        run: |-
-          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
-      - name: Set build tags
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.legacy_go124 }}" != "true" ]]; then
-            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound"
-          fi
-          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Build
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
-          GOOS: darwin
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Set name
-        run: |-
-          DIR_NAME="sing-box-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-darwin-${{ matrix.arch }}"
-          if [[ -n "${{ matrix.legacy_name }}" ]]; then
-            DIR_NAME="${DIR_NAME}-legacy-${{ matrix.legacy_name }}"
-          fi
-          echo "DIR_NAME=${DIR_NAME}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Archive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd dist
-          mkdir -p "${DIR_NAME}"
-          cp ../LICENSE "${DIR_NAME}"
-          cp sing-box "${DIR_NAME}"
-          tar -czvf "${DIR_NAME}.tar.gz" "${DIR_NAME}"
-          rm -r "${DIR_NAME}"
-      - name: Cleanup
-        run: rm dist/sing-box
-      - name: Upload artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: binary-darwin_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.legacy_name && format('-legacy-{0}', matrix.legacy_name) }}
-          path: "dist"
-  build_windows:
-    name: Build Windows binaries
-    if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary'
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-    needs:
-      - calculate_version
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          - { arch: amd64, naive: true }
-          - { arch: "386" }
-          - { arch: arm64, naive: true }
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Setup Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.4
-      - name: Set tag
-        run: |-
-          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$env:GITHUB_ENV"
-          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
-      - name: Build
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box.exe -tags "with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,with_naive_outbound,with_purego,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0" `
-          -ldflags "-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0" `
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
-          GOOS: windows
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Build
-        if: ${{ !matrix.naive }}
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box.exe -tags "with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0" `
-          -ldflags "-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0" `
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
-          GOOS: windows
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Extract libcronet.dll
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          $CRONET_GO_VERSION = Get-Content .github/CRONET_GO_VERSION
-          $env:CGO_ENABLED = "0"
-          go run -v "github.com/sagernet/cronet-go/cmd/build-naive@$CRONET_GO_VERSION" extract-lib --target windows/${{ matrix.arch }} -o dist
-      - name: Archive
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          $DIR_NAME = "sing-box-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-windows-${{ matrix.arch }}"
-          mkdir "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-          Copy-Item LICENSE "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-          Copy-Item "dist/sing-box.exe" "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-          Copy-Item "dist/libcronet.dll" "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-          Compress-Archive -Path "dist/$DIR_NAME" -DestinationPath "dist/$DIR_NAME.zip"
-          Remove-Item -Recurse "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-      - name: Archive
-        if: ${{ !matrix.naive }}
-        run: |
-          $DIR_NAME = "sing-box-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-windows-${{ matrix.arch }}"
-          mkdir "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-          Copy-Item LICENSE "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-          Copy-Item "dist/sing-box.exe" "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-          Compress-Archive -Path "dist/$DIR_NAME" -DestinationPath "dist/$DIR_NAME.zip"
-          Remove-Item -Recurse "dist/$DIR_NAME"
-      - name: Cleanup
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: Remove-Item dist/sing-box.exe, dist/libcronet.dll
-      - name: Cleanup
-        if: ${{ !matrix.naive }}
-        run: Remove-Item dist/sing-box.exe
-      - name: Upload artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: binary-windows_${{ matrix.arch }}
-          path: "dist"
+          name: binary-${{ matrix.name }}
+          path: 'dist'
  build_android:
    name: Build Android
    if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Android'
@@ -568,19 +212,19 @@ jobs:
      - calculate_version
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
          submodules: 'recursive'
      - name: Setup Go
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.5
+          go-version: ^1.23
      - name: Setup Android NDK
        id: setup-ndk
        uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
        with:
-          ndk-version: r28
+          ndk-version: r28-beta2
      - name: Setup OpenJDK
        run: |-
          sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y openjdk-17-jdk-headless
@@ -612,16 +256,10 @@ jobs:
        with:
          path: ~/.gradle
          key: gradle-${{ hashFiles('**/*.gradle') }}
-      - name: Update version
+      - name: Build release
        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
        run: |-
          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_android_version --ci
-      - name: Update nightly version
-        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
-        run: |-
-          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_android_version --ci --nightly
-      - name: Build
-        run: |-
          mkdir clients/android/app/libs
          cp libbox.aar clients/android/app/libs
          cd clients/android
@@ -630,25 +268,47 @@ jobs:
          JAVA_HOME: /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
          ANDROID_NDK_HOME: ${{ steps.setup-ndk.outputs.ndk-path }}
          LOCAL_PROPERTIES: ${{ secrets.LOCAL_PROPERTIES }}
-      - name: Prepare upload
+      - name: Build debug
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
        run: |-
-          mkdir -p dist
-          #cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/play/release/*.apk dist
-          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/other/release/*.apk dist
-          VERSION_CODE=$(grep VERSION_CODE clients/android/version.properties | cut -d= -f2)
-          VERSION_NAME=$(grep VERSION_NAME clients/android/version.properties | cut -d= -f2)
-          cat > dist/SFA-version-metadata.json << EOF
-          {
-            "version_code": ${VERSION_CODE},
-            "version_name": "${VERSION_NAME}"
-          }
-          EOF
-          cat dist/SFA-version-metadata.json
+          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_android_version --ci
+          mkdir clients/android/app/libs
+          cp libbox.aar clients/android/app/libs
+          cd clients/android
+          ./gradlew :app:assemblePlayRelease
+        env:
+          JAVA_HOME: /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
+          ANDROID_NDK_HOME: ${{ steps.setup-ndk.outputs.ndk-path }}
+          LOCAL_PROPERTIES: ${{ secrets.LOCAL_PROPERTIES }}
+      - name: Prepare release upload
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: |-
+          mkdir -p dist/release
+          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/play/release/*.apk dist/release
+          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/other/release/*-universal.apk dist/release
+      - name: Prepare debug upload
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: |-
+          mkdir -p dist/release
+          cp clients/android/app/build/outputs/apk/play/release/*.apk dist/release
      - name: Upload artifact
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: binary-android-apks
          path: 'dist'
+      - name: Upload debug apk (arm64-v8a)
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: "SFA-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-arm64-v8a.apk"
+          path: 'dist/release/*-arm64-v8a.apk'
+      - name: Upload debug apk (universal)
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: "SFA-${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}-universal.apk"
+          path: 'dist/release/*-universal.apk'
  publish_android:
    name: Publish Android
    if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.build == 'publish-android'
@@ -657,19 +317,19 @@ jobs:
      - calculate_version
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
          submodules: 'recursive'
      - name: Setup Go
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.5
+          go-version: ^1.23
      - name: Setup Android NDK
        id: setup-ndk
        uses: nttld/setup-ndk@v1
        with:
-          ndk-version: r28
+          ndk-version: r28-beta2
      - name: Setup OpenJDK
        run: |-
          sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y openjdk-17-jdk-headless
@@ -716,8 +376,7 @@ jobs:
          SERVICE_ACCOUNT_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.SERVICE_ACCOUNT_CREDENTIALS }}
  build_apple:
    name: Build Apple clients
-    runs-on: macos-26
-    if: false # github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Apple' || inputs.build == 'app-store' || inputs.build == 'iOS' || inputs.build == 'macOS' || inputs.build == 'tvOS' || inputs.build == 'macOS-standalone'
+    runs-on: macos-15
    needs:
      - calculate_version
    strategy:
@@ -755,7 +414,7 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        if: matrix.if
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
          submodules: 'recursive'
@@ -763,7 +422,15 @@ jobs:
        if: matrix.if
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.5
+          go-version: ^1.23
+      - name: Setup Xcode stable
+        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main-next'
+        run: |-
+          sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.2.app
+      - name: Setup Xcode beta
+        if: matrix.if && github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev-next'
+        run: |-
+          sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.2.app
      - name: Set tag
        if: matrix.if
        run: |-
@@ -795,19 +462,19 @@ jobs:

          PROFILES_ZIP_PATH=$RUNNER_TEMP/Profiles.zip
          echo -n "$PROVISIONING_PROFILES" | base64 --decode -o $PROFILES_ZIP_PATH
-
+          
          PROFILES_PATH="$HOME/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles"
          mkdir -p "$PROFILES_PATH"
          unzip $PROFILES_ZIP_PATH -d "$PROFILES_PATH"
-
+          
          ASC_KEY_PATH=$RUNNER_TEMP/Key.p12
          echo -n "$ASC_KEY" | base64 --decode -o $ASC_KEY_PATH
-
+          
          xcrun notarytool store-credentials "notarytool-password" \
            --key $ASC_KEY_PATH \
            --key-id $ASC_KEY_ID \
            --issuer $ASC_KEY_ISSUER_ID
-
+          
          echo "ASC_KEY_PATH=$ASC_KEY_PATH" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "ASC_KEY_ID=$ASC_KEY_ID" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "ASC_KEY_ISSUER_ID=$ASC_KEY_ISSUER_ID" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
@@ -832,13 +499,10 @@ jobs:
          MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION=$(go run -v ./cmd/internal/app_store_connect next_macos_project_version)
          echo "MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION=$MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION"
          echo "MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION=$MACOS_PROJECT_VERSION" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-      - name: Update version
-        if: matrix.if && matrix.name != 'iOS'
-        run: |-
-          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_apple_version --ci
      - name: Build
        if: matrix.if
        run: |-
+          go run -v ./cmd/internal/update_apple_version --ci
          cd clients/apple
          xcodebuild archive \
            -scheme "${{ matrix.scheme }}" \
@@ -882,14 +546,14 @@ jobs:
          		--app-drop-link 0 0 \
          		--skip-jenkins \
          	SFM.dmg "${{ matrix.export_path }}/SFM.app"
-          xcrun notarytool submit "SFM.dmg" --wait --keychain-profile "notarytool-password"
+          xcrun notarytool submit "SFM.dmg" --wait --keychain-profile "notarytool-password"          
          cd "${{ matrix.archive }}"
          zip -r SFM.dSYMs.zip dSYMs
          popd
-
-          mkdir -p dist
-          cp clients/apple/SFM.dmg "dist/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dmg"
-          cp "clients/apple/${{ matrix.archive }}/SFM.dSYMs.zip" "dist/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dSYMs.zip"
+          
+          mkdir -p dist/release
+          cp clients/apple/SFM.dmg "dist/release/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dmg"
+          cp "clients/apple/${{ matrix.archive }}/SFM.dSYMs.zip" "dist/release/SFM-${VERSION}-universal.dSYMs.zip"
      - name: Upload image
        if: matrix.if && matrix.name == 'macOS-standalone' && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
@@ -898,20 +562,24 @@ jobs:
          path: 'dist'
  upload:
    name: Upload builds
-    if: "!failure() && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && (inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary' || inputs.build == 'Android' || inputs.build == 'Apple' || inputs.build == 'macOS-standalone')"
+    if: always() && github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && (inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary' || inputs.build == 'Android' || inputs.build == 'Apple' || inputs.build == 'macOS-standalone')
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs:
      - calculate_version
      - build
-      - build_darwin
-      - build_windows
      - build_android
      - build_apple
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup Goreleaser
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
+        with:
+          distribution: goreleaser-pro
+          version: latest
+          install-only: true
      - name: Cache ghr
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        id: cache-ghr
@@ -932,21 +600,30 @@ jobs:
          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
          echo "VERSION=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
      - name: Download builds
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          path: dist
          merge-multiple: true
+      - name: Merge builds
+        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch' || inputs.build == 'All' || inputs.build == 'Binary'
+        run: |-
+          goreleaser continue --merge --skip publish
+          mkdir -p dist/release
+          mv dist/*/sing-box*{tar.gz,zip,deb,rpm,_amd64.pkg.tar.zst,_arm64.pkg.tar.zst} dist/release
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
      - name: Upload builds
        if: ${{ env.PUBLISHED == 'false' }}
        run: |-
          export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/go/bin"
-          ghr --replace --draft --prerelease -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist
+          ghr --replace --draft --prerelease -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist/release
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Replace builds
        if: ${{ env.PUBLISHED != 'false' }}
        run: |-
          export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/go/bin"
-          ghr --replace -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist
+          ghr --replace -p 5 "v${VERSION}" dist/release
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 name: Publish Docker Images

 on:
-  #push:
-  #  branches:
-  #    - main-next
-  #    - dev-next
  release:
    types:
      - published
@@ -17,134 +13,8 @@ env:
  REGISTRY_IMAGE: ghcr.io/sagernet/sing-box

 jobs:
-  build_binary:
-    name: Build binary
+  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: true
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          # Naive-enabled builds (musl)
-          - { arch: amd64, naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/amd64" }
-          - { arch: arm64, naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/arm64" }
-          - { arch: "386", naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/386" }
-          - { arch: arm, goarm: "7", naive: true, docker_platform: "linux/arm/v7" }
-          # Non-naive builds
-          - { arch: arm, goarm: "6", docker_platform: "linux/arm/v6" }
-          - { arch: ppc64le, docker_platform: "linux/ppc64le" }
-          - { arch: riscv64, docker_platform: "linux/riscv64" }
-          - { arch: s390x, docker_platform: "linux/s390x" }
-    steps:
-      - name: Get commit to build
-        id: ref
-        run: |-
-          if [[ -z "${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}" ]]; then
-            ref="${{ github.ref_name }}"
-          else
-            ref="${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}"
-          fi
-          echo "ref=$ref"
-          echo "ref=$ref" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
-        with:
-          ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Setup Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.4
-      - name: Clone cronet-go
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          CRONET_GO_VERSION=$(cat .github/CRONET_GO_VERSION)
-          git init ~/cronet-go
-          git -C ~/cronet-go remote add origin https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go.git
-          git -C ~/cronet-go fetch --depth=1 origin "$CRONET_GO_VERSION"
-          git -C ~/cronet-go checkout FETCH_HEAD
-          git -C ~/cronet-go submodule update --init --recursive --depth=1
-      - name: Cache Chromium toolchain
-        if: matrix.naive
-        id: cache-chromium-toolchain
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts
-            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/out/sysroot-build
-          key: chromium-toolchain-${{ matrix.arch }}-musl-${{ hashFiles('.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION') }}
-      - name: Download Chromium toolchain
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd ~/cronet-go
-          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl download-toolchain
-      - name: Set version
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          VERSION=$(go run ./cmd/internal/read_tag)
-          echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Set Chromium toolchain environment
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd ~/cronet-go
-          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl env >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Set build tags
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.naive }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound,with_musl"
-          fi
-          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Build (naive)
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          go build -v -trimpath -o sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags "-X \"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${VERSION}\" -s -w -buildid= -checklinkname=0" \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
-          GOOS: linux
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
-      - name: Build (non-naive)
-        if: ${{ ! matrix.naive }}
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          go build -v -trimpath -o sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags "-X \"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${VERSION}\" -s -w -buildid= -checklinkname=0" \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
-          GOOS: linux
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
-      - name: Prepare artifact
-        run: |
-          platform=${{ matrix.docker_platform }}
-          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          # Rename binary to include arch info for Dockerfile.binary
-          BINARY_NAME="sing-box-${{ matrix.arch }}"
-          if [[ -n "${{ matrix.goarm }}" ]]; then
-            BINARY_NAME="${BINARY_NAME}v${{ matrix.goarm }}"
-          fi
-          mv sing-box "${BINARY_NAME}"
-          echo "BINARY_NAME=${BINARY_NAME}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Upload binary
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: binary-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
-          path: ${{ env.BINARY_NAME }}
-          if-no-files-found: error
-          retention-days: 1
-  build_docker:
-    name: Build Docker image
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs:
-      - build_binary
    strategy:
      fail-fast: true
      matrix:
@@ -169,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
          echo "ref=$ref"
          echo "ref=$ref" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
          fetch-depth: 0
@@ -177,16 +47,6 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Download binary
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
-        with:
-          name: binary-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
-          path: .
-      - name: Prepare binary
-        run: |
-          # Find and make the binary executable
-          chmod +x sing-box-*
-          ls -la sing-box-*
      - name: Setup QEMU
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - name: Setup Docker Buildx
@@ -208,7 +68,8 @@ jobs:
        with:
          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
          context: .
-          file: Dockerfile.binary
+          build-args: |
+            BUILDKIT_CONTEXT_KEEP_GIT_DIR=1
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
      - name: Export digest
@@ -226,7 +87,7 @@ jobs:
  merge:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs:
-      - build_docker
+      - build
    steps:
      - name: Get commit to build
        id: ref
@@ -246,7 +107,7 @@ jobs:
          echo "latest=$latest"
          echo "latest=$latest" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
      - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          path: /tmp/digests
          pattern: digests-*
@@ -260,7 +121,6 @@ jobs:
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Create manifest list and push
-        if: github.event_name != 'push'
        working-directory: /tmp/digests
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools create \
@@ -268,7 +128,6 @@ jobs:
            -t "${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}" \
            $(printf '${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}@sha256:%s ' *)
      - name: Inspect image
-        if: github.event_name != 'push'
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.latest }}
          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
--- a/.github/workflows/lint.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint.yml
@@ -22,17 +22,16 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
      - name: Setup Go
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25
+          go-version: ^1.23
      - name: golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v8
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
        with:
-          version: v2.4.0
+          version: latest
          args: --timeout=30m
-          install-mode: binary
-          verify: false
+          install-mode: binary
--- a/.github/workflows/linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/linux.yml
@@ -1,239 +1,38 @@
-name: Build Linux Packages
+name: Release to Linux repository

 on:
-  #push:
-  #  branches:
-  #    - main-next
-  #    - dev-next
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      version:
-        description: "Version name"
-        required: true
-        type: string
-      forceBeta:
-        description: "Force beta"
-        required: false
-        type: boolean
-        default: false
  release:
    types:
      - published

 jobs:
-  calculate_version:
-    name: Calculate version
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.outputs.outputs.version }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Setup Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.5
-      - name: Check input version
-        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
-        run: |-
-          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}"
-          echo "version=${{ inputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-      - name: Calculate version
-        if: github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
-        run: |-
-          go run -v ./cmd/internal/read_tag --ci --nightly
-      - name: Set outputs
-        id: outputs
-        run: |-
-          echo "version=$version" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
  build:
-    name: Build binary
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs:
-      - calculate_version
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          # Naive-enabled builds (musl)
-          - { os: linux, arch: amd64, naive: true, debian: amd64, rpm: x86_64, pacman: x86_64 }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm64, naive: true, debian: arm64, rpm: aarch64, pacman: aarch64 }
-          - { os: linux, arch: "386", naive: true, debian: i386, rpm: i386 }
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "7", naive: true, debian: armhf, rpm: armv7hl, pacman: armv7hl }
-          # Non-naive builds (unsupported architectures)
-          - { os: linux, arch: arm, goarm: "6", debian: armel, rpm: armv6hl }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mips64le, debian: mips64el, rpm: mips64el }
-          - { os: linux, arch: mipsle, debian: mipsel, rpm: mipsel }
-          - { os: linux, arch: s390x, debian: s390x, rpm: s390x }
-          - { os: linux, arch: ppc64le, debian: ppc64el, rpm: ppc64le }
-          - { os: linux, arch: riscv64, debian: riscv64, rpm: riscv64 }
-          - { os: linux, arch: loong64, debian: loongarch64, rpm: loongarch64 }
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@eef61447b9ff4aafe5dcd4e0bbf5d482be7e7871 # v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
      - name: Setup Go
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version: ^1.25.5
-      - name: Clone cronet-go
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          CRONET_GO_VERSION=$(cat .github/CRONET_GO_VERSION)
-          git init ~/cronet-go
-          git -C ~/cronet-go remote add origin https://github.com/sagernet/cronet-go.git
-          git -C ~/cronet-go fetch --depth=1 origin "$CRONET_GO_VERSION"
-          git -C ~/cronet-go checkout FETCH_HEAD
-          git -C ~/cronet-go submodule update --init --recursive --depth=1
-      - name: Cache Chromium toolchain
-        if: matrix.naive
-        id: cache-chromium-toolchain
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts
-            ~/cronet-go/naiveproxy/src/out/sysroot-build
-          key: chromium-toolchain-${{ matrix.arch }}-musl-${{ hashFiles('.github/CRONET_GO_VERSION') }}
-      - name: Download Chromium toolchain
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd ~/cronet-go
-          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl download-toolchain
-      - name: Set Chromium toolchain environment
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          cd ~/cronet-go
-          go run ./cmd/build-naive --target=linux/${{ matrix.arch }} --libc=musl env >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Set tag
+          go-version: ^1.23
+      - name: Extract signing key
        run: |-
-          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
-      - name: Set build tags
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          TAGS='with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0'
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.naive }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            TAGS="${TAGS},with_naive_outbound,with_musl"
-          fi
-          echo "BUILD_TAGS=${TAGS}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Build (naive)
-        if: matrix.naive
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "1"
-          GOOS: linux
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Build (non-naive)
-        if: ${{ ! matrix.naive }}
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          mkdir -p dist
-          go build -v -trimpath -o dist/sing-box -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
-          -ldflags '-s -buildid= -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -checklinkname=0' \
-          ./cmd/sing-box
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: "0"
-          GOOS: ${{ matrix.os }}
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.arch }}
-          GOARM: ${{ matrix.goarm }}
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Set mtime
-        run: |-
-          TZ=UTC touch -t '197001010000' dist/sing-box
-      - name: Set name
-        if: (! contains(needs.calculate_version.outputs.version, '-')) && !inputs.forceBeta
-        run: |-
-          echo "NAME=sing-box" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-      - name: Set beta name
-        if: contains(needs.calculate_version.outputs.version, '-') || inputs.forceBeta
-        run: |-
-          echo "NAME=sing-box-beta" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-      - name: Set version
-        run: |-
-          PKG_VERSION="${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}"
-          PKG_VERSION="${PKG_VERSION//-/\~}"
-          echo "PKG_VERSION=${PKG_VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
-      - name: Package DEB
-        if: matrix.debian != ''
-        run: |
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          sudo gem install fpm
-          sudo apt-get install -y debsigs
-          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
-          fpm -t deb \
-            --name "${NAME}" \
-            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
-            -p "dist/${NAME}_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_linux_${{ matrix.debian }}.deb" \
-            --architecture ${{ matrix.debian }} \
-            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
-          curl -Lo '/tmp/debsigs.diff' 'https://gitlab.com/debsigs/debsigs/-/commit/160138f5de1ec110376d3c807b60a37388bc7c90.diff'
-          sudo patch /usr/bin/debsigs < '/tmp/debsigs.diff'
-          rm -rf $HOME/.gnupg
-          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
+          mkdir -p $HOME/.gnupg
+          cat > $HOME/.gnupg/sagernet.key <<EOF
          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
          EOF
-          debsigs --sign=origin -k ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }} --gpgopts '--pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}"' dist/*.deb
-      - name: Package RPM
-        if: matrix.rpm != ''
-        run: |-
-          set -xeuo pipefail
-          sudo gem install fpm
-          cp .fpm_systemd .fpm
-          fpm -t rpm \
-            --name "${NAME}" \
-            -v "$PKG_VERSION" \
-            -p "dist/${NAME}_${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}_linux_${{ matrix.rpm }}.rpm" \
-            --architecture ${{ matrix.rpm }} \
-            dist/sing-box=/usr/bin/sing-box
-          cat > $HOME/.rpmmacros <<EOF
-          %_gpg_name ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY_ID }}
-          %_gpg_sign_cmd_extra_args --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
-          EOF
-          gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase "${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}" --import <<EOF
-          ${{ secrets.GPG_KEY }}
-          EOF
-          rpmsign --addsign dist/*.rpm
-      - name: Cleanup
-        run: rm dist/sing-box
-      - name: Upload artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+          echo "HOME=$HOME" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: Publish release
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
        with:
-          name: binary-${{ matrix.os }}_${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.goarm && format('v{0}', matrix.goarm) }}${{ matrix.legacy_go && '-legacy' || '' }}
-          path: "dist"
-  upload:
-    name: Upload builds
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs:
-      - calculate_version
-      - build
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Set tag
-        run: |-
-          git ls-remote --exit-code --tags origin v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} || echo "PUBLISHED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          git tag v${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }} -f
-          echo "VERSION=${{ needs.calculate_version.outputs.version }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-      - name: Download builds
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
-        with:
-          path: dist
-          merge-multiple: true
-      - name: Publish packages
-        if: github.event_name != 'push'
-        run: |-
-          ls dist | xargs -I {} curl -F "package=@dist/{}" https://${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}@push.fury.io/sagernet/
+          distribution: goreleaser-pro
+          version: latest
+          args: release -f .goreleaser.fury.yaml --clean
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
+          FURY_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.FURY_TOKEN }}
+          NFPM_KEY_PATH: ${{ env.HOME }}/.gnupg/sagernet.key
+          NFPM_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -15,6 +15,4 @@
 .DS_Store
 /config.d/
 /venv/
-CLAUDE.md
-AGENTS.md
-/.claude/
+
--- a/.golangci.yml
+++ b/.golangci.yml
@@ -1,59 +1,38 @@
-version: "2"
+linters:
+  disable-all: true
+  enable:
+    - gofumpt
+    - govet
+    - gci
+    - staticcheck
+    - paralleltest
+    - ineffassign
+
+linters-settings:
+  gci:
+    custom-order: true
+    sections:
+      - standard
+      - prefix(github.com/sagernet/)
+      - default
+  staticcheck:
+    checks:
+      - all
+      - -SA1003
+
 run:
-  go: "1.25"
+  go: "1.23"
  build-tags:
    - with_gvisor
    - with_quic
    - with_dhcp
    - with_wireguard
+    - with_ech
    - with_utls
+    - with_reality_server
    - with_acme
    - with_clash_api
-linters:
-  default: none
-  enable:
-    - govet
-    - ineffassign
-    - paralleltest
-    - staticcheck
-  settings:
-    staticcheck:
-      checks:
-        - all
-        - -S1000
-        - -S1008
-        - -S1017
-        - -ST1003
-        - -QF1001
-        - -QF1003
-        - -QF1008
-  exclusions:
-    generated: lax
-    presets:
-      - comments
-      - common-false-positives
-      - legacy
-      - std-error-handling
-    paths:
-      - transport/simple-obfs
-      - third_party$
-      - builtin$
-      - examples$
-formatters:
-  enable:
-    - gci
-    - gofumpt
-  settings:
-    gci:
-      sections:
-        - standard
-        - prefix(github.com/sagernet/)
-        - default
-      custom-order: true
-  exclusions:
-    generated: lax
-    paths:
-      - transport/simple-obfs
-      - third_party$
-      - builtin$
-      - examples$
+
+issues:
+  exclude-dirs:
+    - transport/simple-obfs
--- a/.goreleaser.fury.yaml
+++ b/.goreleaser.fury.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+project_name: sing-box
+builds:
+  - id: main
+    main: ./cmd/sing-box
+    flags:
+      - -v
+      - -trimpath
+    ldflags:
+      - -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version={{ .Version }} -s -w -buildid=
+    tags:
+      - with_gvisor
+      - with_quic
+      - with_dhcp
+      - with_wireguard
+      - with_ech
+      - with_utls
+      - with_reality_server
+      - with_acme
+      - with_clash_api
+    env:
+      - CGO_ENABLED=0
+    targets:
+      - linux_386
+      - linux_amd64_v1
+      - linux_arm64
+      - linux_arm_7
+      - linux_s390x
+      - linux_riscv64
+      - linux_mips64le
+    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+snapshot:
+  name_template: "{{ .Version }}.{{ .ShortCommit }}"
+nfpms:
+  - &template
+    id: package
+    package_name: sing-box
+    file_name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}_{{ .Version }}_{{ .Os }}_{{ .Arch }}{{ with .Arm }}v{{ . }}{{ end }}{{ with .Mips }}_{{ . }}{{ end }}{{ if not (eq .Amd64 "v1") }}{{ .Amd64 }}{{ end }}'
+    builds:
+      - main
+    homepage: https://sing-box.sagernet.org/
+    maintainer: nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>
+    description: The universal proxy platform.
+    license: GPLv3 or later
+    formats:
+      - deb
+      - rpm
+    priority: extra
+    contents:
+      - src: release/config/config.json
+        dst: /etc/sing-box/config.json
+        type: config
+
+      - src: release/config/sing-box.service
+        dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box.service
+      - src: release/config/sing-box@.service
+        dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box@.service
+
+      - src: release/completions/sing-box.bash
+        dst: /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
+      - src: release/completions/sing-box.fish
+        dst: /usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
+      - src: release/completions/sing-box.zsh
+        dst: /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
+
+      - src: LICENSE
+        dst: /usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE
+    deb:
+      signature:
+        key_file: "{{ .Env.NFPM_KEY_PATH }}"
+      fields:
+        Bugs: https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/issues
+    rpm:
+      signature:
+        key_file: "{{ .Env.NFPM_KEY_PATH }}"
+    conflicts:
+      - sing-box-beta
+  - id: package_beta
+    <<: *template
+    package_name: sing-box-beta
+    file_name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}-beta_{{ .Version }}_{{ .Os }}_{{ .Arch }}{{ with .Arm }}v{{ . }}{{ end }}{{ with .Mips }}_{{ . }}{{ end }}{{ if not (eq .Amd64 "v1") }}{{ .Amd64 }}{{ end }}'
+    formats:
+      - deb
+      - rpm
+    conflicts:
+      - sing-box
+release:
+  disable: true
+furies:
+  - account: sagernet
+    ids:
+      - package
+    disable: "{{ not (not .Prerelease) }}"
+  - account: sagernet
+    ids:
+      - package_beta
+    disable: "{{ not .Prerelease }}"
--- a/.goreleaser.yaml
+++ b/.goreleaser.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+version: 2
+project_name: sing-box
+builds:
+  - &template
+    id: main
+    main: ./cmd/sing-box
+    flags:
+      - -v
+      - -trimpath
+    ldflags:
+      - -X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version={{ .Version }}
+      - -s
+      - -buildid=
+    tags:
+      - with_gvisor
+      - with_quic
+      - with_dhcp
+      - with_wireguard
+      - with_ech
+      - with_utls
+      - with_reality_server
+      - with_acme
+      - with_clash_api
+    env:
+      - CGO_ENABLED=0
+    targets:
+      - linux_386
+      - linux_amd64_v1
+      - linux_arm64
+      - linux_arm_6
+      - linux_arm_7
+      - linux_s390x
+      - linux_riscv64
+      - linux_mips64le
+      - windows_amd64_v1
+      - windows_386
+      - windows_arm64
+      - darwin_amd64_v1
+      - darwin_arm64
+    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+  - id: legacy
+    <<: *template
+    tags:
+      - with_gvisor
+      - with_quic
+      - with_dhcp
+      - with_wireguard
+      - with_utls
+      - with_reality_server
+      - with_acme
+      - with_clash_api
+    env:
+      - CGO_ENABLED=0
+      - GOROOT={{ .Env.GOPATH }}/go1.20.14
+    gobinary: "{{ .Env.GOPATH }}/go1.20.14/bin/go"
+    targets:
+      - windows_amd64_v1
+      - windows_386
+      - darwin_amd64_v1
+  - id: android
+    <<: *template
+    env:
+      - CGO_ENABLED=1
+    overrides:
+      - goos: android
+        goarch: arm
+        goarm: 7
+        env:
+          - CC=armv7a-linux-androideabi21-clang
+          - CXX=armv7a-linux-androideabi21-clang++
+      - goos: android
+        goarch: arm64
+        env:
+          - CC=aarch64-linux-android21-clang
+          - CXX=aarch64-linux-android21-clang++
+      - goos: android
+        goarch: 386
+        env:
+          - CC=i686-linux-android21-clang
+          - CXX=i686-linux-android21-clang++
+      - goos: android
+        goarch: amd64
+        goamd64: v1
+        env:
+          - CC=x86_64-linux-android21-clang
+          - CXX=x86_64-linux-android21-clang++
+    targets:
+      - android_arm_7
+      - android_arm64
+      - android_386
+      - android_amd64
+archives:
+  - &template
+    id: archive
+    builds:
+      - main
+      - android
+    format: tar.gz
+    format_overrides:
+      - goos: windows
+        format: zip
+    wrap_in_directory: true
+    files:
+      - LICENSE
+    name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}-{{ .Version }}-{{ .Os }}-{{ .Arch }}{{ with .Arm }}v{{ . }}{{ end }}{{ if and .Mips (not (eq .Mips "hardfloat")) }}_{{ .Mips }}{{ end }}{{ if not (eq .Amd64 "v1") }}{{ .Amd64 }}{{ end }}'
+  - id: archive-legacy
+    <<: *template
+    builds:
+      - legacy
+    name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}-{{ .Version }}-{{ .Os }}-{{ .Arch }}-legacy'
+nfpms:
+  - id: package
+    package_name: sing-box
+    file_name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}_{{ .Version }}_{{ .Os }}_{{ .Arch }}{{ with .Arm }}v{{ . }}{{ end }}{{ if and .Mips (not (eq .Mips "hardfloat")) }}_{{ .Mips }}{{ end }}{{ if not (eq .Amd64 "v1") }}{{ .Amd64 }}{{ end }}'
+    builds:
+      - main
+    homepage: https://sing-box.sagernet.org/
+    maintainer: nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>
+    description: The universal proxy platform.
+    license: GPLv3 or later
+    formats:
+      - deb
+      - rpm
+      - archlinux
+#      - apk
+#      - ipk
+    priority: extra
+    contents:
+      - src: release/config/config.json
+        dst: /etc/sing-box/config.json
+        type: config
+
+      - src: release/config/sing-box.service
+        dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box.service
+      - src: release/config/sing-box@.service
+        dst: /usr/lib/systemd/system/sing-box@.service
+
+      - src: release/completions/sing-box.bash
+        dst: /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
+      - src: release/completions/sing-box.fish
+        dst: /usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
+      - src: release/completions/sing-box.zsh
+        dst: /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
+
+      - src: LICENSE
+        dst: /usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE
+    deb:
+      signature:
+        key_file: "{{ .Env.NFPM_KEY_PATH }}"
+      fields:
+        Bugs: https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/issues
+    rpm:
+      signature:
+        key_file: "{{ .Env.NFPM_KEY_PATH }}"
+    overrides:
+      apk:
+        contents:
+          - src: release/config/config.json
+            dst: /etc/sing-box/config.json
+            type: config
+
+          - src: release/config/sing-box.initd
+            dst: /etc/init.d/sing-box
+
+          - src: release/completions/sing-box.bash
+            dst: /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/sing-box.bash
+          - src: release/completions/sing-box.fish
+            dst: /usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d/sing-box.fish
+          - src: release/completions/sing-box.zsh
+            dst: /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sing-box
+
+          - src: LICENSE
+            dst: /usr/share/licenses/sing-box/LICENSE
+      ipk:
+        contents:
+          - src: release/config/config.json
+            dst: /etc/sing-box/config.json
+            type: config
+
+          - src: release/config/openwrt.init
+            dst: /etc/init.d/sing-box
+          - src: release/config/openwrt.conf
+            dst: /etc/config/sing-box
+source:
+  enabled: false
+  name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}-{{ .Version }}.source'
+  prefix_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}-{{ .Version }}/'
+checksum:
+  disable: true
+  name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}-{{ .Version }}.checksum'
+signs:
+  - artifacts: checksum
+release:
+  github:
+    owner: SagerNet
+    name: sing-box
+  draft: true
+  prerelease: auto
+  mode: replace
+  ids:
+    - archive
+    - package
+  skip_upload: true
+partial:
+  by: target
--- a/10
+++ b/10
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:1.25-alpine AS builder
+FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:1.23-alpine AS builder
 LABEL maintainer="nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
 COPY . /go/src/github.com/sagernet/sing-box
 WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/sagernet/sing-box
@@ -13,13 +13,15 @@ RUN set -ex \
    && export COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) \
    && export VERSION=$(go run ./cmd/internal/read_tag) \
    && go build -v -trimpath -tags \
-        "with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0" \
+        "with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_ech,with_utls,with_reality_server,with_acme,with_clash_api" \
        -o /go/bin/sing-box \
-        -ldflags "-X \"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=$VERSION\" -s -w -buildid= -checklinkname=0" \
+        -ldflags "-X \"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=$VERSION\" -s -w -buildid=" \
        ./cmd/sing-box
 FROM --platform=$TARGETPLATFORM alpine AS dist
 LABEL maintainer="nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
 RUN set -ex \
-    && apk add --no-cache --upgrade bash tzdata ca-certificates nftables
+    && apk upgrade \
+    && apk add bash tzdata ca-certificates nftables \
+    && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
 COPY --from=builder /go/bin/sing-box /usr/local/bin/sing-box
 ENTRYPOINT ["sing-box"]
--- a/Dockerfile.binary
+++ b/Dockerfile.binary
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-FROM alpine
-ARG TARGETARCH
-ARG TARGETVARIANT
-LABEL maintainer="nekohasekai <contact-git@sekai.icu>"
-RUN set -ex \
-    && apk add --no-cache --upgrade bash tzdata ca-certificates nftables
-COPY sing-box-${TARGETARCH}${TARGETVARIANT} /usr/local/bin/sing-box
-ENTRYPOINT ["sing-box"]
--- a/56
+++ b/56
@@ -1,33 +1,34 @@
 NAME = sing-box
 COMMIT = $(shell git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-TAGS ?= with_gvisor,with_quic,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_utls,with_acme,with_clash_api,with_tailscale,with_ccm,with_ocm,badlinkname,tfogo_checklinkname0
+TAGS_GO120 = with_gvisor,with_dhcp,with_wireguard,with_reality_server,with_clash_api,with_quic,with_utls
+TAGS_GO121 = with_ech
+TAGS ?= $(TAGS_GO118),$(TAGS_GO120),$(TAGS_GO121)
+TAGS_TEST ?= with_gvisor,with_quic,with_wireguard,with_grpc,with_ech,with_utls,with_reality_server

 GOHOSTOS = $(shell go env GOHOSTOS)
 GOHOSTARCH = $(shell go env GOHOSTARCH)
-VERSION=$(shell CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$(GOHOSTOS) GOARCH=$(GOHOSTARCH) go run github.com/sagernet/sing-box/cmd/internal/read_tag@latest)
+VERSION=$(shell CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$(GOHOSTOS) GOARCH=$(GOHOSTARCH) go run ./cmd/internal/read_tag)

-PARAMS = -v -trimpath -ldflags "-X 'github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=$(VERSION)' -s -w -buildid= -checklinkname=0"
-MAIN_PARAMS = $(PARAMS) -tags "$(TAGS)"
+PARAMS = -v -trimpath -ldflags "-X 'github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version=$(VERSION)' -s -w -buildid="
+MAIN_PARAMS = $(PARAMS) -tags $(TAGS)
 MAIN = ./cmd/sing-box
 PREFIX ?= $(shell go env GOPATH)

 .PHONY: test release docs build

 build:
-	export GOTOOLCHAIN=local && \
 	go build $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)

-race:
-	export GOTOOLCHAIN=local && \
-	go build -race $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)
+ci_build_go120:
+	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
+	go build $(PARAMS) -tags "$(TAGS_GO120)" $(MAIN)

 ci_build:
-	export GOTOOLCHAIN=local && \
-	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN) && \
+	go build $(PARAMS) $(MAIN)
 	go build $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)

 generate_completions:
-	go run -v --tags "$(TAGS),generate,generate_completions" $(MAIN)
+	go run -v --tags $(TAGS),generate,generate_completions $(MAIN)

 install:
 	go build -o $(PREFIX)/bin/$(NAME) $(MAIN_PARAMS) $(MAIN)
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ fmt:
 	@gci write --custom-order -s standard -s "prefix(github.com/sagernet/)" -s "default" .

 fmt_install:
-	go install -v mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.8.0
+	go install -v mvdan.cc/gofumpt@latest
 	go install -v github.com/daixiang0/gci@latest

 lint:
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ lint:
 	GOOS=freebsd golangci-lint run ./...

 lint_install:
-	go install -v github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.4.0
+	go install -v github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@latest

 proto:
 	@go run ./cmd/internal/protogen
@@ -60,9 +61,6 @@ proto_install:
 	go install -v google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@latest
 	go install -v google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@latest

-update_certificates:
-	go run ./cmd/internal/update_certificates
-
 release:
 	go run ./cmd/internal/build goreleaser release --clean --skip publish
 	mkdir dist/release
@@ -112,16 +110,6 @@ upload_ios_app_store:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
 	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath build/SFI.xcarchive -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates

-export_ios_ipa:
-	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
-	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath build/SFI.xcarchive -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Export.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates -exportPath build/SFI && \
-	cp build/SFI/sing-box.ipa dist/SFI.ipa
-
-upload_ios_ipa:
-	cd dist && \
-	cp SFI.ipa "SFI-${VERSION}.ipa" && \
-	ghr --replace --draft --prerelease "v${VERSION}" "SFI-${VERSION}.ipa"
-
 release_ios: build_ios upload_ios_app_store

 build_macos:
@@ -189,16 +177,6 @@ upload_tvos_app_store:
 	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
 	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath "build/SFT.xcarchive" -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Upload.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates

-export_tvos_ipa:
-	cd ../sing-box-for-apple && \
-	xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath "build/SFT.xcarchive" -exportOptionsPlist SFI/Export.plist -allowProvisioningUpdates -exportPath build/SFT && \
-	cp build/SFT/sing-box.ipa dist/SFT.ipa
-
-upload_tvos_ipa:
-	cd dist && \
-	cp SFT.ipa "SFT-${VERSION}.ipa" && \
-	ghr --replace --draft --prerelease "v${VERSION}" "SFT-${VERSION}.ipa"
-
 release_tvos: build_tvos upload_tvos_app_store

 update_apple_version:
@@ -249,8 +227,8 @@ lib:
 	go run ./cmd/internal/build_libbox -target ios

 lib_install:
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.10
-	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.10
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.1.4
+	go install -v github.com/sagernet/gomobile/cmd/gobind@v0.1.4

 docs:
 	venv/bin/mkdocs serve
@@ -269,4 +247,4 @@ clean:
 update:
 	git fetch
 	git reset FETCH_HEAD --hard
-	git clean -fdx
+	git clean -fdx
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
-> Sponsored by [Warp](https://go.warp.dev/sing-box), built for coding with multiple AI agents
-
-<a href="https://go.warp.dev/sing-box">
-<img alt="Warp sponsorship" width="400" src="https://github.com/warpdotdev/brand-assets/raw/refs/heads/main/Github/Sponsor/Warp-Github-LG-02.png">
-</a>
-
---
-
 # sing-box

 The universal proxy platform.
--- a/adapter/certificate.go
+++ b/adapter/certificate.go
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-package adapter
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"crypto/x509"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
-)
-
-type CertificateStore interface {
-	LifecycleService
-	Pool() *x509.CertPool
-}
-
-func RootPoolFromContext(ctx context.Context) *x509.CertPool {
-	store := service.FromContext[CertificateStore](ctx)
-	if store == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return store.Pool()
-}
--- a/adapter/dns.go
+++ b/adapter/dns.go
@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-package adapter
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
-
-	"github.com/miekg/dns"
-)
-
-type DNSRouter interface {
-	Lifecycle
-	Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *dns.Msg, options DNSQueryOptions) (*dns.Msg, error)
-	Lookup(ctx context.Context, domain string, options DNSQueryOptions) ([]netip.Addr, error)
-	ClearCache()
-	LookupReverseMapping(ip netip.Addr) (string, bool)
-	ResetNetwork()
-}
-
-type DNSClient interface {
-	Start()
-	Exchange(ctx context.Context, transport DNSTransport, message *dns.Msg, options DNSQueryOptions, responseChecker func(responseAddrs []netip.Addr) bool) (*dns.Msg, error)
-	Lookup(ctx context.Context, transport DNSTransport, domain string, options DNSQueryOptions, responseChecker func(responseAddrs []netip.Addr) bool) ([]netip.Addr, error)
-	LookupCache(domain string, strategy C.DomainStrategy) ([]netip.Addr, bool)
-	ExchangeCache(ctx context.Context, message *dns.Msg) (*dns.Msg, bool)
-	ClearCache()
-}
-
-type DNSQueryOptions struct {
-	Transport      DNSTransport
-	Strategy       C.DomainStrategy
-	LookupStrategy C.DomainStrategy
-	DisableCache   bool
-	RewriteTTL     *uint32
-	ClientSubnet   netip.Prefix
-}
-
-func DNSQueryOptionsFrom(ctx context.Context, options *option.DomainResolveOptions) (*DNSQueryOptions, error) {
-	if options == nil {
-		return &DNSQueryOptions{}, nil
-	}
-	transportManager := service.FromContext[DNSTransportManager](ctx)
-	transport, loaded := transportManager.Transport(options.Server)
-	if !loaded {
-		return nil, E.New("domain resolver not found: " + options.Server)
-	}
-	return &DNSQueryOptions{
-		Transport:    transport,
-		Strategy:     C.DomainStrategy(options.Strategy),
-		DisableCache: options.DisableCache,
-		RewriteTTL:   options.RewriteTTL,
-		ClientSubnet: options.ClientSubnet.Build(netip.Prefix{}),
-	}, nil
-}
-
-type RDRCStore interface {
-	LoadRDRC(transportName string, qName string, qType uint16) (rejected bool)
-	SaveRDRC(transportName string, qName string, qType uint16) error
-	SaveRDRCAsync(transportName string, qName string, qType uint16, logger logger.Logger)
-}
-
-type DNSTransport interface {
-	Lifecycle
-	Type() string
-	Tag() string
-	Dependencies() []string
-	Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *dns.Msg) (*dns.Msg, error)
-}
-
-type LegacyDNSTransport interface {
-	LegacyStrategy() C.DomainStrategy
-	LegacyClientSubnet() netip.Prefix
-}
-
-type DNSTransportRegistry interface {
-	option.DNSTransportOptionsRegistry
-	CreateDNSTransport(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, transportType string, options any) (DNSTransport, error)
-}
-
-type DNSTransportManager interface {
-	Lifecycle
-	Transports() []DNSTransport
-	Transport(tag string) (DNSTransport, bool)
-	Default() DNSTransport
-	FakeIP() FakeIPTransport
-	Remove(tag string) error
-	Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, outboundType string, options any) error
-}
--- a/adapter/experimental.go
+++ b/adapter/experimental.go
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/observable"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/urltest"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/varbin"
 )

@@ -15,21 +16,7 @@ type ClashServer interface {
 	ConnectionTracker
 	Mode() string
 	ModeList() []string
-	SetModeUpdateHook(hook *observable.Subscriber[struct{}])
-	HistoryStorage() URLTestHistoryStorage
-}
-
-type URLTestHistory struct {
-	Time  time.Time `json:"time"`
-	Delay uint16    `json:"delay"`
-}
-
-type URLTestHistoryStorage interface {
-	SetHook(hook *observable.Subscriber[struct{}])
-	LoadURLTestHistory(tag string) *URLTestHistory
-	DeleteURLTestHistory(tag string)
-	StoreURLTestHistory(tag string, history *URLTestHistory)
-	Close() error
+	HistoryStorage() *urltest.HistoryStorage
 }

 type V2RayServer interface {
@@ -44,7 +31,7 @@ type CacheFile interface {
 	FakeIPStorage

 	StoreRDRC() bool
-	RDRCStore
+	dns.RDRCStore

 	LoadMode() string
 	StoreMode(mode string) error
@@ -52,17 +39,17 @@ type CacheFile interface {
 	StoreSelected(group string, selected string) error
 	LoadGroupExpand(group string) (isExpand bool, loaded bool)
 	StoreGroupExpand(group string, expand bool) error
-	LoadRuleSet(tag string) *SavedBinary
-	SaveRuleSet(tag string, set *SavedBinary) error
+	LoadRuleSet(tag string) *SavedRuleSet
+	SaveRuleSet(tag string, set *SavedRuleSet) error
 }

-type SavedBinary struct {
+type SavedRuleSet struct {
 	Content     []byte
 	LastUpdated time.Time
 	LastEtag    string
 }

-func (s *SavedBinary) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
+func (s *SavedRuleSet) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
 	var buffer bytes.Buffer
 	err := binary.Write(&buffer, binary.BigEndian, uint8(1))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -83,7 +70,7 @@ func (s *SavedBinary) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error) {
 	return buffer.Bytes(), nil
 }

-func (s *SavedBinary) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error {
+func (s *SavedRuleSet) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error {
 	reader := bytes.NewReader(data)
 	var version uint8
 	err := binary.Read(reader, binary.BigEndian, &version)
--- a/adapter/fakeip.go
+++ b/adapter/fakeip.go
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ package adapter
 import (
 	"net/netip"

+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 )

 type FakeIPStore interface {
-	SimpleLifecycle
+	Service
 	Contains(address netip.Addr) bool
 	Create(domain string, isIPv6 bool) (netip.Addr, error)
 	Lookup(address netip.Addr) (string, bool)
@@ -26,6 +27,6 @@ type FakeIPStorage interface {
 }

 type FakeIPTransport interface {
-	DNSTransport
+	dns.Transport
 	Store() FakeIPStore
 }
--- a/adapter/inbound.go
+++ b/adapter/inbound.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"net/netip"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/process"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
@@ -56,8 +57,6 @@ type InboundContext struct {
 	Domain       string
 	Client       string
 	SniffContext any
-	SnifferNames []string
-	SniffError   error

 	// cache

@@ -72,19 +71,18 @@ type InboundContext struct {
 	UDPDisableDomainUnmapping bool
 	UDPConnect                bool
 	UDPTimeout                time.Duration
-	TLSFragment               bool
-	TLSFragmentFallbackDelay  time.Duration
-	TLSRecordFragment         bool

 	NetworkStrategy     *C.NetworkStrategy
 	NetworkType         []C.InterfaceType
 	FallbackNetworkType []C.InterfaceType
 	FallbackDelay       time.Duration

+	DNSServer string
+
 	DestinationAddresses []netip.Addr
 	SourceGeoIPCode      string
 	GeoIPCode            string
-	ProcessInfo          *ConnectionOwner
+	ProcessInfo          *process.Info
 	QueryType            uint16
 	FakeIP               bool

@@ -135,7 +133,8 @@ func ExtendContext(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, *InboundContext) {

 func OverrideContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
 	if metadata := ContextFrom(ctx); metadata != nil {
-		newMetadata := *metadata
+		var newMetadata InboundContext
+		newMetadata = *metadata
 		return WithContext(ctx, &newMetadata)
 	}
 	return ctx
--- a/adapter/inbound/manager.go
+++ b/adapter/inbound/manager.go
@@ -37,14 +37,13 @@ func NewManager(logger log.ContextLogger, registry adapter.InboundRegistry, endp

 func (m *Manager) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
 	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	if m.started && m.stage >= stage {
 		panic("already started")
 	}
 	m.started = true
 	m.stage = stage
-	inbounds := m.inbounds
-	m.access.Unlock()
-	for _, inbound := range inbounds {
+	for _, inbound := range m.inbounds {
 		err := adapter.LegacyStart(inbound, stage)
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, stage, " inbound/", inbound.Type(), "[", inbound.Tag(), "]")
--- a/adapter/lifecycle.go
+++ b/adapter/lifecycle.go
@@ -2,11 +2,6 @@ package adapter

 import E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"

-type SimpleLifecycle interface {
-	Start() error
-	Close() error
-}
-
 type StartStage uint8

 const (
--- a/adapter/lifecycle_legacy.go
+++ b/adapter/lifecycle_legacy.go
@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ func LegacyStart(starter any, stage StartStage) error {
 }

 type lifecycleServiceWrapper struct {
-	SimpleLifecycle
+	Service
 	name string
 }

-func NewLifecycleService(service SimpleLifecycle, name string) LifecycleService {
+func NewLifecycleService(service Service, name string) LifecycleService {
 	return &lifecycleServiceWrapper{
-		SimpleLifecycle: service,
-		name:            name,
+		Service: service,
+		name:    name,
 	}
 }

@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ func (l *lifecycleServiceWrapper) Name() string {
 }

 func (l *lifecycleServiceWrapper) Start(stage StartStage) error {
-	return LegacyStart(l.SimpleLifecycle, stage)
+	return LegacyStart(l.Service, stage)
 }

 func (l *lifecycleServiceWrapper) Close() error {
-	return l.SimpleLifecycle.Close()
+	return l.Service.Close()
 }
--- a/adapter/network.go
+++ b/adapter/network.go
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (

 type NetworkManager interface {
 	Lifecycle
-	Initialize(ruleSets []RuleSet)
 	InterfaceFinder() control.InterfaceFinder
 	UpdateInterfaces() error
 	DefaultNetworkInterface() *NetworkInterface
@@ -21,25 +20,20 @@ type NetworkManager interface {
 	DefaultOptions() NetworkOptions
 	RegisterAutoRedirectOutputMark(mark uint32) error
 	AutoRedirectOutputMark() uint32
-	AutoRedirectOutputMarkFunc() control.Func
 	NetworkMonitor() tun.NetworkUpdateMonitor
 	InterfaceMonitor() tun.DefaultInterfaceMonitor
 	PackageManager() tun.PackageManager
-	NeedWIFIState() bool
 	WIFIState() WIFIState
-	UpdateWIFIState()
 	ResetNetwork()
 }

 type NetworkOptions struct {
-	BindInterface        string
-	RoutingMark          uint32
-	DomainResolver       string
-	DomainResolveOptions DNSQueryOptions
-	NetworkStrategy      *C.NetworkStrategy
-	NetworkType          []C.InterfaceType
-	FallbackNetworkType  []C.InterfaceType
-	FallbackDelay        time.Duration
+	NetworkStrategy     *C.NetworkStrategy
+	NetworkType         []C.InterfaceType
+	FallbackNetworkType []C.InterfaceType
+	FallbackDelay       time.Duration
+	BindInterface       string
+	RoutingMark         uint32
 }

 type InterfaceUpdateListener interface {
--- a/adapter/outbound.go
+++ b/adapter/outbound.go
@@ -2,12 +2,9 @@ package adapter

 import (
 	"context"
-	"net/netip"
-	"time"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-tun"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 )

@@ -21,17 +18,6 @@ type Outbound interface {
 	N.Dialer
 }

-type OutboundWithPreferredRoutes interface {
-	Outbound
-	PreferredDomain(domain string) bool
-	PreferredAddress(address netip.Addr) bool
-}
-
-type DirectRouteOutbound interface {
-	Outbound
-	NewDirectRouteConnection(metadata InboundContext, routeContext tun.DirectRouteContext, timeout time.Duration) (tun.DirectRouteDestination, error)
-}
-
 type OutboundRegistry interface {
 	option.OutboundOptionsRegistry
 	CreateOutbound(ctx context.Context, router Router, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, outboundType string, options any) (Outbound, error)
--- a/adapter/outbound/manager.go
+++ b/adapter/outbound/manager.go
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ type Manager struct {
 	registry                adapter.OutboundRegistry
 	endpoint                adapter.EndpointManager
 	defaultTag              string
-	access                  sync.RWMutex
+	access                  sync.Mutex
 	started                 bool
 	stage                   adapter.StartStage
 	outbounds               []adapter.Outbound
 	outboundByTag           map[string]adapter.Outbound
 	dependByTag             map[string][]string
 	defaultOutbound         adapter.Outbound
-	defaultOutboundFallback func() (adapter.Outbound, error)
+	defaultOutboundFallback adapter.Outbound
 }

 func NewManager(logger logger.ContextLogger, registry adapter.OutboundRegistry, endpoint adapter.EndpointManager, defaultTag string) *Manager {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func NewManager(logger logger.ContextLogger, registry adapter.OutboundRegistry,
 	}
 }

-func (m *Manager) Initialize(defaultOutboundFallback func() (adapter.Outbound, error)) {
+func (m *Manager) Initialize(defaultOutboundFallback adapter.Outbound) {
 	m.defaultOutboundFallback = defaultOutboundFallback
 }

@@ -55,31 +55,18 @@ func (m *Manager) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
 	}
 	m.started = true
 	m.stage = stage
+	outbounds := m.outbounds
+	m.access.Unlock()
 	if stage == adapter.StartStateStart {
 		if m.defaultTag != "" && m.defaultOutbound == nil {
 			defaultEndpoint, loaded := m.endpoint.Get(m.defaultTag)
 			if !loaded {
-				m.access.Unlock()
 				return E.New("default outbound not found: ", m.defaultTag)
 			}
 			m.defaultOutbound = defaultEndpoint
 		}
-		if m.defaultOutbound == nil {
-			directOutbound, err := m.defaultOutboundFallback()
-			if err != nil {
-				m.access.Unlock()
-				return E.Cause(err, "create direct outbound for fallback")
-			}
-			m.outbounds = append(m.outbounds, directOutbound)
-			m.outboundByTag[directOutbound.Tag()] = directOutbound
-			m.defaultOutbound = directOutbound
-		}
-		outbounds := m.outbounds
-		m.access.Unlock()
 		return m.startOutbounds(append(outbounds, common.Map(m.endpoint.Endpoints(), func(it adapter.Endpoint) adapter.Outbound { return it })...))
 	} else {
-		outbounds := m.outbounds
-		m.access.Unlock()
 		for _, outbound := range outbounds {
 			err := adapter.LegacyStart(outbound, stage)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -182,15 +169,15 @@ func (m *Manager) Close() error {
 }

 func (m *Manager) Outbounds() []adapter.Outbound {
-	m.access.RLock()
-	defer m.access.RUnlock()
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	return m.outbounds
 }

 func (m *Manager) Outbound(tag string) (adapter.Outbound, bool) {
-	m.access.RLock()
+	m.access.Lock()
 	outbound, found := m.outboundByTag[tag]
-	m.access.RUnlock()
+	m.access.Unlock()
 	if found {
 		return outbound, true
 	}
@@ -198,16 +185,20 @@ func (m *Manager) Outbound(tag string) (adapter.Outbound, bool) {
 }

 func (m *Manager) Default() adapter.Outbound {
-	m.access.RLock()
-	defer m.access.RUnlock()
-	return m.defaultOutbound
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
+	if m.defaultOutbound != nil {
+		return m.defaultOutbound
+	} else {
+		return m.defaultOutboundFallback
+	}
 }

 func (m *Manager) Remove(tag string) error {
 	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	outbound, found := m.outboundByTag[tag]
 	if !found {
+		m.access.Unlock()
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
 	delete(m.outboundByTag, tag)
@@ -241,6 +232,7 @@ func (m *Manager) Remove(tag string) error {
 			})
 		}
 	}
+	m.access.Unlock()
 	if started {
 		return common.Close(outbound)
 	}
@@ -255,6 +247,8 @@ func (m *Manager) Create(ctx context.Context, router adapter.Router, logger log.
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	m.access.Lock()
+	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	if m.started {
 		for _, stage := range adapter.ListStartStages {
 			err = adapter.LegacyStart(outbound, stage)
@@ -263,8 +257,6 @@ func (m *Manager) Create(ctx context.Context, router adapter.Router, logger log.
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
 	if existsOutbound, loaded := m.outboundByTag[tag]; loaded {
 		if m.started {
 			err = common.Close(existsOutbound)
--- a/adapter/platform.go
+++ b/adapter/platform.go
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-package adapter
-
-import (
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-tun"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
-)
-
-type PlatformInterface interface {
-	Initialize(networkManager NetworkManager) error
-
-	UsePlatformAutoDetectInterfaceControl() bool
-	AutoDetectInterfaceControl(fd int) error
-
-	UsePlatformInterface() bool
-	OpenInterface(options *tun.Options, platformOptions option.TunPlatformOptions) (tun.Tun, error)
-
-	UsePlatformDefaultInterfaceMonitor() bool
-	CreateDefaultInterfaceMonitor(logger logger.Logger) tun.DefaultInterfaceMonitor
-
-	UsePlatformNetworkInterfaces() bool
-	NetworkInterfaces() ([]NetworkInterface, error)
-
-	UnderNetworkExtension() bool
-	NetworkExtensionIncludeAllNetworks() bool
-
-	ClearDNSCache()
-	RequestPermissionForWIFIState() error
-	ReadWIFIState() WIFIState
-	SystemCertificates() []string
-
-	UsePlatformConnectionOwnerFinder() bool
-	FindConnectionOwner(request *FindConnectionOwnerRequest) (*ConnectionOwner, error)
-
-	UsePlatformWIFIMonitor() bool
-
-	UsePlatformNotification() bool
-	SendNotification(notification *Notification) error
-}
-
-type FindConnectionOwnerRequest struct {
-	IpProtocol         int32
-	SourceAddress      string
-	SourcePort         int32
-	DestinationAddress string
-	DestinationPort    int32
-}
-
-type ConnectionOwner struct {
-	ProcessID          uint32
-	UserId             int32
-	UserName           string
-	ProcessPath        string
-	AndroidPackageName string
-}
-
-type Notification struct {
-	Identifier string
-	TypeName   string
-	TypeID     int32
-	Title      string
-	Subtitle   string
-	Body       string
-	OpenURL    string
-}
-
-type SystemProxyStatus struct {
-	Available bool
-	Enabled   bool
-}
--- a/adapter/router.go
+++ b/adapter/router.go
@@ -2,30 +2,44 @@ package adapter

 import (
 	"context"
-	"crypto/tls"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/netip"
 	"sync"
-	"time"

+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/geoip"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-tun"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/ntp"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"

+	mdns "github.com/miekg/dns"
 	"go4.org/netipx"
 )

 type Router interface {
 	Lifecycle
+
+	FakeIPStore() FakeIPStore
+
 	ConnectionRouter
-	PreMatch(metadata InboundContext, context tun.DirectRouteContext, timeout time.Duration) (tun.DirectRouteDestination, error)
+	PreMatch(metadata InboundContext) error
 	ConnectionRouterEx
+
+	GeoIPReader() *geoip.Reader
+	LoadGeosite(code string) (Rule, error)
 	RuleSet(tag string) (RuleSet, bool)
+	NeedWIFIState() bool
+
+	Exchange(ctx context.Context, message *mdns.Msg) (*mdns.Msg, error)
+	Lookup(ctx context.Context, domain string, strategy dns.DomainStrategy) ([]netip.Addr, error)
+	LookupDefault(ctx context.Context, domain string) ([]netip.Addr, error)
+	ClearDNSCache()
 	Rules() []Rule
-	AppendTracker(tracker ConnectionTracker)
+
+	SetTracker(tracker ConnectionTracker)
+
 	ResetNetwork()
 }

@@ -69,14 +83,12 @@ type RuleSetMetadata struct {
 	ContainsIPCIDRRule  bool
 }
 type HTTPStartContext struct {
-	ctx             context.Context
 	access          sync.Mutex
 	httpClientCache map[string]*http.Client
 }

-func NewHTTPStartContext(ctx context.Context) *HTTPStartContext {
+func NewHTTPStartContext() *HTTPStartContext {
 	return &HTTPStartContext{
-		ctx:             ctx,
 		httpClientCache: make(map[string]*http.Client),
 	}
 }
@@ -94,10 +106,6 @@ func (c *HTTPStartContext) HTTPClient(detour string, dialer N.Dialer) *http.Clie
 			DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
 				return dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, M.ParseSocksaddr(addr))
 			},
-			TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
-				Time:    ntp.TimeFuncFromContext(c.ctx),
-				RootCAs: RootPoolFromContext(c.ctx),
-			},
 		},
 	}
 	c.httpClientCache[detour] = httpClient
--- a/adapter/rule.go
+++ b/adapter/rule.go
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ type HeadlessRule interface {

 type Rule interface {
 	HeadlessRule
-	SimpleLifecycle
+	Service
 	Type() string
+	UpdateGeosite() error
 	Action() RuleAction
 }

--- a/adapter/service.go
+++ b/adapter/service.go
@@ -1,27 +1,6 @@
 package adapter

-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-)
-
 type Service interface {
-	Lifecycle
-	Type() string
-	Tag() string
-}
-
-type ServiceRegistry interface {
-	option.ServiceOptionsRegistry
-	Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, serviceType string, options any) (Service, error)
-}
-
-type ServiceManager interface {
-	Lifecycle
-	Services() []Service
-	Get(tag string) (Service, bool)
-	Remove(tag string) error
-	Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, serviceType string, options any) error
+	Start() error
+	Close() error
 }
--- a/adapter/service/adapter.go
+++ b/adapter/service/adapter.go
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-package service
-
-type Adapter struct {
-	serviceType string
-	serviceTag  string
-}
-
-func NewAdapter(serviceType string, serviceTag string) Adapter {
-	return Adapter{
-		serviceType: serviceType,
-		serviceTag:  serviceTag,
-	}
-}
-
-func (a *Adapter) Type() string {
-	return a.serviceType
-}
-
-func (a *Adapter) Tag() string {
-	return a.serviceTag
-}
--- a/adapter/service/manager.go
+++ b/adapter/service/manager.go
@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-package service
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"os"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/taskmonitor"
-	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-)
-
-var _ adapter.ServiceManager = (*Manager)(nil)
-
-type Manager struct {
-	logger       log.ContextLogger
-	registry     adapter.ServiceRegistry
-	access       sync.Mutex
-	started      bool
-	stage        adapter.StartStage
-	services     []adapter.Service
-	serviceByTag map[string]adapter.Service
-}
-
-func NewManager(logger log.ContextLogger, registry adapter.ServiceRegistry) *Manager {
-	return &Manager{
-		logger:       logger,
-		registry:     registry,
-		serviceByTag: make(map[string]adapter.Service),
-	}
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	if m.started && m.stage >= stage {
-		panic("already started")
-	}
-	m.started = true
-	m.stage = stage
-	services := m.services
-	m.access.Unlock()
-	for _, service := range services {
-		err := adapter.LegacyStart(service, stage)
-		if err != nil {
-			return E.Cause(err, stage, " service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) Close() error {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
-	if !m.started {
-		return nil
-	}
-	m.started = false
-	services := m.services
-	m.services = nil
-	monitor := taskmonitor.New(m.logger, C.StopTimeout)
-	var err error
-	for _, service := range services {
-		monitor.Start("close service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
-		err = E.Append(err, service.Close(), func(err error) error {
-			return E.Cause(err, "close service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
-		})
-		monitor.Finish()
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) Services() []adapter.Service {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
-	return m.services
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) Get(tag string) (adapter.Service, bool) {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	service, found := m.serviceByTag[tag]
-	m.access.Unlock()
-	return service, found
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) Remove(tag string) error {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	service, found := m.serviceByTag[tag]
-	if !found {
-		m.access.Unlock()
-		return os.ErrInvalid
-	}
-	delete(m.serviceByTag, tag)
-	index := common.Index(m.services, func(it adapter.Service) bool {
-		return it == service
-	})
-	if index == -1 {
-		panic("invalid service index")
-	}
-	m.services = append(m.services[:index], m.services[index+1:]...)
-	started := m.started
-	m.access.Unlock()
-	if started {
-		return service.Close()
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, serviceType string, options any) error {
-	service, err := m.registry.Create(ctx, logger, tag, serviceType, options)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
-	if m.started {
-		for _, stage := range adapter.ListStartStages {
-			err = adapter.LegacyStart(service, stage)
-			if err != nil {
-				return E.Cause(err, stage, " service/", service.Type(), "[", service.Tag(), "]")
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if existsService, loaded := m.serviceByTag[tag]; loaded {
-		if m.started {
-			err = existsService.Close()
-			if err != nil {
-				return E.Cause(err, "close service/", existsService.Type(), "[", existsService.Tag(), "]")
-			}
-		}
-		existsIndex := common.Index(m.services, func(it adapter.Service) bool {
-			return it == existsService
-		})
-		if existsIndex == -1 {
-			panic("invalid service index")
-		}
-		m.services = append(m.services[:existsIndex], m.services[existsIndex+1:]...)
-	}
-	m.services = append(m.services, service)
-	m.serviceByTag[tag] = service
-	return nil
-}
--- a/adapter/service/registry.go
+++ b/adapter/service/registry.go
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-package service
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-)
-
-type ConstructorFunc[T any] func(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, options T) (adapter.Service, error)
-
-func Register[Options any](registry *Registry, outboundType string, constructor ConstructorFunc[Options]) {
-	registry.register(outboundType, func() any {
-		return new(Options)
-	}, func(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, rawOptions any) (adapter.Service, error) {
-		var options *Options
-		if rawOptions != nil {
-			options = rawOptions.(*Options)
-		}
-		return constructor(ctx, logger, tag, common.PtrValueOrDefault(options))
-	})
-}
-
-var _ adapter.ServiceRegistry = (*Registry)(nil)
-
-type (
-	optionsConstructorFunc func() any
-	constructorFunc        func(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, options any) (adapter.Service, error)
-)
-
-type Registry struct {
-	access      sync.Mutex
-	optionsType map[string]optionsConstructorFunc
-	constructor map[string]constructorFunc
-}
-
-func NewRegistry() *Registry {
-	return &Registry{
-		optionsType: make(map[string]optionsConstructorFunc),
-		constructor: make(map[string]constructorFunc),
-	}
-}
-
-func (m *Registry) CreateOptions(outboundType string) (any, bool) {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
-	optionsConstructor, loaded := m.optionsType[outboundType]
-	if !loaded {
-		return nil, false
-	}
-	return optionsConstructor(), true
-}
-
-func (m *Registry) Create(ctx context.Context, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, outboundType string, options any) (adapter.Service, error) {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
-	constructor, loaded := m.constructor[outboundType]
-	if !loaded {
-		return nil, E.New("outbound type not found: " + outboundType)
-	}
-	return constructor(ctx, logger, tag, options)
-}
-
-func (m *Registry) register(outboundType string, optionsConstructor optionsConstructorFunc, constructor constructorFunc) {
-	m.access.Lock()
-	defer m.access.Unlock()
-	m.optionsType[outboundType] = optionsConstructor
-	m.constructor[outboundType] = constructor
-}
--- a/adapter/ssm.go
+++ b/adapter/ssm.go
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-package adapter
-
-import (
-	"net"
-
-	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-)
-
-type ManagedSSMServer interface {
-	Inbound
-	SetTracker(tracker SSMTracker)
-	UpdateUsers(users []string, uPSKs []string) error
-}
-
-type SSMTracker interface {
-	TrackConnection(conn net.Conn, metadata InboundContext) net.Conn
-	TrackPacketConnection(conn N.PacketConn, metadata InboundContext) N.PacketConn
-}
--- a/adapter/time.go
+++ b/adapter/time.go
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ package adapter
 import "time"

 type TimeService interface {
-	SimpleLifecycle
+	Service
 	TimeFunc() func() time.Time
 }
--- a/adapter/upstream.go
+++ b/adapter/upstream.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func NewUpstreamContextHandlerEx(
 }

 func (w *myUpstreamContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	_, myMetadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
+	myMetadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		myMetadata.Source = source
 	}
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (w *myUpstreamContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context,
 }

 func (w *myUpstreamContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewPacketConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn N.PacketConn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	_, myMetadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
+	myMetadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		myMetadata.Source = source
 	}
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ type routeContextHandlerWrapperEx struct {
 }

 func (r *routeContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn net.Conn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	_, metadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
+	metadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		metadata.Source = source
 	}
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func (r *routeContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn
 }

 func (r *routeContextHandlerWrapperEx) NewPacketConnectionEx(ctx context.Context, conn N.PacketConn, source M.Socksaddr, destination M.Socksaddr, onClose N.CloseHandlerFunc) {
-	_, metadata := ExtendContext(ctx)
+	metadata := ContextFrom(ctx)
 	if source.IsValid() {
 		metadata.Source = source
 	}
--- a/adapter/upstream_legacy.go
+++ b/adapter/upstream_legacy.go
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ func (w *myUpstreamHandlerWrapper) NewError(ctx context.Context, err error) {
 // Deprecated: removed
 func UpstreamMetadata(metadata InboundContext) M.Metadata {
 	return M.Metadata{
-		Source:      metadata.Source.Unwrap(),
-		Destination: metadata.Destination.Unwrap(),
+		Source:      metadata.Source,
+		Destination: metadata.Destination,
 	}
 }

--- a/box.go
+++ b/box.go
@@ -12,16 +12,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/endpoint"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/inbound"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/outbound"
-	boxService "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter/service"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/certificate"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/conntrack"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/dialer"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/taskmonitor"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/tls"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/dns"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/dns/transport/local"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/cachefile"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/libbox/platform"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/protocol/direct"
@@ -34,23 +32,20 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service/pause"
 )

-var _ adapter.SimpleLifecycle = (*Box)(nil)
+var _ adapter.Service = (*Box)(nil)

 type Box struct {
-	createdAt       time.Time
-	logFactory      log.Factory
-	logger          log.ContextLogger
-	network         *route.NetworkManager
-	endpoint        *endpoint.Manager
-	inbound         *inbound.Manager
-	outbound        *outbound.Manager
-	service         *boxService.Manager
-	dnsTransport    *dns.TransportManager
-	dnsRouter       *dns.Router
-	connection      *route.ConnectionManager
-	router          *route.Router
-	internalService []adapter.LifecycleService
-	done            chan struct{}
+	createdAt  time.Time
+	logFactory log.Factory
+	logger     log.ContextLogger
+	network    *route.NetworkManager
+	endpoint   *endpoint.Manager
+	inbound    *inbound.Manager
+	outbound   *outbound.Manager
+	connection *route.ConnectionManager
+	router     *route.Router
+	services   []adapter.LifecycleService
+	done       chan struct{}
 }

 type Options struct {
@@ -64,8 +59,6 @@ func Context(
 	inboundRegistry adapter.InboundRegistry,
 	outboundRegistry adapter.OutboundRegistry,
 	endpointRegistry adapter.EndpointRegistry,
-	dnsTransportRegistry adapter.DNSTransportRegistry,
-	serviceRegistry adapter.ServiceRegistry,
 ) context.Context {
 	if service.FromContext[option.InboundOptionsRegistry](ctx) == nil ||
 		service.FromContext[adapter.InboundRegistry](ctx) == nil {
@@ -82,14 +75,6 @@ func Context(
 		ctx = service.ContextWith[option.EndpointOptionsRegistry](ctx, endpointRegistry)
 		ctx = service.ContextWith[adapter.EndpointRegistry](ctx, endpointRegistry)
 	}
-	if service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportRegistry](ctx) == nil {
-		ctx = service.ContextWith[option.DNSTransportOptionsRegistry](ctx, dnsTransportRegistry)
-		ctx = service.ContextWith[adapter.DNSTransportRegistry](ctx, dnsTransportRegistry)
-	}
-	if service.FromContext[adapter.ServiceRegistry](ctx) == nil {
-		ctx = service.ContextWith[option.ServiceOptionsRegistry](ctx, serviceRegistry)
-		ctx = service.ContextWith[adapter.ServiceRegistry](ctx, serviceRegistry)
-	}
 	return ctx
 }

@@ -100,12 +85,9 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		ctx = context.Background()
 	}
 	ctx = service.ContextWithDefaultRegistry(ctx)
-
 	endpointRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.EndpointRegistry](ctx)
 	inboundRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.InboundRegistry](ctx)
 	outboundRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundRegistry](ctx)
-	dnsTransportRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportRegistry](ctx)
-	serviceRegistry := service.FromContext[adapter.ServiceRegistry](ctx)

 	if endpointRegistry == nil {
 		return nil, E.New("missing endpoint registry in context")
@@ -116,16 +98,13 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 	if outboundRegistry == nil {
 		return nil, E.New("missing outbound registry in context")
 	}
-	if dnsTransportRegistry == nil {
-		return nil, E.New("missing DNS transport registry in context")
-	}
-	if serviceRegistry == nil {
-		return nil, E.New("missing service registry in context")
-	}

 	ctx = pause.WithDefaultManager(ctx)
 	experimentalOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.Experimental)
-	applyDebugOptions(common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.Debug))
+	debugOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.Debug)
+	applyDebugOptions(debugOptions)
+	ctx = conntrack.ContextWithDefaultTracker(ctx, debugOptions.OOMKiller, uint64(debugOptions.MemoryLimit))
+
 	var needCacheFile bool
 	var needClashAPI bool
 	var needV2RayAPI bool
@@ -138,7 +117,7 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 	if experimentalOptions.V2RayAPI != nil && experimentalOptions.V2RayAPI.Listen != "" {
 		needV2RayAPI = true
 	}
-	platformInterface := service.FromContext[adapter.PlatformInterface](ctx)
+	platformInterface := service.FromContext[platform.Interface](ctx)
 	var defaultLogWriter io.Writer
 	if platformInterface != nil {
 		defaultLogWriter = io.Discard
@@ -155,75 +134,33 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		return nil, E.Cause(err, "create log factory")
 	}

-	var internalServices []adapter.LifecycleService
-	certificateOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.Certificate)
-	if C.IsAndroid || certificateOptions.Store != "" && certificateOptions.Store != C.CertificateStoreSystem ||
-		len(certificateOptions.Certificate) > 0 ||
-		len(certificateOptions.CertificatePath) > 0 ||
-		len(certificateOptions.CertificateDirectoryPath) > 0 {
-		certificateStore, err := certificate.NewStore(ctx, logFactory.NewLogger("certificate"), certificateOptions)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		service.MustRegister[adapter.CertificateStore](ctx, certificateStore)
-		internalServices = append(internalServices, certificateStore)
-	}
-
 	routeOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.Route)
-	dnsOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.DNS)
 	endpointManager := endpoint.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("endpoint"), endpointRegistry)
 	inboundManager := inbound.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("inbound"), inboundRegistry, endpointManager)
 	outboundManager := outbound.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("outbound"), outboundRegistry, endpointManager, routeOptions.Final)
-	dnsTransportManager := dns.NewTransportManager(logFactory.NewLogger("dns/transport"), dnsTransportRegistry, outboundManager, dnsOptions.Final)
-	serviceManager := boxService.NewManager(logFactory.NewLogger("service"), serviceRegistry)
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.EndpointManager](ctx, endpointManager)
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.InboundManager](ctx, inboundManager)
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.OutboundManager](ctx, outboundManager)
-	service.MustRegister[adapter.DNSTransportManager](ctx, dnsTransportManager)
-	service.MustRegister[adapter.ServiceManager](ctx, serviceManager)
-	dnsRouter := dns.NewRouter(ctx, logFactory, dnsOptions)
-	service.MustRegister[adapter.DNSRouter](ctx, dnsRouter)
-	networkManager, err := route.NewNetworkManager(ctx, logFactory.NewLogger("network"), routeOptions, dnsOptions)
+
+	networkManager, err := route.NewNetworkManager(ctx, logFactory.NewLogger("network"), routeOptions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize network manager")
 	}
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.NetworkManager](ctx, networkManager)
 	connectionManager := route.NewConnectionManager(logFactory.NewLogger("connection"))
 	service.MustRegister[adapter.ConnectionManager](ctx, connectionManager)
-	router := route.NewRouter(ctx, logFactory, routeOptions, dnsOptions)
-	service.MustRegister[adapter.Router](ctx, router)
-	err = router.Initialize(routeOptions.Rules, routeOptions.RuleSet)
+	router, err := route.NewRouter(ctx, logFactory, routeOptions, common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.DNS))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize router")
 	}
+
 	ntpOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(options.NTP)
 	var timeService *tls.TimeServiceWrapper
 	if ntpOptions.Enabled {
 		timeService = new(tls.TimeServiceWrapper)
 		service.MustRegister[ntp.TimeService](ctx, timeService)
 	}
-	for i, transportOptions := range dnsOptions.Servers {
-		var tag string
-		if transportOptions.Tag != "" {
-			tag = transportOptions.Tag
-		} else {
-			tag = F.ToString(i)
-		}
-		err = dnsTransportManager.Create(
-			ctx,
-			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("dns/", transportOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
-			tag,
-			transportOptions.Type,
-			transportOptions.Options,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize DNS server[", i, "]")
-		}
-	}
-	err = dnsRouter.Initialize(dnsOptions.Rules)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize dns router")
-	}
+
 	for i, endpointOptions := range options.Endpoints {
 		var tag string
 		if endpointOptions.Tag != "" {
@@ -231,15 +168,7 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		} else {
 			tag = F.ToString(i)
 		}
-		endpointCtx := ctx
-		if tag != "" {
-			// TODO: remove this
-			endpointCtx = adapter.WithContext(endpointCtx, &adapter.InboundContext{
-				Outbound: tag,
-			})
-		}
-		err = endpointManager.Create(
-			endpointCtx,
+		err = endpointManager.Create(ctx,
 			router,
 			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("endpoint/", endpointOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
 			tag,
@@ -247,7 +176,7 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			endpointOptions.Options,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize endpoint[", i, "]")
+			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize inbound[", i, "]")
 		}
 	}
 	for i, inboundOptions := range options.Inbounds {
@@ -257,8 +186,7 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		} else {
 			tag = F.ToString(i)
 		}
-		err = inboundManager.Create(
-			ctx,
+		err = inboundManager.Create(ctx,
 			router,
 			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("inbound/", inboundOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
 			tag,
@@ -295,51 +223,26 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize outbound[", i, "]")
 		}
 	}
-	for i, serviceOptions := range options.Services {
-		var tag string
-		if serviceOptions.Tag != "" {
-			tag = serviceOptions.Tag
-		} else {
-			tag = F.ToString(i)
-		}
-		err = serviceManager.Create(
-			ctx,
-			logFactory.NewLogger(F.ToString("service/", serviceOptions.Type, "[", tag, "]")),
-			tag,
-			serviceOptions.Type,
-			serviceOptions.Options,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize service[", i, "]")
-		}
-	}
-	outboundManager.Initialize(func() (adapter.Outbound, error) {
-		return direct.NewOutbound(
+	outboundManager.Initialize(common.Must1(
+		direct.NewOutbound(
 			ctx,
 			router,
 			logFactory.NewLogger("outbound/direct"),
 			"direct",
 			option.DirectOutboundOptions{},
-		)
-	})
-	dnsTransportManager.Initialize(func() (adapter.DNSTransport, error) {
-		return local.NewTransport(
-			ctx,
-			logFactory.NewLogger("dns/local"),
-			"local",
-			option.LocalDNSServerOptions{},
-		)
-	})
+		),
+	))
 	if platformInterface != nil {
 		err = platformInterface.Initialize(networkManager)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "initialize platform interface")
 		}
 	}
+	var services []adapter.LifecycleService
 	if needCacheFile {
 		cacheFile := cachefile.New(ctx, common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.CacheFile))
 		service.MustRegister[adapter.CacheFile](ctx, cacheFile)
-		internalServices = append(internalServices, cacheFile)
+		services = append(services, cacheFile)
 	}
 	if needClashAPI {
 		clashAPIOptions := common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.ClashAPI)
@@ -348,9 +251,9 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "create clash-server")
 		}
-		router.AppendTracker(clashServer)
+		router.SetTracker(clashServer)
 		service.MustRegister[adapter.ClashServer](ctx, clashServer)
-		internalServices = append(internalServices, clashServer)
+		services = append(services, clashServer)
 	}
 	if needV2RayAPI {
 		v2rayServer, err := experimental.NewV2RayServer(logFactory.NewLogger("v2ray-api"), common.PtrValueOrDefault(experimentalOptions.V2RayAPI))
@@ -358,13 +261,13 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "create v2ray-server")
 		}
 		if v2rayServer.StatsService() != nil {
-			router.AppendTracker(v2rayServer.StatsService())
-			internalServices = append(internalServices, v2rayServer)
+			router.SetTracker(v2rayServer.StatsService())
+			services = append(services, v2rayServer)
 			service.MustRegister[adapter.V2RayServer](ctx, v2rayServer)
 		}
 	}
 	if ntpOptions.Enabled {
-		ntpDialer, err := dialer.New(ctx, ntpOptions.DialerOptions, ntpOptions.ServerIsDomain())
+		ntpDialer, err := dialer.New(ctx, ntpOptions.DialerOptions)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, E.Cause(err, "create NTP service")
 		}
@@ -377,23 +280,20 @@ func New(options Options) (*Box, error) {
 			WriteToSystem: ntpOptions.WriteToSystem,
 		})
 		timeService.TimeService = ntpService
-		internalServices = append(internalServices, adapter.NewLifecycleService(ntpService, "ntp service"))
+		services = append(services, adapter.NewLifecycleService(ntpService, "ntp service"))
 	}
 	return &Box{
-		network:         networkManager,
-		endpoint:        endpointManager,
-		inbound:         inboundManager,
-		outbound:        outboundManager,
-		dnsTransport:    dnsTransportManager,
-		service:         serviceManager,
-		dnsRouter:       dnsRouter,
-		connection:      connectionManager,
-		router:          router,
-		createdAt:       createdAt,
-		logFactory:      logFactory,
-		logger:          logFactory.Logger(),
-		internalService: internalServices,
-		done:            make(chan struct{}),
+		network:    networkManager,
+		endpoint:   endpointManager,
+		inbound:    inboundManager,
+		outbound:   outboundManager,
+		connection: connectionManager,
+		router:     router,
+		createdAt:  createdAt,
+		logFactory: logFactory,
+		logger:     logFactory.Logger(),
+		services:   services,
+		done:       make(chan struct{}),
 	}, nil
 }

@@ -443,15 +343,15 @@ func (s *Box) preStart() error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return E.Cause(err, "start logger")
 	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.internalService) // cache-file clash-api v2ray-api
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.services) // cache-file clash-api v2ray-api
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.network, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateInitialize, s.network, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.outbound, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.network, s.connection, s.router)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.outbound, s.network, s.connection, s.router)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -463,27 +363,31 @@ func (s *Box) start() error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStart, s.internalService)
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStart, s.services)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
+	err = s.inbound.Start(adapter.StartStateStart)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.outbound, s.network, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.connection, s.router, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStart, s.endpoint)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.internalService)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.outbound, s.network, s.connection, s.router, s.inbound, s.endpoint)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.network, s.dnsTransport, s.dnsRouter, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint, s.service)
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStatePostStart, s.services)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.internalService)
+	err = adapter.Start(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.network, s.connection, s.router, s.outbound, s.inbound, s.endpoint)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = adapter.StartNamed(adapter.StartStateStarted, s.services)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -498,9 +402,9 @@ func (s *Box) Close() error {
 		close(s.done)
 	}
 	err := common.Close(
-		s.service, s.endpoint, s.inbound, s.outbound, s.router, s.connection, s.dnsRouter, s.dnsTransport, s.network,
+		s.inbound, s.outbound, s.router, s.connection, s.network,
 	)
-	for _, lifecycleService := range s.internalService {
+	for _, lifecycleService := range s.services {
 		err = E.Append(err, lifecycleService.Close(), func(err error) error {
 			return E.Cause(err, "close ", lifecycleService.Name())
 		})
@@ -526,7 +430,3 @@ func (s *Box) Inbound() adapter.InboundManager {
 func (s *Box) Outbound() adapter.OutboundManager {
 	return s.outbound
 }
-
-func (s *Box) LogFactory() log.Factory {
-	return s.logFactory
-}
--- a/clients/android
+++ b/clients/android
--- a/clients/apple
+++ b/clients/apple
--- a/cmd/internal/app_store_connect/main.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/app_store_connect/main.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/sagernet/asc-go/asc"
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	tag := tagVersion.VersionString()
-	client := createClient(20 * time.Minute)
+	client := createClient(10 * time.Minute)

 	log.Info(tag, " list build IDs")
 	buildIDsResponse, _, err := client.TestFlight.ListBuildIDsForBetaGroup(ctx, groupID, nil)
@@ -134,7 +133,6 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 			asc.PlatformTVOS,
 		}
 	}
-	waitingForProcess := false
 	for _, platform := range platforms {
 		log.Info(string(platform), " list builds")
 		for {
@@ -146,13 +144,12 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 				return err
 			}
 			build := builds.Data[0]
-			if !waitingForProcess && (common.Contains(buildIDs, build.ID) || time.Since(build.Attributes.UploadedDate.Time) > 30*time.Minute) {
+			if common.Contains(buildIDs, build.ID) || time.Since(build.Attributes.UploadedDate.Time) > 5*time.Minute {
 				log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " waiting for process")
 				time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
 				continue
 			}
 			if *build.Attributes.ProcessingState != "VALID" {
-				waitingForProcess = true
 				log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " waiting for process: ", *build.Attributes.ProcessingState)
 				time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
 				continue
@@ -179,7 +176,7 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 			}
 			log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " publish")
 			response, err := client.TestFlight.AddBuildsToBetaGroup(ctx, groupID, []string{build.ID})
-			if response != nil && (response.StatusCode == http.StatusUnprocessableEntity || response.StatusCode == http.StatusNotFound) {
+			if response != nil && response.StatusCode == http.StatusUnprocessableEntity {
 				log.Info("waiting for process")
 				time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
 				continue
@@ -197,10 +194,6 @@ func publishTestflight(ctx context.Context) error {
 				log.Info(string(platform), " ", tag, " create submission")
 				_, _, err = client.TestFlight.CreateBetaAppReviewSubmission(ctx, build.ID)
 				if err != nil {
-					if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "ANOTHER_BUILD_IN_REVIEW") {
-						log.Error(err)
-						break
-					}
 					return err
 				}
 			}
--- a/cmd/internal/build_libbox/main.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/build_libbox/main.go
@@ -16,17 +16,15 @@ import (
 )

 var (
-	debugEnabled  bool
-	target        string
-	platform      string
-	withTailscale bool
+	debugEnabled bool
+	target       string
+	platform     string
 )

 func init() {
 	flag.BoolVar(&debugEnabled, "debug", false, "enable debug")
 	flag.StringVar(&target, "target", "android", "target platform")
 	flag.StringVar(&platform, "platform", "", "specify platform")
-	flag.BoolVar(&withTailscale, "with-tailscale", false, "build tailscale for iOS and tvOS")
 }

 func main() {
@@ -46,9 +44,7 @@ var (
 	sharedFlags []string
 	debugFlags  []string
 	sharedTags  []string
-	darwinTags  []string
-	memcTags    []string
-	notMemcTags []string
+	iosTags     []string
 	debugTags   []string
 )

@@ -59,13 +55,11 @@ func init() {
 	if err != nil {
 		currentTag = "unknown"
 	}
-	sharedFlags = append(sharedFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag+" -s -w -buildid=  -checklinkname=0")
-	debugFlags = append(debugFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag+" -checklinkname=0")
+	sharedFlags = append(sharedFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag+" -s -w -buildid=")
+	debugFlags = append(debugFlags, "-ldflags", "-X github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant.Version="+currentTag)

-	sharedTags = append(sharedTags, "with_gvisor", "with_quic", "with_wireguard", "with_utls", "with_naive_outbound", "with_clash_api", "with_conntrack", "badlinkname", "tfogo_checklinkname0")
-	darwinTags = append(darwinTags, "with_dhcp")
-	memcTags = append(memcTags, "with_tailscale")
-	notMemcTags = append(notMemcTags, "with_low_memory")
+	sharedTags = append(sharedTags, "with_gvisor", "with_quic", "with_wireguard", "with_ech", "with_utls", "with_clash_api")
+	iosTags = append(iosTags, "with_dhcp", "with_low_memory", "with_conntrack")
 	debugTags = append(debugTags, "debug")
 }

@@ -105,19 +99,18 @@ func buildAndroid() {
 		"-javapkg=io.nekohasekai",
 		"-libname=box",
 	}
-
 	if !debugEnabled {
 		args = append(args, sharedFlags...)
 	} else {
 		args = append(args, debugFlags...)
 	}

-	tags := append(sharedTags, memcTags...)
-	if debugEnabled {
-		tags = append(tags, debugTags...)
+	args = append(args, "-tags")
+	if !debugEnabled {
+		args = append(args, strings.Join(sharedTags, ","))
+	} else {
+		args = append(args, strings.Join(append(sharedTags, debugTags...), ","))
 	}
-
-	args = append(args, "-tags", strings.Join(tags, ","))
 	args = append(args, "./experimental/libbox")

 	command := exec.Command(build_shared.GoBinPath+"/gomobile", args...)
@@ -155,27 +148,20 @@ func buildApple() {
 		"-v",
 		"-target", bindTarget,
 		"-libname=box",
-		"-tags-not-macos=with_low_memory",
 	}
-	if !withTailscale {
-		args = append(args, "-tags-macos="+strings.Join(memcTags, ","))
-	}
-
 	if !debugEnabled {
 		args = append(args, sharedFlags...)
 	} else {
 		args = append(args, debugFlags...)
 	}

-	tags := append(sharedTags, darwinTags...)
-	if withTailscale {
-		tags = append(tags, memcTags...)
+	tags := append(sharedTags, iosTags...)
+	args = append(args, "-tags")
+	if !debugEnabled {
+		args = append(args, strings.Join(tags, ","))
+	} else {
+		args = append(args, strings.Join(append(tags, debugTags...), ","))
 	}
-	if debugEnabled {
-		tags = append(tags, debugTags...)
-	}
-
-	args = append(args, "-tags", strings.Join(tags, ","))
 	args = append(args, "./experimental/libbox")

 	command := exec.Command(build_shared.GoBinPath+"/gomobile", args...)
--- a/cmd/internal/build_shared/sdk.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/build_shared/sdk.go
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func FindSDK() {
 }

 func findNDK() bool {
-	const fixedVersion = "28.0.13004108"
+	const fixedVersion = "28.0.12674087"
 	const versionFile = "source.properties"
 	if fixedPath := filepath.Join(androidSDKPath, "ndk", fixedVersion); rw.IsFile(filepath.Join(fixedPath, versionFile)) {
 		androidNDKPath = fixedPath
--- a/cmd/internal/read_tag/main.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/read_tag/main.go
@@ -5,49 +5,40 @@ import (
 	"os"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/cmd/internal/build_shared"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/badversion"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 )

-var (
-	flagRunInCI    bool
-	flagRunNightly bool
-)
+var nightly bool

 func init() {
-	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunInCI, "ci", false, "Run in CI")
-	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunNightly, "nightly", false, "Run nightly")
+	flag.BoolVar(&nightly, "nightly", false, "Print nightly tag")
 }

 func main() {
 	flag.Parse()
-	var (
-		versionStr string
-		err        error
-	)
-	if flagRunNightly {
-		var version badversion.Version
-		version, err = build_shared.ReadTagVersion()
-		if err == nil {
-			versionStr = version.String()
-		}
-	} else {
-		versionStr, err = build_shared.ReadTag()
-	}
-	if flagRunInCI {
+	if nightly {
+		version, err := build_shared.ReadTagVersionRev()
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatal(err)
 		}
+		var versionStr string
+		if version.PreReleaseIdentifier != "" {
+			versionStr = version.VersionString() + "-nightly"
+		} else {
+			version.Patch++
+			versionStr = version.VersionString() + "-nightly"
+		}
 		err = setGitHubEnv("version", versionStr)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	} else {
+		tag, err := build_shared.ReadTag()
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error(err)
 			os.Stdout.WriteString("unknown\n")
 		} else {
-			os.Stdout.WriteString(versionStr + "\n")
+			os.Stdout.WriteString(tag + "\n")
 		}
 	}
 }
--- a/cmd/internal/tun_bench/main.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/tun_bench/main.go
@@ -1,284 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/netip"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"strings"
-	"syscall"
-	"time"
-
-	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/include"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/shell"
-)
-
-var iperf3Path string
-
-func main() {
-	err := main0()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-}
-
-func main0() error {
-	err := shell.Exec("sudo", "ls").Run()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	results, err := runTests()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	encoder := json.NewEncoder(os.Stdout)
-	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
-	return encoder.Encode(results)
-}
-
-func runTests() ([]TestResult, error) {
-	boxPaths := []string{
-		os.ExpandEnv("$HOME/Downloads/sing-box-1.11.15-darwin-arm64/sing-box"),
-		//"/Users/sekai/Downloads/sing-box-1.11.15-linux-arm64/sing-box",
-		"./sing-box",
-	}
-	stacks := []string{
-		"gvisor",
-		"system",
-	}
-	mtus := []int{
-		1500,
-		4064,
-		// 16384,
-		// 32768,
-		// 49152,
-		65535,
-	}
-	flagList := [][]string{
-		{},
-	}
-	var results []TestResult
-	for _, boxPath := range boxPaths {
-		for _, stack := range stacks {
-			for _, mtu := range mtus {
-				if strings.HasPrefix(boxPath, ".") {
-					for _, flags := range flagList {
-						result, err := testOnce(boxPath, stack, mtu, false, flags)
-						if err != nil {
-							return nil, err
-						}
-						results = append(results, *result)
-					}
-				} else {
-					result, err := testOnce(boxPath, stack, mtu, false, nil)
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-					results = append(results, *result)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return results, nil
-}
-
-type TestResult struct {
-	BoxPath       string   `json:"box_path"`
-	Stack         string   `json:"stack"`
-	MTU           int      `json:"mtu"`
-	Flags         []string `json:"flags"`
-	MultiThread   bool     `json:"multi_thread"`
-	UploadSpeed   string   `json:"upload_speed"`
-	DownloadSpeed string   `json:"download_speed"`
-}
-
-func testOnce(boxPath string, stackName string, mtu int, multiThread bool, flags []string) (result *TestResult, err error) {
-	testAddress := netip.MustParseAddr("1.1.1.1")
-	testConfig := option.Options{
-		Inbounds: []option.Inbound{
-			{
-				Type: C.TypeTun,
-				Options: &option.TunInboundOptions{
-					Address:      []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("172.18.0.1/30")},
-					AutoRoute:    true,
-					MTU:          uint32(mtu),
-					Stack:        stackName,
-					RouteAddress: []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(testAddress, testAddress.BitLen())},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-		Route: &option.RouteOptions{
-			Rules: []option.Rule{
-				{
-					Type: C.RuleTypeDefault,
-					DefaultOptions: option.DefaultRule{
-						RawDefaultRule: option.RawDefaultRule{
-							IPCIDR: []string{testAddress.String()},
-						},
-						RuleAction: option.RuleAction{
-							Action: C.RuleActionTypeRouteOptions,
-							RouteOptionsOptions: option.RouteOptionsActionOptions{
-								OverrideAddress: "127.0.0.1",
-							},
-						},
-					},
-				},
-			},
-			AutoDetectInterface: true,
-		},
-	}
-	ctx := include.Context(context.Background())
-	tempConfig, err := os.CreateTemp("", "tun-bench-*.json")
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	defer os.Remove(tempConfig.Name())
-	encoder := json.NewEncoderContext(ctx, tempConfig)
-	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
-	err = encoder.Encode(testConfig)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, E.Cause(err, "encode test config")
-	}
-	tempConfig.Close()
-	var sudoArgs []string
-	if len(flags) > 0 {
-		sudoArgs = append(sudoArgs, "env")
-		sudoArgs = append(sudoArgs, flags...)
-	}
-	sudoArgs = append(sudoArgs, boxPath, "run", "-c", tempConfig.Name())
-	boxProcess := shell.Exec("sudo", sudoArgs...)
-	boxProcess.Stdout = &stderrWriter{}
-	boxProcess.Stderr = io.Discard
-	err = boxProcess.Start()
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	if C.IsDarwin {
-		iperf3Path, err = exec.LookPath("iperf3-darwin")
-	} else {
-		iperf3Path, err = exec.LookPath("iperf3")
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	serverProcess := shell.Exec(iperf3Path, "-s")
-	serverProcess.Stdout = io.Discard
-	serverProcess.Stderr = io.Discard
-	err = serverProcess.Start()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, E.Cause(err, "start iperf3 server")
-	}
-
-	time.Sleep(time.Second)
-
-	args := []string{"-c", testAddress.String()}
-	if multiThread {
-		args = append(args, "-P", "10")
-	}
-
-	uploadProcess := shell.Exec(iperf3Path, args...)
-	output, err := uploadProcess.Read()
-	if err != nil {
-		boxProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
-		serverProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
-		println(output)
-		return
-	}
-
-	uploadResult := common.SubstringBeforeLast(output, "iperf Done.")
-	uploadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(uploadResult, "sender")
-	uploadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(uploadResult, "bits/sec")
-	uploadResult = common.SubstringAfterLast(uploadResult, "Bytes")
-	uploadResult = strings.ReplaceAll(uploadResult, " ", "")
-
-	result = &TestResult{
-		BoxPath:     boxPath,
-		Stack:       stackName,
-		MTU:         mtu,
-		Flags:       flags,
-		MultiThread: multiThread,
-		UploadSpeed: uploadResult,
-	}
-
-	downloadProcess := shell.Exec(iperf3Path, append(args, "-R")...)
-	output, err = downloadProcess.Read()
-	if err != nil {
-		boxProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
-		serverProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL)
-		println(output)
-		return
-	}
-
-	downloadResult := common.SubstringBeforeLast(output, "iperf Done.")
-	downloadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(downloadResult, "receiver")
-	downloadResult = common.SubstringBeforeLast(downloadResult, "bits/sec")
-	downloadResult = common.SubstringAfterLast(downloadResult, "Bytes")
-	downloadResult = strings.ReplaceAll(downloadResult, " ", "")
-
-	result.DownloadSpeed = downloadResult
-
-	printArgs := []any{boxPath, stackName, mtu, "upload", uploadResult, "download", downloadResult}
-	if len(flags) > 0 {
-		printArgs = append(printArgs, "flags", strings.Join(flags, " "))
-	}
-	if multiThread {
-		printArgs = append(printArgs, "(-P 10)")
-	}
-	fmt.Println(printArgs...)
-	err = boxProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	err = serverProcess.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	boxDone := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		boxProcess.Cmd.Wait()
-		close(boxDone)
-	}()
-
-	serverDone := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		serverProcess.Process.Wait()
-		close(serverDone)
-	}()
-
-	select {
-	case <-boxDone:
-	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
-		boxProcess.Process.Kill()
-	case <-time.After(4 * time.Second):
-		println("box process did not close!")
-		os.Exit(1)
-	}
-
-	select {
-	case <-serverDone:
-	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
-		serverProcess.Process.Kill()
-	case <-time.After(4 * time.Second):
-		println("server process did not close!")
-		os.Exit(1)
-	}
-
-	return
-}
-
-type stderrWriter struct{}
-
-func (w *stderrWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
-	return os.Stderr.Write(p)
-}
--- a/cmd/internal/update_android_version/main.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/update_android_version/main.go
@@ -13,14 +13,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 )

-var (
-	flagRunInCI    bool
-	flagRunNightly bool
-)
+var flagRunInCI bool

 func init() {
 	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunInCI, "ci", false, "Run in CI")
-	flag.BoolVar(&flagRunNightly, "nightly", false, "Run nightly")
 }

 func main() {
@@ -50,23 +46,21 @@ func main() {
 		switch propPair[0] {
 		case "VERSION_NAME":
 			if propPair[1] != newVersion {
-				log.Info("updated version from ", propPair[1], " to ", newVersion)
 				versionUpdated = true
 				propPair[1] = newVersion
+				log.Info("updated version to ", newVersion)
 			}
 		case "GO_VERSION":
 			if propPair[1] != runtime.Version() {
-				log.Info("updated Go version from ", propPair[1], " to ", runtime.Version())
 				goVersionUpdated = true
 				propPair[1] = runtime.Version()
+				log.Info("updated Go version to ", runtime.Version())
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	if !(versionUpdated || goVersionUpdated) {
 		log.Info("version not changed")
 		return
-	} else if flagRunInCI && !flagRunNightly {
-		log.Fatal("version changed, commit changes first.")
 	}
 	for _, propPair := range propsList {
 		switch propPair[0] {
--- a/cmd/internal/update_certificates/main.go
+++ b/cmd/internal/update_certificates/main.go
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"encoding/csv"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"os"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-
-	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	err := updateMozillaIncludedRootCAs()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Error(err)
-	}
-}
-
-func updateMozillaIncludedRootCAs() error {
-	response, err := http.Get("https://ccadb.my.salesforce-sites.com/mozilla/IncludedCACertificateReportPEMCSV")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer response.Body.Close()
-	reader := csv.NewReader(response.Body)
-	header, err := reader.Read()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	geoIndex := slices.Index(header, "Geographic Focus")
-	nameIndex := slices.Index(header, "Common Name or Certificate Name")
-	certIndex := slices.Index(header, "PEM Info")
-
-	generated := strings.Builder{}
-	generated.WriteString(`// Code generated by 'make update_certificates'. DO NOT EDIT.
-
-package certificate
-
-import "crypto/x509"
-
-var mozillaIncluded *x509.CertPool
-
-func init() {
-	mozillaIncluded = x509.NewCertPool()
-`)
-	for {
-		record, err := reader.Read()
-		if err == io.EOF {
-			break
-		} else if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if record[geoIndex] == "China" {
-			continue
-		}
-		generated.WriteString("\n	// ")
-		generated.WriteString(record[nameIndex])
-		generated.WriteString("\n")
-		generated.WriteString("	mozillaIncluded.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(`")
-		cert := record[certIndex]
-		// Remove single quotes
-		cert = cert[1 : len(cert)-1]
-		generated.WriteString(cert)
-		generated.WriteString("`))\n")
-	}
-	generated.WriteString("}\n")
-	return os.WriteFile("common/certificate/mozilla.go", []byte(generated.String()), 0o644)
-}
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/deprecated"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/include"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
@@ -67,5 +68,6 @@ func preRun(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	if len(configPaths) == 0 && len(configDirectories) == 0 {
 		configPaths = append(configPaths, "config.json")
 	}
-	globalCtx = include.Context(service.ContextWith(globalCtx, deprecated.NewStderrManager(log.StdLogger())))
+	globalCtx = service.ContextWith(globalCtx, deprecated.NewStderrManager(log.StdLogger()))
+	globalCtx = box.Context(globalCtx, include.InboundRegistry(), include.OutboundRegistry(), include.EndpointRegistry())
 }
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_generate_ech.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_generate_ech.go
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )

+var pqSignatureSchemesEnabled bool
+
 var commandGenerateECHKeyPair = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "ech-keypair <plain_server_name>",
 	Short: "Generate TLS ECH key pair",
@@ -22,11 +24,12 @@ var commandGenerateECHKeyPair = &cobra.Command{
 }

 func init() {
+	commandGenerateECHKeyPair.Flags().BoolVar(&pqSignatureSchemesEnabled, "pq-signature-schemes-enabled", false, "Enable PQ signature schemes")
 	commandGenerate.AddCommand(commandGenerateECHKeyPair)
 }

 func generateECHKeyPair(serverName string) error {
-	configPem, keyPem, err := tls.ECHKeygenDefault(serverName)
+	configPem, keyPem, err := tls.ECHKeygenDefault(serverName, pqSignatureSchemesEnabled)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_generate_tls.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_generate_tls.go
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func init() {
 }

 func generateTLSKeyPair(serverName string) error {
-	privateKeyPem, publicKeyPem, err := tls.GenerateCertificate(nil, nil, time.Now, serverName, time.Now().AddDate(0, flagGenerateTLSKeyPairMonths, 0))
+	privateKeyPem, publicKeyPem, err := tls.GenerateKeyPair(time.Now, serverName, time.Now().AddDate(0, flagGenerateTLSKeyPairMonths, 0))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_compile.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_compile.go
@@ -6,10 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
-	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/route/rule"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"

 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -71,7 +69,7 @@ func compileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	err = srs.Write(outputFile, plainRuleSet.Options, downgradeRuleSetVersion(plainRuleSet.Version, plainRuleSet.Options))
+	err = srs.Write(outputFile, plainRuleSet.Options, plainRuleSet.Version)
 	if err != nil {
 		outputFile.Close()
 		os.Remove(outputPath)
@@ -80,18 +78,3 @@ func compileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	outputFile.Close()
 	return nil
 }
-
-func downgradeRuleSetVersion(version uint8, options option.PlainRuleSet) uint8 {
-	if version == C.RuleSetVersion4 && !rule.HasHeadlessRule(options.Rules, func(rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) bool {
-		return rule.NetworkInterfaceAddress != nil && rule.NetworkInterfaceAddress.Size() > 0 ||
-			len(rule.DefaultInterfaceAddress) > 0
-	}) {
-		version = C.RuleSetVersion3
-	}
-	if version == C.RuleSetVersion3 && !rule.HasHeadlessRule(options.Rules, func(rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) bool {
-		return len(rule.NetworkType) > 0 || rule.NetworkIsExpensive || rule.NetworkIsConstrained
-	}) {
-		version = C.RuleSetVersion2
-	}
-	return version
-}
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_convert.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_convert.go
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"strings"

-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/convertor/adguard"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/cmd/sing-box/internal/convertor/adguard"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func convertRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	var rules []option.HeadlessRule
 	switch flagRuleSetConvertType {
 	case "adguard":
-		rules, err = adguard.ToOptions(reader, log.StdLogger())
+		rules, err = adguard.Convert(reader)
 	case "":
 		return E.New("source type is required")
 	default:
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_decompile.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_decompile.go
@@ -6,10 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
-	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/json"

 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -53,11 +50,6 @@ func decompileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if hasRule(ruleSet.Options.Rules, func(rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) bool {
-		return len(rule.AdGuardDomain) > 0
-	}) {
-		return E.New("unable to decompile binary AdGuard rules to rule-set.")
-	}
 	var outputPath string
 	if flagRuleSetDecompileOutput == flagRuleSetDecompileDefaultOutput {
 		if strings.HasSuffix(sourcePath, ".srs") {
@@ -83,19 +75,3 @@ func decompileRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 	outputFile.Close()
 	return nil
 }
-
-func hasRule(rules []option.HeadlessRule, cond func(rule option.DefaultHeadlessRule) bool) bool {
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		switch rule.Type {
-		case C.RuleTypeDefault:
-			if cond(rule.DefaultOptions) {
-				return true
-			}
-		case C.RuleTypeLogical:
-			if hasRule(rule.LogicalOptions.Rules, cond) {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_match.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_match.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"io"
 	"os"
-	"path/filepath"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/srs"
@@ -57,14 +56,6 @@ func ruleSetMatch(sourcePath string, domain string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return E.Cause(err, "read rule-set")
 	}
-	if flagRuleSetMatchFormat == "" {
-		switch filepath.Ext(sourcePath) {
-		case ".json":
-			flagRuleSetMatchFormat = C.RuleSetFormatSource
-		case ".srs":
-			flagRuleSetMatchFormat = C.RuleSetFormatBinary
-		}
-	}
 	var ruleSet option.PlainRuleSetCompat
 	switch flagRuleSetMatchFormat {
 	case C.RuleSetFormatSource:
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_upgrade.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_rule_set_upgrade.go
@@ -61,15 +61,14 @@ func upgradeRuleSet(sourcePath string) error {
 		log.Info("already up-to-date")
 		return nil
 	}
-	plainRuleSetCompat.Options, err = plainRuleSetCompat.Upgrade()
+	plainRuleSet, err := plainRuleSetCompat.Upgrade()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	plainRuleSetCompat.Version = C.RuleSetVersionCurrent
 	buffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	encoder := json.NewEncoder(buffer)
 	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
-	err = encoder.Encode(plainRuleSetCompat)
+	err = encoder.Encode(plainRuleSet)
 	if err != nil {
 		return E.Cause(err, "encode config")
 	}
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_tools_fetch_http3.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_tools_fetch_http3.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func initializeHTTP3Client(instance *box.Box) error {
 	}
 	http3Client = &http.Client{
 		Transport: &http3.Transport{
-			Dial: func(ctx context.Context, addr string, tlsCfg *tls.Config, cfg *quic.Config) (*quic.Conn, error) {
+			Dial: func(ctx context.Context, addr string, tlsCfg *tls.Config, cfg *quic.Config) (quic.EarlyConnection, error) {
 				destination := M.ParseSocksaddr(addr)
 				udpConn, dErr := dialer.DialContext(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, destination)
 				if dErr != nil {
--- a/cmd/sing-box/cmd_tools_synctime.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/cmd_tools_synctime.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"os"

+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/settings"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ func syncTime() error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if commandSyncTimeWrite {
-		err = ntp.SetSystemTime(response.Time)
+		err = settings.SetSystemTime(response.Time)
 		if err != nil {
 			return E.Cause(err, "write time to system")
 		}
--- a/cmd/sing-box/internal/convertor/adguard/convertor.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/internal/convertor/adguard/convertor.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package adguard

 import (
 	"bufio"
-	"bytes"
 	"io"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
@@ -10,10 +9,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 )

@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ type agdguardRuleLine struct {
 	isImportant bool
 }

-func ToOptions(reader io.Reader, logger logger.Logger) ([]option.HeadlessRule, error) {
+func Convert(reader io.Reader) ([]option.HeadlessRule, error) {
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(reader)
 	var (
 		ruleLines    []agdguardRuleLine
@@ -37,10 +36,7 @@ func ToOptions(reader io.Reader, logger logger.Logger) ([]option.HeadlessRule, e
 parseLine:
 	for scanner.Scan() {
 		ruleLine := scanner.Text()
-		if ruleLine == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "!") || strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "#") {
+		if ruleLine == "" || ruleLine[0] == '!' || ruleLine[0] == '#' {
 			continue
 		}
 		originRuleLine := ruleLine
@@ -96,7 +92,7 @@ parseLine:
 				}
 				if !ignored {
 					ignoredLines++
-					logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with modifier: ", paramParts[0], ": ", originRuleLine)
+					log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with modifier: ", paramParts[0], ": ", ruleLine)
 					continue parseLine
 				}
 			}
@@ -124,35 +120,27 @@ parseLine:
 			ruleLine = ruleLine[1 : len(ruleLine)-1]
 			if ignoreIPCIDRRegexp(ruleLine) {
 				ignoredLines++
-				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR regexp: ", originRuleLine)
+				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR regexp: ", ruleLine)
 				continue
 			}
 			isRegexp = true
 		} else {
 			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "://") {
 				ruleLine = common.SubstringAfter(ruleLine, "://")
-				isSuffix = true
 			}
 			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "/") {
 				ignoredLines++
-				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with path: ", originRuleLine)
+				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with path: ", ruleLine)
 				continue
 			}
-			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "?") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, "&") {
+			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "##") {
 				ignoredLines++
-				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with query: ", originRuleLine)
+				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with element hiding: ", ruleLine)
 				continue
 			}
-			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "[") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, "]") ||
-				strings.Contains(ruleLine, "(") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, ")") ||
-				strings.Contains(ruleLine, "!") || strings.Contains(ruleLine, "#") {
+			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "#$#") {
 				ignoredLines++
-				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported cosmetic filter: ", originRuleLine)
-				continue
-			}
-			if strings.Contains(ruleLine, "~") {
-				ignoredLines++
-				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule modifier: ", originRuleLine)
+				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with element hiding: ", ruleLine)
 				continue
 			}
 			var domainCheck string
@@ -163,7 +151,7 @@ parseLine:
 			}
 			if ruleLine == "" {
 				ignoredLines++
-				logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with empty domain", originRuleLine)
+				log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with empty domain", originRuleLine)
 				continue
 			} else {
 				domainCheck = strings.ReplaceAll(domainCheck, "*", "x")
@@ -171,13 +159,13 @@ parseLine:
 					_, ipErr := parseADGuardIPCIDRLine(ruleLine)
 					if ipErr == nil {
 						ignoredLines++
-						logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR: ", originRuleLine)
+						log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with IPCIDR: ", ruleLine)
 						continue
 					}
 					if M.ParseSocksaddr(domainCheck).Port != 0 {
-						logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with port: ", originRuleLine)
+						log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with port: ", ruleLine)
 					} else {
-						logger.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with invalid domain: ", originRuleLine)
+						log.Debug("ignored unsupported rule with invalid domain: ", ruleLine)
 					}
 					ignoredLines++
 					continue
@@ -295,112 +283,10 @@ parseLine:
 			},
 		}
 	}
-	if ignoredLines > 0 {
-		logger.Info("parsed rules: ", len(ruleLines), "/", len(ruleLines)+ignoredLines)
-	}
+	log.Info("parsed rules: ", len(ruleLines), "/", len(ruleLines)+ignoredLines)
 	return []option.HeadlessRule{currentRule}, nil
 }

-var ErrInvalid = E.New("invalid binary AdGuard rule-set")
-
-func FromOptions(rules []option.HeadlessRule) ([]byte, error) {
-	if len(rules) != 1 {
-		return nil, ErrInvalid
-	}
-	rule := rules[0]
-	var (
-		importantDomain             []string
-		importantDomainRegex        []string
-		importantExcludeDomain      []string
-		importantExcludeDomainRegex []string
-		domain                      []string
-		domainRegex                 []string
-		excludeDomain               []string
-		excludeDomainRegex          []string
-	)
-parse:
-	for {
-		switch rule.Type {
-		case C.RuleTypeLogical:
-			if !(len(rule.LogicalOptions.Rules) == 2 && rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].Type == C.RuleTypeDefault) {
-				return nil, ErrInvalid
-			}
-			if rule.LogicalOptions.Mode == C.LogicalTypeAnd && rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.Invert {
-				if len(importantExcludeDomain) == 0 && len(importantExcludeDomainRegex) == 0 {
-					importantExcludeDomain = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
-					importantExcludeDomainRegex = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
-					if len(importantExcludeDomain)+len(importantExcludeDomainRegex) == 0 {
-						return nil, ErrInvalid
-					}
-				} else {
-					excludeDomain = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
-					excludeDomainRegex = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
-					if len(excludeDomain)+len(excludeDomainRegex) == 0 {
-						return nil, ErrInvalid
-					}
-				}
-			} else if rule.LogicalOptions.Mode == C.LogicalTypeOr && !rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.Invert {
-				importantDomain = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
-				importantDomainRegex = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[0].DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
-				if len(importantDomain)+len(importantDomainRegex) == 0 {
-					return nil, ErrInvalid
-				}
-			} else {
-				return nil, ErrInvalid
-			}
-			rule = rule.LogicalOptions.Rules[1]
-		case C.RuleTypeDefault:
-			domain = rule.DefaultOptions.AdGuardDomain
-			domainRegex = rule.DefaultOptions.DomainRegex
-			if len(domain)+len(domainRegex) == 0 {
-				return nil, ErrInvalid
-			}
-			break parse
-		}
-	}
-	var output bytes.Buffer
-	for _, ruleLine := range importantDomain {
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("$important\n")
-	}
-	for _, ruleLine := range importantDomainRegex {
-		output.WriteString("/")
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("/$important\n")
-
-	}
-	for _, ruleLine := range importantExcludeDomain {
-		output.WriteString("@@")
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("$important\n")
-	}
-	for _, ruleLine := range importantExcludeDomainRegex {
-		output.WriteString("@@/")
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("/$important\n")
-	}
-	for _, ruleLine := range domain {
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("\n")
-	}
-	for _, ruleLine := range domainRegex {
-		output.WriteString("/")
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("/\n")
-	}
-	for _, ruleLine := range excludeDomain {
-		output.WriteString("@@")
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("\n")
-	}
-	for _, ruleLine := range excludeDomainRegex {
-		output.WriteString("@@/")
-		output.WriteString(ruleLine)
-		output.WriteString("/\n")
-	}
-	return output.Bytes(), nil
-}
-
 func ignoreIPCIDRRegexp(ruleLine string) bool {
 	if strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "(http?:\\/\\/)") {
 		ruleLine = ruleLine[12:]
@@ -408,9 +294,11 @@ func ignoreIPCIDRRegexp(ruleLine string) bool {
 		ruleLine = ruleLine[13:]
 	} else if strings.HasPrefix(ruleLine, "^") {
 		ruleLine = ruleLine[1:]
+	} else {
+		return false
 	}
-	return common.Error(strconv.ParseUint(common.SubstringBefore(ruleLine, "\\."), 10, 8)) == nil ||
-		common.Error(strconv.ParseUint(common.SubstringBefore(ruleLine, "."), 10, 8)) == nil
+	_, parseErr := strconv.ParseUint(common.SubstringBefore(ruleLine, "\\."), 10, 8)
+	return parseErr == nil
 }

 func parseAdGuardHostLine(ruleLine string) (string, error) {
@@ -454,5 +342,5 @@ func parseADGuardIPCIDRLine(ruleLine string) (netip.Prefix, error) {
 	for len(ruleParts) < 4 {
 		ruleParts = append(ruleParts, 0)
 	}
-	return netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte(ruleParts)), bitLen), nil
+	return netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4(*(*[4]byte)(ruleParts)), bitLen), nil
 }
--- a/cmd/sing-box/internal/convertor/adguard/convertor_test.go
+++ b/cmd/sing-box/internal/convertor/adguard/convertor_test.go
@@ -7,15 +7,13 @@ import (

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/route/rule"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

 func TestConverter(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	ruleString := `||sagernet.org^$important
-@@|sing-box.sagernet.org^$important
+	rules, err := Convert(strings.NewReader(`
 ||example.org^
 |example.com^
 example.net^
@@ -23,9 +21,10 @@ example.net^
 ||example.edu.tw^
 |example.gov
 example.arpa
-@@|sagernet.example.org^
-`
-	rules, err := ToOptions(strings.NewReader(ruleString), logger.NOP())
+@@|sagernet.example.org|
+||sagernet.org^$important
+@@|sing-box.sagernet.org^$important
+`))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Len(t, rules, 1)
 	rule, err := rule.NewHeadlessRule(context.Background(), rules[0])
@@ -76,18 +75,15 @@ example.arpa
 			Domain: domain,
 		}), domain)
 	}
-	ruleFromOptions, err := FromOptions(rules)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, ruleString, string(ruleFromOptions))
 }

 func TestHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	rules, err := ToOptions(strings.NewReader(`
+	rules, err := Convert(strings.NewReader(`
 127.0.0.1 localhost
 ::1 localhost #[IPv6]
 0.0.0.0 google.com
-`), logger.NOP())
+`))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Len(t, rules, 1)
 	rule, err := rule.NewHeadlessRule(context.Background(), rules[0])
@@ -114,10 +110,10 @@ func TestHosts(t *testing.T) {

 func TestSimpleHosts(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	rules, err := ToOptions(strings.NewReader(`
+	rules, err := Convert(strings.NewReader(`
 example.com
 www.example.org
-`), logger.NOP())
+`))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Len(t, rules, 1)
 	rule, err := rule.NewHeadlessRule(context.Background(), rules[0])
--- a/common/badtls/raw_conn.go
+++ b/common/badtls/raw_conn.go
@@ -1,176 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.25 && badlinkname
-
-package badtls
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"os"
-	"reflect"
-	"sync/atomic"
-	"unsafe"
-
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/tls"
-)
-
-type RawConn struct {
-	pointer unsafe.Pointer
-	methods *Methods
-
-	IsClient            *bool
-	IsHandshakeComplete *atomic.Bool
-	Vers                *uint16
-	CipherSuite         *uint16
-
-	RawInput *bytes.Buffer
-	Input    *bytes.Reader
-	Hand     *bytes.Buffer
-
-	CloseNotifySent *bool
-	CloseNotifyErr  *error
-
-	In  *RawHalfConn
-	Out *RawHalfConn
-
-	BytesSent   *int64
-	PacketsSent *int64
-
-	ActiveCall *atomic.Int32
-	Tmp        *[16]byte
-}
-
-func NewRawConn(rawTLSConn tls.Conn) (*RawConn, error) {
-	var (
-		pointer unsafe.Pointer
-		methods *Methods
-		loaded  bool
-	)
-	for _, tlsCreator := range methodRegistry {
-		pointer, methods, loaded = tlsCreator(rawTLSConn)
-		if loaded {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	if !loaded {
-		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
-	}
-
-	conn := &RawConn{
-		pointer: pointer,
-		methods: methods,
-	}
-
-	rawConn := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(rawTLSConn))
-
-	rawIsClient := rawConn.FieldByName("isClient")
-	if !rawIsClient.IsValid() || rawIsClient.Kind() != reflect.Bool {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.isClient")
-	}
-	conn.IsClient = (*bool)(unsafe.Pointer(rawIsClient.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawIsHandshakeComplete := rawConn.FieldByName("isHandshakeComplete")
-	if !rawIsHandshakeComplete.IsValid() || rawIsHandshakeComplete.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.isHandshakeComplete")
-	}
-	conn.IsHandshakeComplete = (*atomic.Bool)(unsafe.Pointer(rawIsHandshakeComplete.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawVers := rawConn.FieldByName("vers")
-	if !rawVers.IsValid() || rawVers.Kind() != reflect.Uint16 {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.vers")
-	}
-	conn.Vers = (*uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(rawVers.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawCipherSuite := rawConn.FieldByName("cipherSuite")
-	if !rawCipherSuite.IsValid() || rawCipherSuite.Kind() != reflect.Uint16 {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.cipherSuite")
-	}
-	conn.CipherSuite = (*uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(rawCipherSuite.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawRawInput := rawConn.FieldByName("rawInput")
-	if !rawRawInput.IsValid() || rawRawInput.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.rawInput")
-	}
-	conn.RawInput = (*bytes.Buffer)(unsafe.Pointer(rawRawInput.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawInput := rawConn.FieldByName("input")
-	if !rawInput.IsValid() || rawInput.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.input")
-	}
-	conn.Input = (*bytes.Reader)(unsafe.Pointer(rawInput.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawHand := rawConn.FieldByName("hand")
-	if !rawHand.IsValid() || rawHand.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.hand")
-	}
-	conn.Hand = (*bytes.Buffer)(unsafe.Pointer(rawHand.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawCloseNotifySent := rawConn.FieldByName("closeNotifySent")
-	if !rawCloseNotifySent.IsValid() || rawCloseNotifySent.Kind() != reflect.Bool {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.closeNotifySent")
-	}
-	conn.CloseNotifySent = (*bool)(unsafe.Pointer(rawCloseNotifySent.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawCloseNotifyErr := rawConn.FieldByName("closeNotifyErr")
-	if !rawCloseNotifyErr.IsValid() || rawCloseNotifyErr.Kind() != reflect.Interface {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.closeNotifyErr")
-	}
-	conn.CloseNotifyErr = (*error)(unsafe.Pointer(rawCloseNotifyErr.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawIn := rawConn.FieldByName("in")
-	if !rawIn.IsValid() || rawIn.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.in")
-	}
-	halfIn, err := NewRawHalfConn(rawIn, methods)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, E.Cause(err, "invalid Conn.in")
-	}
-	conn.In = halfIn
-
-	rawOut := rawConn.FieldByName("out")
-	if !rawOut.IsValid() || rawOut.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.out")
-	}
-	halfOut, err := NewRawHalfConn(rawOut, methods)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, E.Cause(err, "invalid Conn.out")
-	}
-	conn.Out = halfOut
-
-	rawBytesSent := rawConn.FieldByName("bytesSent")
-	if !rawBytesSent.IsValid() || rawBytesSent.Kind() != reflect.Int64 {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.bytesSent")
-	}
-	conn.BytesSent = (*int64)(unsafe.Pointer(rawBytesSent.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawPacketsSent := rawConn.FieldByName("packetsSent")
-	if !rawPacketsSent.IsValid() || rawPacketsSent.Kind() != reflect.Int64 {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.packetsSent")
-	}
-	conn.PacketsSent = (*int64)(unsafe.Pointer(rawPacketsSent.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawActiveCall := rawConn.FieldByName("activeCall")
-	if !rawActiveCall.IsValid() || rawActiveCall.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.activeCall")
-	}
-	conn.ActiveCall = (*atomic.Int32)(unsafe.Pointer(rawActiveCall.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawTmp := rawConn.FieldByName("tmp")
-	if !rawTmp.IsValid() || rawTmp.Kind() != reflect.Array || rawTmp.Len() != 16 || rawTmp.Type().Elem().Kind() != reflect.Uint8 {
-		return nil, E.New("invalid Conn.tmp")
-	}
-	conn.Tmp = (*[16]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(rawTmp.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	return conn, nil
-}
-
-func (c *RawConn) ReadRecord() error {
-	return c.methods.readRecord(c.pointer)
-}
-
-func (c *RawConn) HandlePostHandshakeMessage() error {
-	return c.methods.handlePostHandshakeMessage(c.pointer)
-}
-
-func (c *RawConn) WriteRecordLocked(typ uint16, data []byte) (int, error) {
-	return c.methods.writeRecordLocked(c.pointer, typ, data)
-}
--- a/common/badtls/raw_half_conn.go
+++ b/common/badtls/raw_half_conn.go
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.25 && badlinkname
-
-package badtls
-
-import (
-	"hash"
-	"reflect"
-	"sync"
-	"unsafe"
-
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-)
-
-type RawHalfConn struct {
-	pointer unsafe.Pointer
-	methods *Methods
-	*sync.Mutex
-	Err           *error
-	Version       *uint16
-	Cipher        *any
-	Seq           *[8]byte
-	ScratchBuf    *[13]byte
-	TrafficSecret *[]byte
-	Mac           *hash.Hash
-	RawKey        *[]byte
-	RawIV         *[]byte
-	RawMac        *[]byte
-}
-
-func NewRawHalfConn(rawHalfConn reflect.Value, methods *Methods) (*RawHalfConn, error) {
-	halfConn := &RawHalfConn{
-		pointer: (unsafe.Pointer)(rawHalfConn.UnsafeAddr()),
-		methods: methods,
-	}
-
-	rawMutex := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("Mutex")
-	if !rawMutex.IsValid() || rawMutex.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.Mutex")
-	}
-	halfConn.Mutex = (*sync.Mutex)(unsafe.Pointer(rawMutex.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawErr := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("err")
-	if !rawErr.IsValid() || rawErr.Kind() != reflect.Interface {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.err")
-	}
-	halfConn.Err = (*error)(unsafe.Pointer(rawErr.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawVersion := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("version")
-	if !rawVersion.IsValid() || rawVersion.Kind() != reflect.Uint16 {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.version")
-	}
-	halfConn.Version = (*uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(rawVersion.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawCipher := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("cipher")
-	if !rawCipher.IsValid() || rawCipher.Kind() != reflect.Interface {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.cipher")
-	}
-	halfConn.Cipher = (*any)(unsafe.Pointer(rawCipher.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawSeq := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("seq")
-	if !rawSeq.IsValid() || rawSeq.Kind() != reflect.Array || rawSeq.Len() != 8 || rawSeq.Type().Elem().Kind() != reflect.Uint8 {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.seq")
-	}
-	halfConn.Seq = (*[8]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(rawSeq.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawScratchBuf := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("scratchBuf")
-	if !rawScratchBuf.IsValid() || rawScratchBuf.Kind() != reflect.Array || rawScratchBuf.Len() != 13 || rawScratchBuf.Type().Elem().Kind() != reflect.Uint8 {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.scratchBuf")
-	}
-	halfConn.ScratchBuf = (*[13]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(rawScratchBuf.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawTrafficSecret := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("trafficSecret")
-	if !rawTrafficSecret.IsValid() || rawTrafficSecret.Kind() != reflect.Slice || rawTrafficSecret.Type().Elem().Kind() != reflect.Uint8 {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.trafficSecret")
-	}
-	halfConn.TrafficSecret = (*[]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(rawTrafficSecret.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawMac := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("mac")
-	if !rawMac.IsValid() || rawMac.Kind() != reflect.Interface {
-		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.mac")
-	}
-	halfConn.Mac = (*hash.Hash)(unsafe.Pointer(rawMac.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-	rawKey := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("rawKey")
-	if rawKey.IsValid() {
-		if /*!rawKey.IsValid() || */ rawKey.Kind() != reflect.Slice || rawKey.Type().Elem().Kind() != reflect.Uint8 {
-			return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.rawKey")
-		}
-		halfConn.RawKey = (*[]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(rawKey.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-		rawIV := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("rawIV")
-		if !rawIV.IsValid() || rawIV.Kind() != reflect.Slice || rawIV.Type().Elem().Kind() != reflect.Uint8 {
-			return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.rawIV")
-		}
-		halfConn.RawIV = (*[]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(rawIV.UnsafeAddr()))
-
-		rawMAC := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("rawMac")
-		if !rawMAC.IsValid() || rawMAC.Kind() != reflect.Slice || rawMAC.Type().Elem().Kind() != reflect.Uint8 {
-			return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid halfConn.rawMac")
-		}
-		halfConn.RawMac = (*[]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(rawMAC.UnsafeAddr()))
-	}
-
-	return halfConn, nil
-}
-
-func (hc *RawHalfConn) Decrypt(record []byte) ([]byte, uint8, error) {
-	return hc.methods.decrypt(hc.pointer, record)
-}
-
-func (hc *RawHalfConn) SetErrorLocked(err error) error {
-	return hc.methods.setErrorLocked(hc.pointer, err)
-}
-
-func (hc *RawHalfConn) SetTrafficSecret(suite unsafe.Pointer, level int, secret []byte) {
-	hc.methods.setTrafficSecret(hc.pointer, suite, level, secret)
-}
-
-func (hc *RawHalfConn) ExplicitNonceLen() int {
-	return hc.methods.explicitNonceLen(hc.pointer)
-}
--- a/common/badtls/read_wait.go
+++ b/common/badtls/read_wait.go
@@ -1,9 +1,18 @@
-//go:build go1.25 && badlinkname
+//go:build go1.21 && !without_badtls

 package badtls

 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"sync"
+	"unsafe"
+
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/buf"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/tls"
 )
@@ -12,21 +21,63 @@ var _ N.ReadWaiter = (*ReadWaitConn)(nil)

 type ReadWaitConn struct {
 	tls.Conn
-	rawConn         *RawConn
-	readWaitOptions N.ReadWaitOptions
+	halfAccess                    *sync.Mutex
+	rawInput                      *bytes.Buffer
+	input                         *bytes.Reader
+	hand                          *bytes.Buffer
+	readWaitOptions               N.ReadWaitOptions
+	tlsReadRecord                 func() error
+	tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error
 }

 func NewReadWaitConn(conn tls.Conn) (tls.Conn, error) {
-	if _, isReadWaitConn := conn.(N.ReadWaiter); isReadWaitConn {
-		return conn, nil
+	var (
+		loaded                        bool
+		tlsReadRecord                 func() error
+		tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error
+	)
+	for _, tlsCreator := range tlsRegistry {
+		loaded, tlsReadRecord, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage = tlsCreator(conn)
+		if loaded {
+			break
+		}
 	}
-	rawConn, err := NewRawConn(conn)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+	if !loaded {
+		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
 	}
+	rawConn := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(conn))
+	rawHalfConn := rawConn.FieldByName("in")
+	if !rawHalfConn.IsValid() || rawHalfConn.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid half conn")
+	}
+	rawHalfMutex := rawHalfConn.FieldByName("Mutex")
+	if !rawHalfMutex.IsValid() || rawHalfMutex.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid half mutex")
+	}
+	halfAccess := (*sync.Mutex)(unsafe.Pointer(rawHalfMutex.UnsafeAddr()))
+	rawRawInput := rawConn.FieldByName("rawInput")
+	if !rawRawInput.IsValid() || rawRawInput.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid raw input")
+	}
+	rawInput := (*bytes.Buffer)(unsafe.Pointer(rawRawInput.UnsafeAddr()))
+	rawInput0 := rawConn.FieldByName("input")
+	if !rawInput0.IsValid() || rawInput0.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid input")
+	}
+	input := (*bytes.Reader)(unsafe.Pointer(rawInput0.UnsafeAddr()))
+	rawHand := rawConn.FieldByName("hand")
+	if !rawHand.IsValid() || rawHand.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return nil, E.New("badtls: invalid hand")
+	}
+	hand := (*bytes.Buffer)(unsafe.Pointer(rawHand.UnsafeAddr()))
 	return &ReadWaitConn{
-		Conn:    conn,
-		rawConn: rawConn,
+		Conn:                          conn,
+		halfAccess:                    halfAccess,
+		rawInput:                      rawInput,
+		input:                         input,
+		hand:                          hand,
+		tlsReadRecord:                 tlsReadRecord,
+		tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage: tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage,
 	}, nil
 }

@@ -36,36 +87,36 @@ func (c *ReadWaitConn) InitializeReadWaiter(options N.ReadWaitOptions) (needCopy
 }

 func (c *ReadWaitConn) WaitReadBuffer() (buffer *buf.Buffer, err error) {
-	//err = c.HandshakeContext(context.Background())
-	//if err != nil {
-	//	return
-	//}
-	c.rawConn.In.Lock()
-	defer c.rawConn.In.Unlock()
-	for c.rawConn.Input.Len() == 0 {
-		err = c.rawConn.ReadRecord()
+	err = c.HandshakeContext(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	c.halfAccess.Lock()
+	defer c.halfAccess.Unlock()
+	for c.input.Len() == 0 {
+		err = c.tlsReadRecord()
 		if err != nil {
 			return
 		}
-		for c.rawConn.Hand.Len() > 0 {
-			err = c.rawConn.HandlePostHandshakeMessage()
+		for c.hand.Len() > 0 {
+			err = c.tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage()
 			if err != nil {
 				return
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	buffer = c.readWaitOptions.NewBuffer()
-	n, err := c.rawConn.Input.Read(buffer.FreeBytes())
+	n, err := c.input.Read(buffer.FreeBytes())
 	if err != nil {
 		buffer.Release()
 		return
 	}
 	buffer.Truncate(n)

-	if n != 0 && c.rawConn.Input.Len() == 0 && c.rawConn.Input.Len() > 0 &&
-		// recordType(c.RawInput.Bytes()[0]) == recordTypeAlert {
-		c.rawConn.RawInput.Bytes()[0] == 21 {
-		_ = c.rawConn.ReadRecord()
+	if n != 0 && c.input.Len() == 0 && c.rawInput.Len() > 0 &&
+		// recordType(c.rawInput.Bytes()[0]) == recordTypeAlert {
+		c.rawInput.Bytes()[0] == 21 {
+		_ = c.tlsReadRecord()
 		// return n, err // will be io.EOF on closeNotify
 	}

@@ -77,6 +128,24 @@ func (c *ReadWaitConn) Upstream() any {
 	return c.Conn
 }

-func (c *ReadWaitConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
-	return true
+var tlsRegistry []func(conn net.Conn) (loaded bool, tlsReadRecord func() error, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error)
+
+func init() {
+	tlsRegistry = append(tlsRegistry, func(conn net.Conn) (loaded bool, tlsReadRecord func() error, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error) {
+		tlsConn, loaded := conn.(*tls.STDConn)
+		if !loaded {
+			return
+		}
+		return true, func() error {
+				return stdTLSReadRecord(tlsConn)
+			}, func() error {
+				return stdTLSHandlePostHandshakeMessage(tlsConn)
+			}
+	})
 }
+
+//go:linkname stdTLSReadRecord crypto/tls.(*Conn).readRecord
+func stdTLSReadRecord(c *tls.STDConn) error
+
+//go:linkname stdTLSHandlePostHandshakeMessage crypto/tls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
+func stdTLSHandlePostHandshakeMessage(c *tls.STDConn) error
--- a/common/badtls/read_wait_ech.go
+++ b/common/badtls/read_wait_ech.go
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//go:build go1.21 && !without_badtls && with_ech
+
+package badtls
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	_ "unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/cloudflare-tls"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	tlsRegistry = append(tlsRegistry, func(conn net.Conn) (loaded bool, tlsReadRecord func() error, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error) {
+		tlsConn, loaded := common.Cast[*tls.Conn](conn)
+		if !loaded {
+			return
+		}
+		return true, func() error {
+				return echReadRecord(tlsConn)
+			}, func() error {
+				return echHandlePostHandshakeMessage(tlsConn)
+			}
+	})
+}
+
+//go:linkname echReadRecord github.com/sagernet/cloudflare-tls.(*Conn).readRecord
+func echReadRecord(c *tls.Conn) error
+
+//go:linkname echHandlePostHandshakeMessage github.com/sagernet/cloudflare-tls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
+func echHandlePostHandshakeMessage(c *tls.Conn) error
--- a/common/badtls/read_wait_stub.go
+++ b/common/badtls/read_wait_stub.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build !go1.25 || !badlinkname
+//go:build !go1.21 || without_badtls

 package badtls

--- a/common/badtls/read_wait_utls.go
+++ b/common/badtls/read_wait_utls.go
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//go:build go1.21 && !without_badtls && with_utls
+
+package badtls
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	_ "unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	"github.com/sagernet/utls"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	tlsRegistry = append(tlsRegistry, func(conn net.Conn) (loaded bool, tlsReadRecord func() error, tlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage func() error) {
+		tlsConn, loaded := common.Cast[*tls.UConn](conn)
+		if !loaded {
+			return
+		}
+		return true, func() error {
+				return utlsReadRecord(tlsConn.Conn)
+			}, func() error {
+				return utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage(tlsConn.Conn)
+			}
+	})
+}
+
+//go:linkname utlsReadRecord github.com/sagernet/utls.(*Conn).readRecord
+func utlsReadRecord(c *tls.Conn) error
+
+//go:linkname utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage github.com/sagernet/utls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
+func utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage(c *tls.Conn) error
--- a/common/badtls/registry.go
+++ b/common/badtls/registry.go
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.25 && badlinkname
-
-package badtls
-
-import (
-	"crypto/tls"
-	"net"
-	"unsafe"
-)
-
-type Methods struct {
-	readRecord                 func(c unsafe.Pointer) error
-	handlePostHandshakeMessage func(c unsafe.Pointer) error
-	writeRecordLocked          func(c unsafe.Pointer, typ uint16, data []byte) (int, error)
-
-	setErrorLocked   func(hc unsafe.Pointer, err error) error
-	decrypt          func(hc unsafe.Pointer, record []byte) ([]byte, uint8, error)
-	setTrafficSecret func(hc unsafe.Pointer, suite unsafe.Pointer, level int, secret []byte)
-	explicitNonceLen func(hc unsafe.Pointer) int
-}
-
-var methodRegistry []func(conn net.Conn) (unsafe.Pointer, *Methods, bool)
-
-func init() {
-	methodRegistry = append(methodRegistry, func(conn net.Conn) (unsafe.Pointer, *Methods, bool) {
-		tlsConn, loaded := conn.(*tls.Conn)
-		if !loaded {
-			return nil, nil, false
-		}
-		return unsafe.Pointer(tlsConn), &Methods{
-			readRecord:                 stdTLSReadRecord,
-			handlePostHandshakeMessage: stdTLSHandlePostHandshakeMessage,
-			writeRecordLocked:          stdWriteRecordLocked,
-
-			setErrorLocked:   stdSetErrorLocked,
-			decrypt:          stdDecrypt,
-			setTrafficSecret: stdSetTrafficSecret,
-			explicitNonceLen: stdExplicitNonceLen,
-		}, true
-	})
-}
-
-//go:linkname stdTLSReadRecord crypto/tls.(*Conn).readRecord
-func stdTLSReadRecord(c unsafe.Pointer) error
-
-//go:linkname stdTLSHandlePostHandshakeMessage crypto/tls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
-func stdTLSHandlePostHandshakeMessage(c unsafe.Pointer) error
-
-//go:linkname stdWriteRecordLocked crypto/tls.(*Conn).writeRecordLocked
-func stdWriteRecordLocked(c unsafe.Pointer, typ uint16, data []byte) (int, error)
-
-//go:linkname stdSetErrorLocked crypto/tls.(*halfConn).setErrorLocked
-func stdSetErrorLocked(hc unsafe.Pointer, err error) error
-
-//go:linkname stdDecrypt crypto/tls.(*halfConn).decrypt
-func stdDecrypt(hc unsafe.Pointer, record []byte) ([]byte, uint8, error)
-
-//go:linkname stdSetTrafficSecret crypto/tls.(*halfConn).setTrafficSecret
-func stdSetTrafficSecret(hc unsafe.Pointer, suite unsafe.Pointer, level int, secret []byte)
-
-//go:linkname stdExplicitNonceLen crypto/tls.(*halfConn).explicitNonceLen
-func stdExplicitNonceLen(hc unsafe.Pointer) int
--- a/common/badtls/registry_utls.go
+++ b/common/badtls/registry_utls.go
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.25 && badlinkname
-
-package badtls
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"unsafe"
-
-	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-
-	"github.com/metacubex/utls"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	methodRegistry = append(methodRegistry, func(conn net.Conn) (unsafe.Pointer, *Methods, bool) {
-		var pointer unsafe.Pointer
-		if uConn, loaded := N.CastReader[*tls.Conn](conn); loaded {
-			pointer = unsafe.Pointer(uConn)
-		} else if uConn, loaded := N.CastReader[*tls.UConn](conn); loaded {
-			pointer = unsafe.Pointer(uConn.Conn)
-		} else {
-			return nil, nil, false
-		}
-		return pointer, &Methods{
-			readRecord:                 utlsReadRecord,
-			handlePostHandshakeMessage: utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage,
-			writeRecordLocked:          utlsWriteRecordLocked,
-
-			setErrorLocked:   utlsSetErrorLocked,
-			decrypt:          utlsDecrypt,
-			setTrafficSecret: utlsSetTrafficSecret,
-			explicitNonceLen: utlsExplicitNonceLen,
-		}, true
-	})
-}
-
-//go:linkname utlsReadRecord github.com/metacubex/utls.(*Conn).readRecord
-func utlsReadRecord(c unsafe.Pointer) error
-
-//go:linkname utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage github.com/metacubex/utls.(*Conn).handlePostHandshakeMessage
-func utlsHandlePostHandshakeMessage(c unsafe.Pointer) error
-
-//go:linkname utlsWriteRecordLocked github.com/metacubex/utls.(*Conn).writeRecordLocked
-func utlsWriteRecordLocked(hc unsafe.Pointer, typ uint16, data []byte) (int, error)
-
-//go:linkname utlsSetErrorLocked github.com/metacubex/utls.(*halfConn).setErrorLocked
-func utlsSetErrorLocked(hc unsafe.Pointer, err error) error
-
-//go:linkname utlsDecrypt github.com/metacubex/utls.(*halfConn).decrypt
-func utlsDecrypt(hc unsafe.Pointer, record []byte) ([]byte, uint8, error)
-
-//go:linkname utlsSetTrafficSecret github.com/metacubex/utls.(*halfConn).setTrafficSecret
-func utlsSetTrafficSecret(hc unsafe.Pointer, suite unsafe.Pointer, level int, secret []byte)
-
-//go:linkname utlsExplicitNonceLen github.com/metacubex/utls.(*halfConn).explicitNonceLen
-func utlsExplicitNonceLen(hc unsafe.Pointer) int
--- a/common/badversion/version.go
+++ b/common/badversion/version.go
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	F "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/format"
-
-	"golang.org/x/mod/semver"
 )

 type Version struct {
@@ -18,19 +16,7 @@ type Version struct {
 	PreReleaseVersion    int
 }

-func (v Version) LessThan(anotherVersion Version) bool {
-	return !v.GreaterThanOrEqual(anotherVersion)
-}
-
-func (v Version) LessThanOrEqual(anotherVersion Version) bool {
-	return v == anotherVersion || anotherVersion.GreaterThan(v)
-}
-
-func (v Version) GreaterThanOrEqual(anotherVersion Version) bool {
-	return v == anotherVersion || v.GreaterThan(anotherVersion)
-}
-
-func (v Version) GreaterThan(anotherVersion Version) bool {
+func (v Version) After(anotherVersion Version) bool {
 	if v.Major > anotherVersion.Major {
 		return true
 	} else if v.Major < anotherVersion.Major {
@@ -58,29 +44,19 @@ func (v Version) GreaterThan(anotherVersion Version) bool {
 			} else if v.PreReleaseVersion < anotherVersion.PreReleaseVersion {
 				return false
 			}
-		}
-		preReleaseIdentifier := parsePreReleaseIdentifier(v.PreReleaseIdentifier)
-		anotherPreReleaseIdentifier := parsePreReleaseIdentifier(anotherVersion.PreReleaseIdentifier)
-		if preReleaseIdentifier < anotherPreReleaseIdentifier {
+		} else if v.PreReleaseIdentifier == "rc" && anotherVersion.PreReleaseIdentifier == "beta" {
 			return true
-		} else if preReleaseIdentifier > anotherPreReleaseIdentifier {
+		} else if v.PreReleaseIdentifier == "beta" && anotherVersion.PreReleaseIdentifier == "rc" {
+			return false
+		} else if v.PreReleaseIdentifier == "beta" && anotherVersion.PreReleaseIdentifier == "alpha" {
+			return true
+		} else if v.PreReleaseIdentifier == "alpha" && anotherVersion.PreReleaseIdentifier == "beta" {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
 	return false
 }

-func parsePreReleaseIdentifier(identifier string) int {
-	if strings.HasPrefix(identifier, "rc") {
-		return 1
-	} else if strings.HasPrefix(identifier, "beta") {
-		return 2
-	} else if strings.HasPrefix(identifier, "alpha") {
-		return 3
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 func (v Version) VersionString() string {
 	return F.ToString(v.Major, ".", v.Minor, ".", v.Patch)
 }
@@ -107,10 +83,6 @@ func (v Version) BadString() string {
 	return version
 }

-func IsValid(versionName string) bool {
-	return semver.IsValid("v" + versionName)
-}
-
 func Parse(versionName string) (version Version) {
 	if strings.HasPrefix(versionName, "v") {
 		versionName = versionName[1:]
--- a/common/badversion/version_test.go
+++ b/common/badversion/version_test.go
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ func TestCompareVersion(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	require.Equal(t, "1.3.0-beta.1", Parse("v1.3.0-beta1").String())
 	require.Equal(t, "1.3-beta1", Parse("v1.3.0-beta.1").BadString())
-	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.0").GreaterThan(Parse("1.3-beta1")))
-	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.0").GreaterThan(Parse("1.3.0-beta1")))
-	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.0-beta1").GreaterThan(Parse("1.3.0-alpha1")))
-	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.1").GreaterThan(Parse("1.3.0")))
-	require.True(t, Parse("1.4").GreaterThan(Parse("1.3")))
+	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.0").After(Parse("1.3-beta1")))
+	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.0").After(Parse("1.3.0-beta1")))
+	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.0-beta1").After(Parse("1.3.0-alpha1")))
+	require.True(t, Parse("1.3.1").After(Parse("1.3.0")))
+	require.True(t, Parse("1.4").After(Parse("1.3")))
 }
--- a/common/certificate/mozilla.go
+++ b/common/certificate/mozilla.go
--- a/common/certificate/store.go
+++ b/common/certificate/store.go
@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-package certificate
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"crypto/x509"
-	"io/fs"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/fswatch"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
-	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
-)
-
-var _ adapter.CertificateStore = (*Store)(nil)
-
-type Store struct {
-	access                    sync.RWMutex
-	systemPool                *x509.CertPool
-	currentPool               *x509.CertPool
-	certificate               string
-	certificatePaths          []string
-	certificateDirectoryPaths []string
-	watcher                   *fswatch.Watcher
-}
-
-func NewStore(ctx context.Context, logger logger.Logger, options option.CertificateOptions) (*Store, error) {
-	var systemPool *x509.CertPool
-	switch options.Store {
-	case C.CertificateStoreSystem, "":
-		systemPool = x509.NewCertPool()
-		platformInterface := service.FromContext[adapter.PlatformInterface](ctx)
-		var systemValid bool
-		if platformInterface != nil {
-			for _, cert := range platformInterface.SystemCertificates() {
-				if systemPool.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(cert)) {
-					systemValid = true
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if !systemValid {
-			certPool, err := x509.SystemCertPool()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			systemPool = certPool
-		}
-	case C.CertificateStoreMozilla:
-		systemPool = mozillaIncluded
-	case C.CertificateStoreNone:
-		systemPool = nil
-	default:
-		return nil, E.New("unknown certificate store: ", options.Store)
-	}
-	store := &Store{
-		systemPool:                systemPool,
-		certificate:               strings.Join(options.Certificate, "\n"),
-		certificatePaths:          options.CertificatePath,
-		certificateDirectoryPaths: options.CertificateDirectoryPath,
-	}
-	var watchPaths []string
-	for _, target := range options.CertificatePath {
-		watchPaths = append(watchPaths, target)
-	}
-	for _, target := range options.CertificateDirectoryPath {
-		watchPaths = append(watchPaths, target)
-	}
-	if len(watchPaths) > 0 {
-		watcher, err := fswatch.NewWatcher(fswatch.Options{
-			Path:   watchPaths,
-			Logger: logger,
-			Callback: func(_ string) {
-				err := store.update()
-				if err != nil {
-					logger.Error(E.Cause(err, "reload certificates"))
-				}
-			},
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, E.Cause(err, "fswatch: create fsnotify watcher")
-		}
-		store.watcher = watcher
-	}
-	err := store.update()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, E.Cause(err, "initializing certificate store")
-	}
-	return store, nil
-}
-
-func (s *Store) Name() string {
-	return "certificate"
-}
-
-func (s *Store) Start(stage adapter.StartStage) error {
-	if stage != adapter.StartStateStart {
-		return nil
-	}
-	if s.watcher != nil {
-		return s.watcher.Start()
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (s *Store) Close() error {
-	if s.watcher != nil {
-		return s.watcher.Close()
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (s *Store) Pool() *x509.CertPool {
-	s.access.RLock()
-	defer s.access.RUnlock()
-	return s.currentPool
-}
-
-func (s *Store) update() error {
-	s.access.Lock()
-	defer s.access.Unlock()
-	var currentPool *x509.CertPool
-	if s.systemPool == nil {
-		currentPool = x509.NewCertPool()
-	} else {
-		currentPool = s.systemPool.Clone()
-	}
-	if s.certificate != "" {
-		if !currentPool.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(s.certificate)) {
-			return E.New("invalid certificate PEM strings")
-		}
-	}
-	for _, path := range s.certificatePaths {
-		pemContent, err := os.ReadFile(path)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if !currentPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemContent) {
-			return E.New("invalid certificate PEM file: ", path)
-		}
-	}
-	var firstErr error
-	for _, directoryPath := range s.certificateDirectoryPaths {
-		directoryEntries, err := readUniqueDirectoryEntries(directoryPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			if firstErr == nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				firstErr = E.Cause(err, "invalid certificate directory: ", directoryPath)
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		for _, directoryEntry := range directoryEntries {
-			pemContent, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(directoryPath, directoryEntry.Name()))
-			if err == nil {
-				currentPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemContent)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if firstErr != nil {
-		return firstErr
-	}
-	s.currentPool = currentPool
-	return nil
-}
-
-func readUniqueDirectoryEntries(dir string) ([]fs.DirEntry, error) {
-	files, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	uniq := files[:0]
-	for _, f := range files {
-		if !isSameDirSymlink(f, dir) {
-			uniq = append(uniq, f)
-		}
-	}
-	return uniq, nil
-}
-
-func isSameDirSymlink(f fs.DirEntry, dir string) bool {
-	if f.Type()&fs.ModeSymlink == 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	target, err := os.Readlink(filepath.Join(dir, f.Name()))
-	return err == nil && !strings.Contains(target, "/")
-}
--- a/common/conntrack/conn.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/conn.go
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-package conntrack
-
-import (
-	"io"
-	"net"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"
-)
-
-type Conn struct {
-	net.Conn
-	element *list.Element[io.Closer]
-}
-
-func NewConn(conn net.Conn) (net.Conn, error) {
-	connAccess.Lock()
-	element := openConnection.PushBack(conn)
-	connAccess.Unlock()
-	if KillerEnabled {
-		err := KillerCheck()
-		if err != nil {
-			conn.Close()
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-	return &Conn{
-		Conn:    conn,
-		element: element,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) Close() error {
-	if c.element.Value != nil {
-		connAccess.Lock()
-		if c.element.Value != nil {
-			openConnection.Remove(c.element)
-			c.element.Value = nil
-		}
-		connAccess.Unlock()
-	}
-	return c.Conn.Close()
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) Upstream() any {
-	return c.Conn
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
-	return true
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
-	return true
-}
--- a/common/conntrack/context.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/context.go
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
+)
+
+func ContextWithDefaultTracker(ctx context.Context, killerEnabled bool, memoryLimit uint64) context.Context {
+	if service.FromContext[Tracker](ctx) != nil {
+		return ctx
+	}
+	return service.ContextWith[Tracker](ctx, NewDefaultTracker(killerEnabled, memoryLimit))
+}
--- a/common/conntrack/default.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/default.go
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	runtimeDebug "runtime/debug"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/memory"
+	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
+	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"
+)
+
+var _ Tracker = (*DefaultTracker)(nil)
+
+type DefaultTracker struct {
+	connAccess  sync.RWMutex
+	connList    list.List[net.Conn]
+	connAddress map[netip.AddrPort]netip.AddrPort
+
+	packetConnAccess  sync.RWMutex
+	packetConnList    list.List[AbstractPacketConn]
+	packetConnAddress map[netip.AddrPort]bool
+
+	pendingAccess sync.RWMutex
+	pendingList   list.List[netip.AddrPort]
+
+	killerEnabled   bool
+	memoryLimit     uint64
+	killerLastCheck time.Time
+}
+
+func NewDefaultTracker(killerEnabled bool, memoryLimit uint64) *DefaultTracker {
+	return &DefaultTracker{
+		connAddress:       make(map[netip.AddrPort]netip.AddrPort),
+		packetConnAddress: make(map[netip.AddrPort]bool),
+		killerEnabled:     killerEnabled,
+		memoryLimit:       memoryLimit,
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) NewConn(conn net.Conn) (net.Conn, error) {
+	err := t.KillerCheck()
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t.connAccess.Lock()
+	element := t.connList.PushBack(conn)
+	t.connAddress[M.AddrPortFromNet(conn.LocalAddr())] = M.AddrPortFromNet(conn.RemoteAddr())
+	t.connAccess.Unlock()
+	return &Conn{
+		Conn: conn,
+		closeFunc: common.OnceFunc(func() {
+			t.removeConn(element)
+		}),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) NewConnEx(conn net.Conn) (N.CloseHandlerFunc, error) {
+	err := t.KillerCheck()
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t.connAccess.Lock()
+	element := t.connList.PushBack(conn)
+	t.connAddress[M.AddrPortFromNet(conn.LocalAddr())] = M.AddrPortFromNet(conn.RemoteAddr())
+	t.connAccess.Unlock()
+	return N.OnceClose(func(it error) {
+		t.removeConn(element)
+	}), nil
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) NewPacketConn(conn net.PacketConn) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	err := t.KillerCheck()
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t.packetConnAccess.Lock()
+	element := t.packetConnList.PushBack(conn)
+	t.packetConnAddress[M.AddrPortFromNet(conn.LocalAddr())] = true
+	t.packetConnAccess.Unlock()
+	return &PacketConn{
+		PacketConn: conn,
+		closeFunc: common.OnceFunc(func() {
+			t.removePacketConn(element)
+		}),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) NewPacketConnEx(conn AbstractPacketConn) (N.CloseHandlerFunc, error) {
+	err := t.KillerCheck()
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t.packetConnAccess.Lock()
+	element := t.packetConnList.PushBack(conn)
+	t.packetConnAddress[M.AddrPortFromNet(conn.LocalAddr())] = true
+	t.packetConnAccess.Unlock()
+	return N.OnceClose(func(it error) {
+		t.removePacketConn(element)
+	}), nil
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) CheckConn(source netip.AddrPort, destination netip.AddrPort) bool {
+	t.connAccess.RLock()
+	defer t.connAccess.RUnlock()
+	return t.connAddress[source] == destination
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) CheckPacketConn(source netip.AddrPort) bool {
+	t.packetConnAccess.RLock()
+	defer t.packetConnAccess.RUnlock()
+	return t.packetConnAddress[source]
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) AddPendingDestination(destination netip.AddrPort) func() {
+	t.pendingAccess.Lock()
+	defer t.pendingAccess.Unlock()
+	element := t.pendingList.PushBack(destination)
+	return func() {
+		t.pendingAccess.Lock()
+		defer t.pendingAccess.Unlock()
+		t.pendingList.Remove(element)
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) CheckDestination(destination netip.AddrPort) bool {
+	t.pendingAccess.RLock()
+	defer t.pendingAccess.RUnlock()
+	for element := t.pendingList.Front(); element != nil; element = element.Next() {
+		if element.Value == destination {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) KillerCheck() error {
+	if !t.killerEnabled {
+		return nil
+	}
+	nowTime := time.Now()
+	if nowTime.Sub(t.killerLastCheck) < 3*time.Second {
+		return nil
+	}
+	t.killerLastCheck = nowTime
+	if memory.Total() > t.memoryLimit {
+		t.Close()
+		go func() {
+			time.Sleep(time.Second)
+			runtimeDebug.FreeOSMemory()
+		}()
+		return E.New("out of memory")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) Count() int {
+	t.connAccess.RLock()
+	defer t.connAccess.RUnlock()
+	t.packetConnAccess.RLock()
+	defer t.packetConnAccess.RUnlock()
+	return t.connList.Len() + t.packetConnList.Len()
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) Close() {
+	t.connAccess.Lock()
+	for element := t.connList.Front(); element != nil; element = element.Next() {
+		element.Value.Close()
+	}
+	t.connList.Init()
+	t.connAccess.Unlock()
+	t.packetConnAccess.Lock()
+	for element := t.packetConnList.Front(); element != nil; element = element.Next() {
+		element.Value.Close()
+	}
+	t.packetConnList.Init()
+	t.packetConnAccess.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) removeConn(element *list.Element[net.Conn]) {
+	t.connAccess.Lock()
+	defer t.connAccess.Unlock()
+	delete(t.connAddress, M.AddrPortFromNet(element.Value.LocalAddr()))
+	t.connList.Remove(element)
+}
+
+func (t *DefaultTracker) removePacketConn(element *list.Element[AbstractPacketConn]) {
+	t.packetConnAccess.Lock()
+	defer t.packetConnAccess.Unlock()
+	delete(t.packetConnAddress, M.AddrPortFromNet(element.Value.LocalAddr()))
+	t.packetConnList.Remove(element)
+}
+
+type Conn struct {
+	net.Conn
+	closeFunc func()
+}
+
+func (c *Conn) Close() error {
+	c.closeFunc()
+	return c.Conn.Close()
+}
+
+func (c *Conn) Upstream() any {
+	return c.Conn
+}
+
+func (c *Conn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+func (c *Conn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+type PacketConn struct {
+	net.PacketConn
+	closeFunc func()
+}
+
+func (c *PacketConn) Close() error {
+	c.closeFunc()
+	return c.PacketConn.Close()
+}
+
+func (c *PacketConn) Upstream() any {
+	return c.PacketConn
+}
+
+func (c *PacketConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+func (c *PacketConn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
+	return true
+}
--- a/common/conntrack/killer.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/killer.go
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-package conntrack
-
-import (
-	runtimeDebug "runtime/debug"
-	"time"
-
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/memory"
-)
-
-var (
-	KillerEnabled   bool
-	MemoryLimit     uint64
-	killerLastCheck time.Time
-)
-
-func KillerCheck() error {
-	if !KillerEnabled {
-		return nil
-	}
-	nowTime := time.Now()
-	if nowTime.Sub(killerLastCheck) < 3*time.Second {
-		return nil
-	}
-	killerLastCheck = nowTime
-	if memory.Total() > MemoryLimit {
-		Close()
-		go func() {
-			time.Sleep(time.Second)
-			runtimeDebug.FreeOSMemory()
-		}()
-		return E.New("out of memory")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/common/conntrack/packet_conn.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/packet_conn.go
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-package conntrack
-
-import (
-	"io"
-	"net"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"
-)
-
-type PacketConn struct {
-	net.PacketConn
-	element *list.Element[io.Closer]
-}
-
-func NewPacketConn(conn net.PacketConn) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	connAccess.Lock()
-	element := openConnection.PushBack(conn)
-	connAccess.Unlock()
-	if KillerEnabled {
-		err := KillerCheck()
-		if err != nil {
-			conn.Close()
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-	return &PacketConn{
-		PacketConn: conn,
-		element:    element,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func (c *PacketConn) Close() error {
-	if c.element.Value != nil {
-		connAccess.Lock()
-		if c.element.Value != nil {
-			openConnection.Remove(c.element)
-			c.element.Value = nil
-		}
-		connAccess.Unlock()
-	}
-	return c.PacketConn.Close()
-}
-
-func (c *PacketConn) Upstream() any {
-	return bufio.NewPacketConn(c.PacketConn)
-}
-
-func (c *PacketConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
-	return true
-}
-
-func (c *PacketConn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
-	return true
-}
--- a/common/conntrack/track.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/track.go
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-package conntrack
-
-import (
-	"io"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/x/list"
-)
-
-var (
-	connAccess     sync.RWMutex
-	openConnection list.List[io.Closer]
-)
-
-func Count() int {
-	if !Enabled {
-		return 0
-	}
-	return openConnection.Len()
-}
-
-func List() []io.Closer {
-	if !Enabled {
-		return nil
-	}
-	connAccess.RLock()
-	defer connAccess.RUnlock()
-	connList := make([]io.Closer, 0, openConnection.Len())
-	for element := openConnection.Front(); element != nil; element = element.Next() {
-		connList = append(connList, element.Value)
-	}
-	return connList
-}
-
-func Close() {
-	if !Enabled {
-		return
-	}
-	connAccess.Lock()
-	defer connAccess.Unlock()
-	for element := openConnection.Front(); element != nil; element = element.Next() {
-		common.Close(element.Value)
-		element.Value = nil
-	}
-	openConnection.Init()
-}
--- a/common/conntrack/track_disable.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/track_disable.go
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !with_conntrack
-
-package conntrack
-
-const Enabled = false
--- a/common/conntrack/track_enable.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/track_enable.go
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-//go:build with_conntrack
-
-package conntrack
-
-const Enabled = true
--- a/common/conntrack/tracker.go
+++ b/common/conntrack/tracker.go
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
+
+	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+)
+
+// TODO: add to N
+type AbstractPacketConn interface {
+	Close() error
+	LocalAddr() net.Addr
+	SetDeadline(t time.Time) error
+	SetReadDeadline(t time.Time) error
+	SetWriteDeadline(t time.Time) error
+}
+
+type Tracker interface {
+	NewConn(conn net.Conn) (net.Conn, error)
+	NewPacketConn(conn net.PacketConn) (net.PacketConn, error)
+	NewConnEx(conn net.Conn) (N.CloseHandlerFunc, error)
+	NewPacketConnEx(conn AbstractPacketConn) (N.CloseHandlerFunc, error)
+	CheckConn(source netip.AddrPort, destination netip.AddrPort) bool
+	CheckPacketConn(source netip.AddrPort) bool
+	AddPendingDestination(destination netip.AddrPort) func()
+	CheckDestination(destination netip.AddrPort) bool
+	KillerCheck() error
+	Count() int
+	Close()
+}
--- a/common/dialer/default.go
+++ b/common/dialer/default.go
@@ -10,17 +10,16 @@ import (

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/conntrack"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/listener"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/libbox/platform"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/atomic"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
-
-	"github.com/database64128/tfo-go/v2"
 )

 var (
@@ -29,26 +28,28 @@ var (
 )

 type DefaultDialer struct {
-	dialer4                tfo.Dialer
-	dialer6                tfo.Dialer
+	tracker                conntrack.Tracker
+	dialer4                tcpDialer
+	dialer6                tcpDialer
 	udpDialer4             net.Dialer
 	udpDialer6             net.Dialer
 	udpListener            net.ListenConfig
 	udpAddr4               string
 	udpAddr6               string
-	netns                  string
+	isWireGuardListener    bool
 	networkManager         adapter.NetworkManager
 	networkStrategy        *C.NetworkStrategy
 	defaultNetworkStrategy bool
 	networkType            []C.InterfaceType
 	fallbackNetworkType    []C.InterfaceType
 	networkFallbackDelay   time.Duration
-	networkLastFallback    common.TypedValue[time.Time]
+	networkLastFallback    atomic.TypedValue[time.Time]
 }

 func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDialer, error) {
+	tracker := service.FromContext[conntrack.Tracker](ctx)
 	networkManager := service.FromContext[adapter.NetworkManager](ctx)
-	platformInterface := service.FromContext[adapter.PlatformInterface](ctx)
+	platformInterface := service.FromContext[platform.Interface](ctx)

 	var (
 		dialer                 net.Dialer
@@ -66,19 +67,23 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 		interfaceFinder = control.NewDefaultInterfaceFinder()
 	}
 	if options.BindInterface != "" {
-		if !(C.IsLinux || C.IsDarwin || C.IsWindows) {
-			return nil, E.New("`bind_interface` is only supported on Linux, macOS and Windows")
-		}
 		bindFunc := control.BindToInterface(interfaceFinder, options.BindInterface, -1)
 		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
 	}
 	if options.RoutingMark > 0 {
-		if !C.IsLinux {
-			return nil, E.New("`routing_mark` is only supported on Linux")
+		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(options.RoutingMark)))
+		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(uint32(options.RoutingMark)))
+	}
+	if networkManager != nil {
+		autoRedirectOutputMark := networkManager.AutoRedirectOutputMark()
+		if autoRedirectOutputMark > 0 {
+			if options.RoutingMark > 0 {
+				return nil, E.New("`routing_mark` is conflict with `tun.auto_redirect` with `tun.route_[_exclude]_address_set")
+			}
+			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(autoRedirectOutputMark))
+			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(autoRedirectOutputMark))
 		}
-		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, uint32(options.RoutingMark), false))
-		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, uint32(options.RoutingMark), false))
 	}
 	disableDefaultBind := options.BindInterface != "" || options.Inet4BindAddress != nil || options.Inet6BindAddress != nil
 	if disableDefaultBind || options.TCPFastOpen {
@@ -89,47 +94,44 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial

 	if networkManager != nil {
 		defaultOptions := networkManager.DefaultOptions()
-		if defaultOptions.BindInterface != "" {
-			bindFunc := control.BindToInterface(networkManager.InterfaceFinder(), defaultOptions.BindInterface, -1)
-			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
-			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
-		} else if networkManager.AutoDetectInterface() && !disableDefaultBind {
-			if platformInterface != nil {
-				networkStrategy = (*C.NetworkStrategy)(options.NetworkStrategy)
-				networkType = common.Map(options.NetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
-				fallbackNetworkType = common.Map(options.FallbackNetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
-				if networkStrategy == nil && len(networkType) == 0 && len(fallbackNetworkType) == 0 {
-					networkStrategy = defaultOptions.NetworkStrategy
-					networkType = defaultOptions.NetworkType
-					fallbackNetworkType = defaultOptions.FallbackNetworkType
-				}
-				networkFallbackDelay = time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay)
-				if networkFallbackDelay == 0 && defaultOptions.FallbackDelay != 0 {
-					networkFallbackDelay = defaultOptions.FallbackDelay
-				}
-				if networkStrategy == nil {
-					networkStrategy = common.Ptr(C.NetworkStrategyDefault)
-					defaultNetworkStrategy = true
-				}
-				bindFunc := networkManager.ProtectFunc()
-				dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
-				listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
-			} else {
-				bindFunc := networkManager.AutoDetectInterfaceFunc()
+		if !disableDefaultBind {
+			if defaultOptions.BindInterface != "" {
+				bindFunc := control.BindToInterface(networkManager.InterfaceFinder(), defaultOptions.BindInterface, -1)
 				dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
 				listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
+			} else if networkManager.AutoDetectInterface() {
+				if platformInterface != nil {
+					networkStrategy = (*C.NetworkStrategy)(options.NetworkStrategy)
+					if networkStrategy == nil {
+						networkStrategy = common.Ptr(C.NetworkStrategyDefault)
+						defaultNetworkStrategy = true
+					}
+					networkType = common.Map(options.NetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
+					fallbackNetworkType = common.Map(options.FallbackNetworkType, option.InterfaceType.Build)
+					if networkStrategy == nil && len(networkType) == 0 && len(fallbackNetworkType) == 0 {
+						networkStrategy = defaultOptions.NetworkStrategy
+						networkType = defaultOptions.NetworkType
+						fallbackNetworkType = defaultOptions.FallbackNetworkType
+					}
+					networkFallbackDelay = time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay)
+					if networkFallbackDelay == 0 && defaultOptions.FallbackDelay != 0 {
+						networkFallbackDelay = defaultOptions.FallbackDelay
+					}
+					bindFunc := networkManager.ProtectFunc()
+					dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
+					listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
+				} else {
+					bindFunc := networkManager.AutoDetectInterfaceFunc()
+					dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, bindFunc)
+					listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, bindFunc)
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		if options.RoutingMark == 0 && defaultOptions.RoutingMark != 0 {
-			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, defaultOptions.RoutingMark, true))
-			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, setMarkWrapper(networkManager, defaultOptions.RoutingMark, true))
+			dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.RoutingMark(defaultOptions.RoutingMark))
+			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.RoutingMark(defaultOptions.RoutingMark))
 		}
 	}
-	if networkManager != nil {
-		markFunc := networkManager.AutoRedirectOutputMarkFunc()
-		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, markFunc)
-		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, markFunc)
-	}
 	if options.ReuseAddr {
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.ReuseAddr())
 	}
@@ -142,18 +144,9 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 	} else {
 		dialer.Timeout = C.TCPConnectTimeout
 	}
-	if !options.DisableTCPKeepAlive {
-		keepIdle := time.Duration(options.TCPKeepAlive)
-		if keepIdle == 0 {
-			keepIdle = C.TCPKeepAliveInitial
-		}
-		keepInterval := time.Duration(options.TCPKeepAliveInterval)
-		if keepInterval == 0 {
-			keepInterval = C.TCPKeepAliveInterval
-		}
-		dialer.KeepAlive = keepIdle
-		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.SetKeepAlivePeriod(keepIdle, keepInterval))
-	}
+	// TODO: Add an option to customize the keep alive period
+	dialer.KeepAlive = C.TCPKeepAliveInitial
+	dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.SetKeepAlivePeriod(C.TCPKeepAliveInitial, C.TCPKeepAliveInterval))
 	var udpFragment bool
 	if options.UDPFragment != nil {
 		udpFragment = *options.UDPFragment
@@ -187,11 +180,26 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 		udpAddr6 = M.SocksaddrFrom(bindAddr, 0).String()
 	}
 	if options.TCPMultiPath {
-		dialer4.SetMultipathTCP(true)
+		if !go121Available {
+			return nil, E.New("MultiPath TCP requires go1.21, please recompile your binary.")
+		}
+		setMultiPathTCP(&dialer4)
+	}
+	if options.IsWireGuardListener {
+		for _, controlFn := range WgControlFns {
+			listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, controlFn)
+		}
+	}
+	tcpDialer4, err := newTCPDialer(dialer4, options.TCPFastOpen)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	tcpDialer6, err := newTCPDialer(dialer6, options.TCPFastOpen)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	tcpDialer4 := tfo.Dialer{Dialer: dialer4, DisableTFO: !options.TCPFastOpen}
-	tcpDialer6 := tfo.Dialer{Dialer: dialer6, DisableTFO: !options.TCPFastOpen}
 	return &DefaultDialer{
+		tracker:                tracker,
 		dialer4:                tcpDialer4,
 		dialer6:                tcpDialer6,
 		udpDialer4:             udpDialer4,
@@ -199,7 +207,7 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 		udpListener:            listener,
 		udpAddr4:               udpAddr4,
 		udpAddr6:               udpAddr6,
-		netns:                  options.NetNs,
+		isWireGuardListener:    options.IsWireGuardListener,
 		networkManager:         networkManager,
 		networkStrategy:        networkStrategy,
 		defaultNetworkStrategy: defaultNetworkStrategy,
@@ -209,44 +217,32 @@ func NewDefault(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (*DefaultDial
 	}, nil
 }

-func setMarkWrapper(networkManager adapter.NetworkManager, mark uint32, isDefault bool) control.Func {
-	if networkManager == nil {
-		return control.RoutingMark(mark)
-	}
-	return func(network, address string, conn syscall.RawConn) error {
-		if networkManager.AutoRedirectOutputMark() != 0 {
-			if isDefault {
-				return E.New("`route.default_mark` is conflict with `tun.auto_redirect`")
-			} else {
-				return E.New("`routing_mark` is conflict with `tun.auto_redirect`")
-			}
-		}
-		return control.RoutingMark(mark)(network, address, conn)
-	}
-}
-
 func (d *DefaultDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, address M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
 	if !address.IsValid() {
 		return nil, E.New("invalid address")
-	} else if address.IsFqdn() {
-		return nil, E.New("domain not resolved")
 	}
 	if d.networkStrategy == nil {
-		return trackConn(listener.ListenNetworkNamespace[net.Conn](d.netns, func() (net.Conn, error) {
-			switch N.NetworkName(network) {
-			case N.NetworkUDP:
-				if !address.IsIPv6() {
-					return d.udpDialer4.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String())
-				} else {
-					return d.udpDialer6.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String())
-				}
-			}
+		if address.IsFqdn() {
+			return nil, E.New("unexpected domain destination")
+		}
+		// Since pending check is only used by ndis, it is not performed for non-windows connections which are only supported on platform clients
+		if d.tracker != nil {
+			done := d.tracker.AddPendingDestination(address.AddrPort())
+			defer done()
+		}
+		switch N.NetworkName(network) {
+		case N.NetworkUDP:
 			if !address.IsIPv6() {
-				return DialSlowContext(&d.dialer4, ctx, network, address)
+				return d.trackConn(d.udpDialer4.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String()))
 			} else {
-				return DialSlowContext(&d.dialer6, ctx, network, address)
+				return d.trackConn(d.udpDialer6.DialContext(ctx, network, address.String()))
 			}
-		}))
+		}
+		if !address.IsIPv6() {
+			return d.trackConn(DialSlowContext(&d.dialer4, ctx, network, address))
+		} else {
+			return d.trackConn(DialSlowContext(&d.dialer6, ctx, network, address))
+		}
 	} else {
 		return d.DialParallelInterface(ctx, network, address, d.networkStrategy, d.networkType, d.fallbackNetworkType, d.networkFallbackDelay)
 	}
@@ -270,11 +266,11 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network strin
 	}
 	var dialer net.Dialer
 	if N.NetworkName(network) == N.NetworkTCP {
-		dialer = d.dialer4.Dialer
+		dialer = dialerFromTCPDialer(d.dialer4)
 	} else {
 		dialer = d.udpDialer4
 	}
-	fastFallback := time.Since(d.networkLastFallback.Load()) < C.TCPTimeout
+	fastFallback := time.Now().Sub(d.networkLastFallback.Load()) < C.TCPTimeout
 	var (
 		conn      net.Conn
 		isPrimary bool
@@ -297,33 +293,23 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network strin
 	if !fastFallback && !isPrimary {
 		d.networkLastFallback.Store(time.Now())
 	}
-	return trackConn(conn, nil)
+	return d.trackConn(conn, nil)
 }

 func (d *DefaultDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
 	if d.networkStrategy == nil {
-		return trackPacketConn(listener.ListenNetworkNamespace[net.PacketConn](d.netns, func() (net.PacketConn, error) {
-			if destination.IsIPv6() {
-				return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr6)
-			} else if destination.IsIPv4() && !destination.Addr.IsUnspecified() {
-				return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP+"4", d.udpAddr4)
-			} else {
-				return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr4)
-			}
-		}))
+		if destination.IsIPv6() {
+			return d.trackPacketConn(d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr6))
+		} else if destination.IsIPv4() && !destination.Addr.IsUnspecified() {
+			return d.trackPacketConn(d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP+"4", d.udpAddr4))
+		} else {
+			return d.trackPacketConn(d.udpListener.ListenPacket(ctx, N.NetworkUDP, d.udpAddr4))
+		}
 	} else {
 		return d.ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx, destination, d.networkStrategy, d.networkType, d.fallbackNetworkType, d.networkFallbackDelay)
 	}
 }

-func (d *DefaultDialer) DialerForICMPDestination(destination netip.Addr) net.Dialer {
-	if !destination.Is6() {
-		return d.dialer6.Dialer
-	} else {
-		return d.dialer4.Dialer
-	}
-}
-
 func (d *DefaultDialer) ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.PacketConn, error) {
 	if strategy == nil {
 		strategy = d.networkStrategy
@@ -354,23 +340,23 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, destina
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	return trackPacketConn(packetConn, nil)
+	return d.trackPacketConn(packetConn, nil)
 }

-func (d *DefaultDialer) WireGuardControl() control.Func {
-	return d.udpListener.Control
+func (d *DefaultDialer) ListenPacketCompat(network, address string) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	return d.udpListener.ListenPacket(context.Background(), network, address)
 }

-func trackConn(conn net.Conn, err error) (net.Conn, error) {
-	if !conntrack.Enabled || err != nil {
+func (d *DefaultDialer) trackConn(conn net.Conn, err error) (net.Conn, error) {
+	if d.tracker == nil || err != nil {
 		return conn, err
 	}
-	return conntrack.NewConn(conn)
+	return d.tracker.NewConn(conn)
 }

-func trackPacketConn(conn net.PacketConn, err error) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	if !conntrack.Enabled || err != nil {
+func (d *DefaultDialer) trackPacketConn(conn net.PacketConn, err error) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	if err != nil {
 		return conn, err
 	}
-	return conntrack.NewPacketConn(conn)
+	return d.tracker.NewPacketConn(conn)
 }
--- a/common/dialer/default_go1.20.go
+++ b/common/dialer/default_go1.20.go
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//go:build go1.20
+
+package dialer
+
+import (
+	"net"
+
+	"github.com/metacubex/tfo-go"
+)
+
+type tcpDialer = tfo.Dialer
+
+func newTCPDialer(dialer net.Dialer, tfoEnabled bool) (tcpDialer, error) {
+	return tfo.Dialer{Dialer: dialer, DisableTFO: !tfoEnabled}, nil
+}
+
+func dialerFromTCPDialer(dialer tcpDialer) net.Dialer {
+	return dialer.Dialer
+}
--- a/common/dialer/default_go1.21.go
+++ b/common/dialer/default_go1.21.go
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//go:build go1.21
+
+package dialer
+
+import "net"
+
+const go121Available = true
+
+func setMultiPathTCP(dialer *net.Dialer) {
+	dialer.SetMultipathTCP(true)
+}
--- a/common/dialer/default_nongo1.20.go
+++ b/common/dialer/default_nongo1.20.go
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//go:build !go1.20
+
+package dialer
+
+import (
+	"net"
+
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
+)
+
+type tcpDialer = net.Dialer
+
+func newTCPDialer(dialer net.Dialer, tfoEnabled bool) (tcpDialer, error) {
+	if tfoEnabled {
+		return dialer, E.New("TCP Fast Open requires go1.20, please recompile your binary.")
+	}
+	return dialer, nil
+}
+
+func dialerFromTCPDialer(dialer tcpDialer) net.Dialer {
+	return dialer
+}
--- a/common/dialer/default_nongo1.21.go
+++ b/common/dialer/default_nongo1.21.go
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//go:build !go1.21
+
+package dialer
+
+import (
+	"net"
+)
+
+const go121Available = false
+
+func setMultiPathTCP(dialer *net.Dialer) {
+}
--- a/common/dialer/default_parallel_interface.go
+++ b/common/dialer/default_parallel_interface.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, dialer net.Di
 	if len(primaryInterfaces)+len(fallbackInterfaces) == 0 {
 		return nil, false, E.New("no available network interface")
 	}
-	defaultInterface := d.networkManager.InterfaceMonitor().DefaultInterface()
 	if fallbackDelay == 0 {
 		fallbackDelay = N.DefaultFallbackDelay
 	}
@@ -32,9 +31,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, dialer net.Di
 	results := make(chan dialResult) // unbuffered
 	startRacer := func(ctx context.Context, primary bool, iif adapter.NetworkInterface) {
 		perNetDialer := dialer
-		if defaultInterface == nil || iif.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
-			perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
-		}
+		perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
 		conn, err := perNetDialer.DialContext(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err != nil {
 			select {
@@ -92,7 +89,6 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterfaceFastFallback(ctx context.Context, d
 	if len(primaryInterfaces)+len(fallbackInterfaces) == 0 {
 		return nil, false, E.New("no available network interface")
 	}
-	defaultInterface := d.networkManager.InterfaceMonitor().DefaultInterface()
 	if fallbackDelay == 0 {
 		fallbackDelay = N.DefaultFallbackDelay
 	}
@@ -107,9 +103,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) dialParallelInterfaceFastFallback(ctx context.Context, d
 	results := make(chan dialResult) // unbuffered
 	startRacer := func(ctx context.Context, primary bool, iif adapter.NetworkInterface) {
 		perNetDialer := dialer
-		if defaultInterface == nil || iif.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
-			perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
-		}
+		perNetDialer.Control = control.Append(perNetDialer.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, iif.Name, iif.Index))
 		conn, err := perNetDialer.DialContext(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err != nil {
 			select {
@@ -155,13 +149,10 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) listenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, listene
 	if len(primaryInterfaces)+len(fallbackInterfaces) == 0 {
 		return nil, E.New("no available network interface")
 	}
-	defaultInterface := d.networkManager.InterfaceMonitor().DefaultInterface()
 	var errors []error
 	for _, primaryInterface := range primaryInterfaces {
 		perNetListener := listener
-		if defaultInterface == nil || primaryInterface.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
-			perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, primaryInterface.Name, primaryInterface.Index))
-		}
+		perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, primaryInterface.Name, primaryInterface.Index))
 		conn, err := perNetListener.ListenPacket(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err == nil {
 			return conn, nil
@@ -170,9 +161,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDialer) listenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, listene
 	}
 	for _, fallbackInterface := range fallbackInterfaces {
 		perNetListener := listener
-		if defaultInterface == nil || fallbackInterface.Index != defaultInterface.Index {
-			perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, fallbackInterface.Name, fallbackInterface.Index))
-		}
+		perNetListener.Control = control.Append(perNetListener.Control, control.BindToInterface(nil, fallbackInterface.Name, fallbackInterface.Index))
 		conn, err := perNetListener.ListenPacket(ctx, network, addr)
 		if err == nil {
 			return conn, nil
--- a/common/dialer/detour.go
+++ b/common/dialer/detour.go
@@ -6,61 +6,37 @@ import (
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 )

-type DirectDialer interface {
-	IsEmpty() bool
-}
-
 type DetourDialer struct {
 	outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager
 	detour          string
-	legacyDNSDialer bool
 	dialer          N.Dialer
 	initOnce        sync.Once
 	initErr         error
 }

-func NewDetour(outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager, detour string, legacyDNSDialer bool) N.Dialer {
-	return &DetourDialer{
-		outboundManager: outboundManager,
-		detour:          detour,
-		legacyDNSDialer: legacyDNSDialer,
-	}
+func NewDetour(outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager, detour string) N.Dialer {
+	return &DetourDialer{outboundManager: outboundManager, detour: detour}
 }

-func InitializeDetour(dialer N.Dialer) error {
-	detourDialer, isDetour := common.Cast[*DetourDialer](dialer)
-	if !isDetour {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return common.Error(detourDialer.Dialer())
+func (d *DetourDialer) Start() error {
+	_, err := d.Dialer()
+	return err
 }

 func (d *DetourDialer) Dialer() (N.Dialer, error) {
-	d.initOnce.Do(d.init)
-	return d.dialer, d.initErr
-}
-
-func (d *DetourDialer) init() {
-	dialer, loaded := d.outboundManager.Outbound(d.detour)
-	if !loaded {
-		d.initErr = E.New("outbound detour not found: ", d.detour)
-		return
-	}
-	if !d.legacyDNSDialer {
-		if directDialer, isDirect := dialer.(DirectDialer); isDirect {
-			if directDialer.IsEmpty() {
-				d.initErr = E.New("detour to an empty direct outbound makes no sense")
-				return
-			}
+	d.initOnce.Do(func() {
+		var loaded bool
+		d.dialer, loaded = d.outboundManager.Outbound(d.detour)
+		if !loaded {
+			d.initErr = E.New("outbound detour not found: ", d.detour)
 		}
-	}
-	d.dialer = dialer
+	})
+	return d.dialer, d.initErr
 }

 func (d *DetourDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
--- a/common/dialer/dialer.go
+++ b/common/dialer/dialer.go
@@ -8,133 +8,68 @@ import (

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/experimental/deprecated"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/option"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )

-type Options struct {
-	Context          context.Context
-	Options          option.DialerOptions
-	RemoteIsDomain   bool
-	DirectResolver   bool
-	ResolverOnDetour bool
-	NewDialer        bool
-	LegacyDNSDialer  bool
-	DirectOutbound   bool
-}
-
-// TODO: merge with NewWithOptions
-func New(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions, remoteIsDomain bool) (N.Dialer, error) {
-	return NewWithOptions(Options{
-		Context:        ctx,
-		Options:        options,
-		RemoteIsDomain: remoteIsDomain,
-	})
-}
-
-func NewWithOptions(options Options) (N.Dialer, error) {
-	dialOptions := options.Options
+func New(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (N.Dialer, error) {
+	if options.IsWireGuardListener {
+		return NewDefault(ctx, options)
+	}
 	var (
 		dialer N.Dialer
 		err    error
 	)
-	if dialOptions.Detour != "" {
-		outboundManager := service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundManager](options.Context)
-		if outboundManager == nil {
-			return nil, E.New("missing outbound manager")
-		}
-		dialer = NewDetour(outboundManager, dialOptions.Detour, options.LegacyDNSDialer)
-	} else {
-		dialer, err = NewDefault(options.Context, dialOptions)
+	if options.Detour == "" {
+		dialer, err = NewDefault(ctx, options)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+	} else {
+		outboundManager := service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundManager](ctx)
+		if outboundManager == nil {
+			return nil, E.New("missing outbound manager")
+		}
+		dialer = NewDetour(outboundManager, options.Detour)
 	}
-	if options.RemoteIsDomain && (dialOptions.Detour == "" || options.ResolverOnDetour || dialOptions.DomainResolver != nil && dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server != "") {
-		networkManager := service.FromContext[adapter.NetworkManager](options.Context)
-		dnsTransport := service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportManager](options.Context)
-		var defaultOptions adapter.NetworkOptions
-		if networkManager != nil {
-			defaultOptions = networkManager.DefaultOptions()
+	if options.Detour == "" {
+		router := service.FromContext[adapter.Router](ctx)
+		if router != nil {
+			dialer = NewResolveDialer(
+				router,
+				dialer,
+				options.Detour == "" && !options.TCPFastOpen,
+				dns.DomainStrategy(options.DomainStrategy),
+				time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay))
 		}
-		var (
-			server               string
-			dnsQueryOptions      adapter.DNSQueryOptions
-			resolveFallbackDelay time.Duration
-		)
-		if dialOptions.DomainResolver != nil && dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server != "" {
-			var transport adapter.DNSTransport
-			if !options.DirectResolver {
-				var loaded bool
-				transport, loaded = dnsTransport.Transport(dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server)
-				if !loaded {
-					return nil, E.New("domain resolver not found: " + dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server)
-				}
-			}
-			var strategy C.DomainStrategy
-			if dialOptions.DomainResolver.Strategy != option.DomainStrategy(C.DomainStrategyAsIS) {
-				strategy = C.DomainStrategy(dialOptions.DomainResolver.Strategy)
-			} else if
-			//nolint:staticcheck
-			dialOptions.DomainStrategy != option.DomainStrategy(C.DomainStrategyAsIS) {
-				//nolint:staticcheck
-				strategy = C.DomainStrategy(dialOptions.DomainStrategy)
-				deprecated.Report(options.Context, deprecated.OptionLegacyDomainStrategyOptions)
-			}
-			server = dialOptions.DomainResolver.Server
-			dnsQueryOptions = adapter.DNSQueryOptions{
-				Transport:    transport,
-				Strategy:     strategy,
-				DisableCache: dialOptions.DomainResolver.DisableCache,
-				RewriteTTL:   dialOptions.DomainResolver.RewriteTTL,
-				ClientSubnet: dialOptions.DomainResolver.ClientSubnet.Build(netip.Prefix{}),
-			}
-			resolveFallbackDelay = time.Duration(dialOptions.FallbackDelay)
-		} else if options.DirectResolver {
-			return nil, E.New("missing domain resolver for domain server address")
-		} else {
-			if defaultOptions.DomainResolver != "" {
-				dnsQueryOptions = defaultOptions.DomainResolveOptions
-				transport, loaded := dnsTransport.Transport(defaultOptions.DomainResolver)
-				if !loaded {
-					return nil, E.New("default domain resolver not found: " + defaultOptions.DomainResolver)
-				}
-				dnsQueryOptions.Transport = transport
-				resolveFallbackDelay = time.Duration(dialOptions.FallbackDelay)
-			} else {
-				transports := dnsTransport.Transports()
-				if len(transports) < 2 {
-					dnsQueryOptions.Transport = dnsTransport.Default()
-				} else if options.NewDialer {
-					return nil, E.New("missing domain resolver for domain server address")
-				} else {
-					deprecated.Report(options.Context, deprecated.OptionMissingDomainResolver)
-				}
-			}
-			if
-			//nolint:staticcheck
-			dialOptions.DomainStrategy != option.DomainStrategy(C.DomainStrategyAsIS) {
-				//nolint:staticcheck
-				dnsQueryOptions.Strategy = C.DomainStrategy(dialOptions.DomainStrategy)
-				deprecated.Report(options.Context, deprecated.OptionLegacyDomainStrategyOptions)
-			}
-		}
-		dialer = NewResolveDialer(
-			options.Context,
-			dialer,
-			dialOptions.Detour == "" && !dialOptions.TCPFastOpen,
-			server,
-			dnsQueryOptions,
-			resolveFallbackDelay,
-		)
 	}
 	return dialer, nil
 }

+func NewDirect(ctx context.Context, options option.DialerOptions) (ParallelInterfaceDialer, error) {
+	if options.Detour != "" {
+		return nil, E.New("`detour` is not supported in direct context")
+	}
+	if options.IsWireGuardListener {
+		return NewDefault(ctx, options)
+	}
+	dialer, err := NewDefault(ctx, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return NewResolveParallelInterfaceDialer(
+		service.FromContext[adapter.Router](ctx),
+		dialer,
+		true,
+		dns.DomainStrategy(options.DomainStrategy),
+		time.Duration(options.FallbackDelay),
+	), nil
+}
+
 type ParallelInterfaceDialer interface {
 	N.Dialer
 	DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.Conn, error)
--- a/common/dialer/resolve.go
+++ b/common/dialer/resolve.go
@@ -3,17 +3,16 @@ package dialer
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net"
-	"sync"
+	"net/netip"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	C "github.com/sagernet/sing-box/constant"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/log"
+	"github.com/sagernet/sing-dns"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )

 var (
@@ -21,51 +20,21 @@ var (
 	_ ParallelInterfaceDialer = (*resolveParallelNetworkDialer)(nil)
 )

-type ResolveDialer interface {
-	N.Dialer
-	QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions
-}
-
-type ParallelInterfaceResolveDialer interface {
-	ParallelInterfaceDialer
-	QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions
-}
-
 type resolveDialer struct {
-	transport     adapter.DNSTransportManager
-	router        adapter.DNSRouter
 	dialer        N.Dialer
 	parallel      bool
-	server        string
-	initOnce      sync.Once
-	initErr       error
-	queryOptions  adapter.DNSQueryOptions
+	router        adapter.Router
+	strategy      dns.DomainStrategy
 	fallbackDelay time.Duration
 }

-func NewResolveDialer(ctx context.Context, dialer N.Dialer, parallel bool, server string, queryOptions adapter.DNSQueryOptions, fallbackDelay time.Duration) ResolveDialer {
-	if parallelDialer, isParallel := dialer.(ParallelInterfaceDialer); isParallel {
-		return &resolveParallelNetworkDialer{
-			resolveDialer{
-				transport:     service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportManager](ctx),
-				router:        service.FromContext[adapter.DNSRouter](ctx),
-				dialer:        dialer,
-				parallel:      parallel,
-				server:        server,
-				queryOptions:  queryOptions,
-				fallbackDelay: fallbackDelay,
-			},
-			parallelDialer,
-		}
-	}
+func NewResolveDialer(router adapter.Router, dialer N.Dialer, parallel bool, strategy dns.DomainStrategy, fallbackDelay time.Duration) N.Dialer {
 	return &resolveDialer{
-		transport:     service.FromContext[adapter.DNSTransportManager](ctx),
-		router:        service.FromContext[adapter.DNSRouter](ctx),
-		dialer:        dialer,
-		parallel:      parallel,
-		server:        server,
-		queryOptions:  queryOptions,
-		fallbackDelay: fallbackDelay,
+		dialer,
+		parallel,
+		router,
+		strategy,
+		fallbackDelay,
 	}
 }

@@ -74,53 +43,59 @@ type resolveParallelNetworkDialer struct {
 	dialer ParallelInterfaceDialer
 }

-func (d *resolveDialer) initialize() error {
-	d.initOnce.Do(d.initServer)
-	return d.initErr
-}
-
-func (d *resolveDialer) initServer() {
-	if d.server == "" {
-		return
+func NewResolveParallelInterfaceDialer(router adapter.Router, dialer ParallelInterfaceDialer, parallel bool, strategy dns.DomainStrategy, fallbackDelay time.Duration) ParallelInterfaceDialer {
+	return &resolveParallelNetworkDialer{
+		resolveDialer{
+			dialer,
+			parallel,
+			router,
+			strategy,
+			fallbackDelay,
+		},
+		dialer,
 	}
-	transport, loaded := d.transport.Transport(d.server)
-	if !loaded {
-		d.initErr = E.New("domain resolver not found: " + d.server)
-		return
-	}
-	d.queryOptions.Transport = transport
 }

 func (d *resolveDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
-	err := d.initialize()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
 	}
+	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
+	metadata.Destination = destination
+	metadata.Domain = ""
+	var addresses []netip.Addr
+	var err error
+	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
+		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
+	} else {
+		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if d.parallel {
-		return N.DialParallel(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.queryOptions.Strategy == C.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, d.fallbackDelay)
+		return N.DialParallel(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, d.fallbackDelay)
 	} else {
 		return N.DialSerial(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses)
 	}
 }

 func (d *resolveDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	err := d.initialize()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
 	}
+	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
+	metadata.Destination = destination
+	metadata.Domain = ""
+	var addresses []netip.Addr
+	var err error
+	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
+		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
+	} else {
+		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -131,24 +106,21 @@ func (d *resolveDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksadd
 	return bufio.NewNATPacketConn(bufio.NewPacketConn(conn), M.SocksaddrFrom(destinationAddress, destination.Port), destination), nil
 }

-func (d *resolveDialer) QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions {
-	return d.queryOptions
-}
-
-func (d *resolveDialer) Upstream() any {
-	return d.dialer
-}
-
 func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.Conn, error) {
-	err := d.initialize()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
 	}
+	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
+	metadata.Destination = destination
+	metadata.Domain = ""
+	var addresses []netip.Addr
+	var err error
+	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
+		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
+	} else {
+		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -156,28 +128,30 @@ func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) DialParallelInterface(ctx context.Context
 		fallbackDelay = d.fallbackDelay
 	}
 	if d.parallel {
-		return DialParallelNetwork(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.queryOptions.Strategy == C.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
+		return DialParallelNetwork(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyPreferIPv6, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
 	} else {
 		return DialSerialNetwork(ctx, d.dialer, network, destination, addresses, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
 	}
 }

 func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr, strategy *C.NetworkStrategy, interfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType []C.InterfaceType, fallbackDelay time.Duration) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	err := d.initialize()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
 	if !destination.IsFqdn() {
 		return d.dialer.ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
 	}
+	ctx, metadata := adapter.ExtendContext(ctx)
 	ctx = log.ContextWithOverrideLevel(ctx, log.LevelDebug)
-	addresses, err := d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.queryOptions)
+	metadata.Destination = destination
+	metadata.Domain = ""
+	var addresses []netip.Addr
+	var err error
+	if d.strategy == dns.DomainStrategyAsIS {
+		addresses, err = d.router.LookupDefault(ctx, destination.Fqdn)
+	} else {
+		addresses, err = d.router.Lookup(ctx, destination.Fqdn, d.strategy)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if fallbackDelay == 0 {
-		fallbackDelay = d.fallbackDelay
-	}
 	conn, destinationAddress, err := ListenSerialNetworkPacket(ctx, d.dialer, destination, addresses, strategy, interfaceType, fallbackInterfaceType, fallbackDelay)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -185,10 +159,6 @@ func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) ListenSerialInterfacePacket(ctx context.C
 	return bufio.NewNATPacketConn(bufio.NewPacketConn(conn), M.SocksaddrFrom(destinationAddress, destination.Port), destination), nil
 }

-func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) QueryOptions() adapter.DNSQueryOptions {
-	return d.queryOptions
-}
-
-func (d *resolveParallelNetworkDialer) Upstream() any {
+func (d *resolveDialer) Upstream() any {
 	return d.dialer
 }
--- a/common/dialer/router.go
+++ b/common/dialer/router.go
@@ -7,27 +7,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/adapter"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/service"
 )

 type DefaultOutboundDialer struct {
-	outbound adapter.OutboundManager
+	outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager
 }

-func NewDefaultOutbound(ctx context.Context) N.Dialer {
-	return &DefaultOutboundDialer{
-		outbound: service.FromContext[adapter.OutboundManager](ctx),
-	}
+func NewDefaultOutbound(outboundManager adapter.OutboundManager) N.Dialer {
+	return &DefaultOutboundDialer{outboundManager: outboundManager}
 }

 func (d *DefaultOutboundDialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
-	return d.outbound.Default().DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
+	return d.outboundManager.Default().DialContext(ctx, network, destination)
 }

 func (d *DefaultOutboundDialer) ListenPacket(ctx context.Context, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	return d.outbound.Default().ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
+	return d.outboundManager.Default().ListenPacket(ctx, destination)
 }

 func (d *DefaultOutboundDialer) Upstream() any {
-	return d.outbound.Default()
+	return d.outboundManager.Default()
 }
--- a/common/dialer/tfo.go
+++ b/common/dialer/tfo.go
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+//go:build go1.20
+
 package dialer

 import (
@@ -6,15 +8,15 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"os"
 	"sync"
-	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common"
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/bufio"
+	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
 	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
 	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"

-	"github.com/database64128/tfo-go/v2"
+	"github.com/metacubex/tfo-go"
 )

 type slowOpenConn struct {
@@ -22,15 +24,13 @@ type slowOpenConn struct {
 	ctx         context.Context
 	network     string
 	destination M.Socksaddr
-	conn        atomic.Pointer[net.TCPConn]
+	conn        net.Conn
 	create      chan struct{}
-	done        chan struct{}
 	access      sync.Mutex
-	closeOnce   sync.Once
 	err         error
 }

-func DialSlowContext(dialer *tfo.Dialer, ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
+func DialSlowContext(dialer *tcpDialer, ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
 	if dialer.DisableTFO || N.NetworkName(network) != N.NetworkTCP {
 		switch N.NetworkName(network) {
 		case N.NetworkTCP, N.NetworkUDP:
@@ -45,30 +45,26 @@ func DialSlowContext(dialer *tfo.Dialer, ctx context.Context, network string, de
 		network:     network,
 		destination: destination,
 		create:      make(chan struct{}),
-		done:        make(chan struct{}),
 	}, nil
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) Read(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
-	conn := c.conn.Load()
-	if conn != nil {
-		return conn.Read(b)
-	}
-	select {
-	case <-c.create:
-		if c.err != nil {
-			return 0, c.err
+	if c.conn == nil {
+		select {
+		case <-c.create:
+			if c.err != nil {
+				return 0, c.err
+			}
+		case <-c.ctx.Done():
+			return 0, c.ctx.Err()
 		}
-		return c.conn.Load().Read(b)
-	case <-c.done:
-		return 0, os.ErrClosed
 	}
+	return c.conn.Read(b)
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
-	tcpConn := c.conn.Load()
-	if tcpConn != nil {
-		return tcpConn.Write(b)
+	if c.conn != nil {
+		return c.conn.Write(b)
 	}
 	c.access.Lock()
 	defer c.access.Unlock()
@@ -77,16 +73,13 @@ func (c *slowOpenConn) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 		if c.err != nil {
 			return 0, c.err
 		}
-		return c.conn.Load().Write(b)
-	case <-c.done:
-		return 0, os.ErrClosed
+		return c.conn.Write(b)
 	default:
 	}
-	conn, err := c.dialer.DialContext(c.ctx, c.network, c.destination.String(), b)
+	c.conn, err = c.dialer.DialContext(c.ctx, c.network, c.destination.String(), b)
 	if err != nil {
-		c.err = err
-	} else {
-		c.conn.Store(conn.(*net.TCPConn))
+		c.conn = nil
+		c.err = E.Cause(err, "dial tcp fast open")
 	}
 	n = len(b)
 	close(c.create)
@@ -94,87 +87,74 @@ func (c *slowOpenConn) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) Close() error {
-	c.closeOnce.Do(func() {
-		close(c.done)
-		conn := c.conn.Load()
-		if conn != nil {
-			conn.Close()
-		}
-	})
-	return nil
+	return common.Close(c.conn)
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) LocalAddr() net.Addr {
-	conn := c.conn.Load()
-	if conn == nil {
+	if c.conn == nil {
 		return M.Socksaddr{}
 	}
-	return conn.LocalAddr()
+	return c.conn.LocalAddr()
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) RemoteAddr() net.Addr {
-	conn := c.conn.Load()
-	if conn == nil {
+	if c.conn == nil {
 		return M.Socksaddr{}
 	}
-	return conn.RemoteAddr()
+	return c.conn.RemoteAddr()
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) SetDeadline(t time.Time) error {
-	conn := c.conn.Load()
-	if conn == nil {
+	if c.conn == nil {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	return conn.SetDeadline(t)
+	return c.conn.SetDeadline(t)
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) SetReadDeadline(t time.Time) error {
-	conn := c.conn.Load()
-	if conn == nil {
+	if c.conn == nil {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	return conn.SetReadDeadline(t)
+	return c.conn.SetReadDeadline(t)
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) SetWriteDeadline(t time.Time) error {
-	conn := c.conn.Load()
-	if conn == nil {
+	if c.conn == nil {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
-	return conn.SetWriteDeadline(t)
+	return c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(t)
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) Upstream() any {
-	return common.PtrOrNil(c.conn.Load())
+	return c.conn
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) ReaderReplaceable() bool {
-	return c.conn.Load() != nil
+	return c.conn != nil
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) WriterReplaceable() bool {
-	return c.conn.Load() != nil
+	return c.conn != nil
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) LazyHeadroom() bool {
-	return c.conn.Load() == nil
+	return c.conn == nil
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) NeedHandshake() bool {
-	return c.conn.Load() == nil
+	return c.conn == nil
 }

 func (c *slowOpenConn) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
-	conn := c.conn.Load()
-	if conn == nil {
+	if c.conn == nil {
 		select {
 		case <-c.create:
 			if c.err != nil {
 				return 0, c.err
 			}
-		case <-c.done:
-			return 0, c.err
+		case <-c.ctx.Done():
+			return 0, c.ctx.Err()
 		}
 	}
-	return bufio.Copy(w, c.conn.Load())
+	return bufio.Copy(w, c.conn)
 }
--- a/common/dialer/tfo_stub.go
+++ b/common/dialer/tfo_stub.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//go:build !go1.20
+
+package dialer
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net"
+
+	M "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/metadata"
+	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
+)
+
+func DialSlowContext(dialer *tcpDialer, ctx context.Context, network string, destination M.Socksaddr) (net.Conn, error) {
+	switch N.NetworkName(network) {
+	case N.NetworkTCP, N.NetworkUDP:
+		return dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, destination.String())
+	default:
+		return dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, destination.AddrString())
+	}
+}
--- a/common/dialer/wireguard.go
+++ b/common/dialer/wireguard.go
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 package dialer

 import (
+	"net"
+
 	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/control"
 )

 type WireGuardListener interface {
-	WireGuardControl() control.Func
+	ListenPacketCompat(network, address string) (net.PacketConn, error)
 }
+
+var WgControlFns []control.Func
--- a/common/humanize/bytes.go
+++ b/common/humanize/bytes.go
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+package humanize
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+// IEC Sizes.
+// kibis of bits
+const (
+	Byte = 1 << (iota * 10)
+	KiByte
+	MiByte
+	GiByte
+	TiByte
+	PiByte
+	EiByte
+)
+
+// SI Sizes.
+const (
+	IByte = 1
+	KByte = IByte * 1000
+	MByte = KByte * 1000
+	GByte = MByte * 1000
+	TByte = GByte * 1000
+	PByte = TByte * 1000
+	EByte = PByte * 1000
+)
+
+var defaultSizeTable = map[string]uint64{
+	"b":   Byte,
+	"kib": KiByte,
+	"kb":  KByte,
+	"mib": MiByte,
+	"mb":  MByte,
+	"gib": GiByte,
+	"gb":  GByte,
+	"tib": TiByte,
+	"tb":  TByte,
+	"pib": PiByte,
+	"pb":  PByte,
+	"eib": EiByte,
+	"eb":  EByte,
+	// Without suffix
+	"":   Byte,
+	"ki": KiByte,
+	"k":  KByte,
+	"mi": MiByte,
+	"m":  MByte,
+	"gi": GiByte,
+	"g":  GByte,
+	"ti": TiByte,
+	"t":  TByte,
+	"pi": PiByte,
+	"p":  PByte,
+	"ei": EiByte,
+	"e":  EByte,
+}
+
+var memorysSizeTable = map[string]uint64{
+	"b":  Byte,
+	"kb": KiByte,
+	"mb": MiByte,
+	"gb": GiByte,
+	"tb": TiByte,
+	"pb": PiByte,
+	"eb": EiByte,
+	"":   Byte,
+	"k":  KiByte,
+	"m":  MiByte,
+	"g":  GiByte,
+	"t":  TiByte,
+	"p":  PiByte,
+	"e":  EiByte,
+}
+
+var (
+	defaultSizes = []string{"B", "kB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB", "EB"}
+	iSizes       = []string{"B", "KiB", "MiB", "GiB", "TiB", "PiB", "EiB"}
+)
+
+func Bytes(s uint64) string {
+	return humanateBytes(s, 1000, defaultSizes)
+}
+
+func MemoryBytes(s uint64) string {
+	return humanateBytes(s, 1024, defaultSizes)
+}
+
+func IBytes(s uint64) string {
+	return humanateBytes(s, 1024, iSizes)
+}
+
+func logn(n, b float64) float64 {
+	return math.Log(n) / math.Log(b)
+}
+
+func humanateBytes(s uint64, base float64, sizes []string) string {
+	if s < 10 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d B", s)
+	}
+	e := math.Floor(logn(float64(s), base))
+	suffix := sizes[int(e)]
+	val := math.Floor(float64(s)/math.Pow(base, e)*10+0.5) / 10
+	f := "%.0f %s"
+	if val < 10 {
+		f = "%.1f %s"
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf(f, val, suffix)
+}
+
+func ParseBytes(s string) (uint64, error) {
+	return parseBytes0(s, defaultSizeTable)
+}
+
+func ParseMemoryBytes(s string) (uint64, error) {
+	return parseBytes0(s, memorysSizeTable)
+}
+
+func parseBytes0(s string, sizeTable map[string]uint64) (uint64, error) {
+	lastDigit := 0
+	hasComma := false
+	for _, r := range s {
+		if !(unicode.IsDigit(r) || r == '.' || r == ',') {
+			break
+		}
+		if r == ',' {
+			hasComma = true
+		}
+		lastDigit++
+	}
+
+	num := s[:lastDigit]
+	if hasComma {
+		num = strings.Replace(num, ",", "", -1)
+	}
+
+	f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(num, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	extra := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(s[lastDigit:]))
+	if m, ok := sizeTable[extra]; ok {
+		f *= float64(m)
+		if f >= math.MaxUint64 {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("too large: %v", s)
+		}
+		return uint64(f), nil
+	}
+
+	return 0, fmt.Errorf("unhandled size name: %v", extra)
+}
--- a/common/ktls/ktls.go
+++ b/common/ktls/ktls.go
@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-//go:build linux && go1.25 && badlinkname
-
-package ktls
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"crypto/tls"
-	"errors"
-	"io"
-	"net"
-	"os"
-	"syscall"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/badtls"
-	E "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/exceptions"
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing/common/logger"
-	N "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/network"
-	aTLS "github.com/sagernet/sing/common/tls"
-
-	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
-)
-
-type Conn struct {
-	aTLS.Conn
-	ctx             context.Context
-	logger          logger.ContextLogger
-	conn            net.Conn
-	rawConn         *badtls.RawConn
-	syscallConn     syscall.Conn
-	rawSyscallConn  syscall.RawConn
-	readWaitOptions N.ReadWaitOptions
-	kernelTx        bool
-	kernelRx        bool
-	pendingRxSplice bool
-}
-
-func NewConn(ctx context.Context, logger logger.ContextLogger, conn aTLS.Conn, txOffload, rxOffload bool) (aTLS.Conn, error) {
-	err := Load()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	syscallConn, isSyscallConn := N.CastReader[interface {
-		io.Reader
-		syscall.Conn
-	}](conn.NetConn())
-	if !isSyscallConn {
-		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
-	}
-	rawSyscallConn, err := syscallConn.SyscallConn()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	rawConn, err := badtls.NewRawConn(conn)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if *rawConn.Vers != tls.VersionTLS13 {
-		return nil, os.ErrInvalid
-	}
-	for rawConn.RawInput.Len() > 0 {
-		err = rawConn.ReadRecord()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		for rawConn.Hand.Len() > 0 {
-			err = rawConn.HandlePostHandshakeMessage()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, E.Cause(err, "handle post-handshake messages")
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	kConn := &Conn{
-		Conn:           conn,
-		ctx:            ctx,
-		logger:         logger,
-		conn:           conn.NetConn(),
-		rawConn:        rawConn,
-		syscallConn:    syscallConn,
-		rawSyscallConn: rawSyscallConn,
-	}
-	err = kConn.setupKernel(txOffload, rxOffload)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return kConn, nil
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) Upstream() any {
-	return c.Conn
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) SyscallConnForRead() syscall.RawConn {
-	if !c.kernelRx {
-		return nil
-	}
-	if !*c.rawConn.IsClient {
-		c.logger.WarnContext(c.ctx, "ktls: RX splice is unavailable on the server size, since it will cause an unknown failure")
-		return nil
-	}
-	c.logger.DebugContext(c.ctx, "ktls: RX splice requested")
-	return c.rawSyscallConn
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) HandleSyscallReadError(inputErr error) ([]byte, error) {
-	if errors.Is(inputErr, unix.EINVAL) {
-		c.pendingRxSplice = true
-		err := c.readRecord()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, E.Cause(err, "ktls: handle non-application-data record")
-		}
-		var input bytes.Buffer
-		if c.rawConn.Input.Len() > 0 {
-			_, err = c.rawConn.Input.WriteTo(&input)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		}
-		return input.Bytes(), nil
-	} else if errors.Is(inputErr, unix.EBADMSG) {
-		return nil, c.rawConn.In.SetErrorLocked(c.sendAlert(alertBadRecordMAC))
-	} else {
-		return nil, E.Cause(inputErr, "ktls: unexpected errno")
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) SyscallConnForWrite() syscall.RawConn {
-	if !c.kernelTx {
-		return nil
-	}
-	c.logger.DebugContext(c.ctx, "ktls: TX splice requested")
-	return c.rawSyscallConn
-}
--- a/common/ktls/ktls_alert.go
+++ b/common/ktls/ktls_alert.go
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
-// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-
-//go:build linux && go1.25 && badlinkname
-
-package ktls
-
-import (
-	"crypto/tls"
-	"net"
-)
-
-const (
-	// alert level
-	alertLevelWarning = 1
-	alertLevelError   = 2
-)
-
-const (
-	alertCloseNotify                  = 0
-	alertUnexpectedMessage            = 10
-	alertBadRecordMAC                 = 20
-	alertDecryptionFailed             = 21
-	alertRecordOverflow               = 22
-	alertDecompressionFailure         = 30
-	alertHandshakeFailure             = 40
-	alertBadCertificate               = 42
-	alertUnsupportedCertificate       = 43
-	alertCertificateRevoked           = 44
-	alertCertificateExpired           = 45
-	alertCertificateUnknown           = 46
-	alertIllegalParameter             = 47
-	alertUnknownCA                    = 48
-	alertAccessDenied                 = 49
-	alertDecodeError                  = 50
-	alertDecryptError                 = 51
-	alertExportRestriction            = 60
-	alertProtocolVersion              = 70
-	alertInsufficientSecurity         = 71
-	alertInternalError                = 80
-	alertInappropriateFallback        = 86
-	alertUserCanceled                 = 90
-	alertNoRenegotiation              = 100
-	alertMissingExtension             = 109
-	alertUnsupportedExtension         = 110
-	alertCertificateUnobtainable      = 111
-	alertUnrecognizedName             = 112
-	alertBadCertificateStatusResponse = 113
-	alertBadCertificateHashValue      = 114
-	alertUnknownPSKIdentity           = 115
-	alertCertificateRequired          = 116
-	alertNoApplicationProtocol        = 120
-	alertECHRequired                  = 121
-)
-
-func (c *Conn) sendAlertLocked(err uint8) error {
-	switch err {
-	case alertNoRenegotiation, alertCloseNotify:
-		c.rawConn.Tmp[0] = alertLevelWarning
-	default:
-		c.rawConn.Tmp[0] = alertLevelError
-	}
-	c.rawConn.Tmp[1] = byte(err)
-
-	_, writeErr := c.writeRecordLocked(recordTypeAlert, c.rawConn.Tmp[0:2])
-	if err == alertCloseNotify {
-		// closeNotify is a special case in that it isn't an error.
-		return writeErr
-	}
-
-	return c.rawConn.Out.SetErrorLocked(&net.OpError{Op: "local error", Err: tls.AlertError(err)})
-}
-
-// sendAlert sends a TLS alert message.
-func (c *Conn) sendAlert(err uint8) error {
-	c.rawConn.Out.Lock()
-	defer c.rawConn.Out.Unlock()
-	return c.sendAlertLocked(err)
-}
--- a/common/ktls/ktls_cipher_suites_linux.go
+++ b/common/ktls/ktls_cipher_suites_linux.go
@@ -1,326 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
-// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-
-//go:build linux && go1.25 && badlinkname
-
-package ktls
-
-import (
-	"crypto/tls"
-	"unsafe"
-
-	"github.com/sagernet/sing-box/common/badtls"
-)
-
-type kernelCryptoCipherType uint16
-
-const (
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128              kernelCryptoCipherType = 51
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 4
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256              kernelCryptoCipherType = 52
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 32
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 4
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128              kernelCryptoCipherType = 53
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 4
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-
-	TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305              kernelCryptoCipherType = 54
-	TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 12
-	TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 32
-	TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 0
-	TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM              kernelCryptoCipherType = 55
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 4
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM              kernelCryptoCipherType = 56
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 4
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	// TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128              kernelCryptoCipherType = 57
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 4
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256              kernelCryptoCipherType = 58
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_IV_SIZE      kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_KEY_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 32
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_SALT_SIZE    kernelCryptoCipherType = 4
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_TAG_SIZE     kernelCryptoCipherType = 16
-	TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_REC_SEQ_SIZE kernelCryptoCipherType = 8
-)
-
-type kernelCrypto interface {
-	String() string
-}
-
-type kernelCryptoInfo struct {
-	version     uint16
-	cipher_type kernelCryptoCipherType
-}
-
-var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoAES128GCM{}
-
-type kernelCryptoAES128GCM struct {
-	kernelCryptoInfo
-	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_IV_SIZE]byte
-	key     [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_KEY_SIZE]byte
-	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_SALT_SIZE]byte
-	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-}
-
-func (crypto *kernelCryptoAES128GCM) String() string {
-	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_128
-	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-}
-
-var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoAES256GCM{}
-
-type kernelCryptoAES256GCM struct {
-	kernelCryptoInfo
-	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_IV_SIZE]byte
-	key     [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_KEY_SIZE]byte
-	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_SALT_SIZE]byte
-	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-}
-
-func (crypto *kernelCryptoAES256GCM) String() string {
-	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_AES_GCM_256
-	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-}
-
-var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoAES128CCM{}
-
-type kernelCryptoAES128CCM struct {
-	kernelCryptoInfo
-	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_IV_SIZE]byte
-	key     [TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_KEY_SIZE]byte
-	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_SALT_SIZE]byte
-	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-}
-
-func (crypto *kernelCryptoAES128CCM) String() string {
-	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_AES_CCM_128
-	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-}
-
-var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoChacha20Poly1035{}
-
-type kernelCryptoChacha20Poly1035 struct {
-	kernelCryptoInfo
-	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_IV_SIZE]byte
-	key     [TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_KEY_SIZE]byte
-	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SALT_SIZE]byte
-	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-}
-
-func (crypto *kernelCryptoChacha20Poly1035) String() string {
-	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_CHACHA20_POLY1305
-	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-}
-
-// var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoSM4GCM{}
-
-// type kernelCryptoSM4GCM struct {
-// 	kernelCryptoInfo
-// 	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_IV_SIZE]byte
-// 	key     [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_KEY_SIZE]byte
-// 	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_SALT_SIZE]byte
-// 	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-// }
-
-// func (crypto *kernelCryptoSM4GCM) String() string {
-// 	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_SM4_GCM
-// 	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-// }
-
-// var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoSM4CCM{}
-
-// type kernelCryptoSM4CCM struct {
-// 	kernelCryptoInfo
-// 	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_IV_SIZE]byte
-// 	key     [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_KEY_SIZE]byte
-// 	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_SALT_SIZE]byte
-// 	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-// }
-
-// func (crypto *kernelCryptoSM4CCM) String() string {
-// 	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_SM4_CCM
-// 	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-// }
-
-var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoARIA128GCM{}
-
-type kernelCryptoARIA128GCM struct {
-	kernelCryptoInfo
-	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_IV_SIZE]byte
-	key     [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_KEY_SIZE]byte
-	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_SALT_SIZE]byte
-	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-}
-
-func (crypto *kernelCryptoARIA128GCM) String() string {
-	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_128
-	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-}
-
-var _ kernelCrypto = &kernelCryptoARIA256GCM{}
-
-type kernelCryptoARIA256GCM struct {
-	kernelCryptoInfo
-	iv      [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_IV_SIZE]byte
-	key     [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_KEY_SIZE]byte
-	salt    [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_SALT_SIZE]byte
-	rec_seq [TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256_REC_SEQ_SIZE]byte
-}
-
-func (crypto *kernelCryptoARIA256GCM) String() string {
-	crypto.cipher_type = TLS_CIPHER_ARIA_GCM_256
-	return string((*[unsafe.Sizeof(*crypto)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(crypto))[:])
-}
-
-func kernelCipher(kernel *Support, hc *badtls.RawHalfConn, cipherSuite uint16, isRX bool) kernelCrypto {
-	if !kernel.TLS {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	switch *hc.Version {
-	case tls.VersionTLS12:
-		if isRX && !kernel.TLS_Version13_RX {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-	case tls.VersionTLS13:
-		if !kernel.TLS_Version13 {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		if isRX && !kernel.TLS_Version13_RX {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-	default:
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var key, iv []byte
-	if *hc.Version == tls.VersionTLS13 {
-		key, iv = trafficKey(cipherSuiteTLS13ByID(cipherSuite), *hc.TrafficSecret)
-		/*if isRX {
-			key, iv = trafficKey(cipherSuiteTLS13ByID(cipherSuite), keyLog.RemoteTrafficSecret)
-		} else {
-			key, iv = trafficKey(cipherSuiteTLS13ByID(cipherSuite), keyLog.TrafficSecret)
-		}*/
-	} else {
-		// csPtr := cipherSuiteByID(cipherSuite)
-		// keysFromMasterSecret(*hc.Version, csPtr, keyLog.Secret, keyLog.Random)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	switch cipherSuite {
-	case tls.TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:
-		crypto := new(kernelCryptoAES128GCM)
-
-		crypto.version = *hc.Version
-		copy(crypto.key[:], key)
-		copy(crypto.iv[:], iv[4:])
-		copy(crypto.salt[:], iv[:4])
-		crypto.rec_seq = *hc.Seq
-
-		return crypto
-	case tls.TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:
-		if !kernel.TLS_AES_256_GCM {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		crypto := new(kernelCryptoAES256GCM)
-
-		crypto.version = *hc.Version
-		copy(crypto.key[:], key)
-		copy(crypto.iv[:], iv[4:])
-		copy(crypto.salt[:], iv[:4])
-		crypto.rec_seq = *hc.Seq
-
-		return crypto
-	//case tls.TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256, tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CCM_SHA256, tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CCM_SHA256:
-	//	if !kernel.TLS_AES_128_CCM {
-	//		return nil
-	//	}
-	//
-	//	crypto := new(kernelCryptoAES128CCM)
-	//
-	//	crypto.version = *hc.Version
-	//	copy(crypto.key[:], key)
-	//	copy(crypto.iv[:], iv[4:])
-	//	copy(crypto.salt[:], iv[:4])
-	//	crypto.rec_seq = *hc.Seq
-	//
-	//	return crypto
-	case tls.TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256, tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256, tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256:
-		if !kernel.TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305 {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		crypto := new(kernelCryptoChacha20Poly1035)
-
-		crypto.version = *hc.Version
-		copy(crypto.key[:], key)
-		copy(crypto.iv[:], iv)
-		crypto.rec_seq = *hc.Seq
-
-		return crypto
-	//case tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256, tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256, tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256:
-	//	if !kernel.TLS_ARIA_GCM {
-	//		return nil
-	//	}
-	//
-	//	crypto := new(kernelCryptoARIA128GCM)
-	//
-	//	crypto.version = *hc.Version
-	//	copy(crypto.key[:], key)
-	//	copy(crypto.iv[:], iv[4:])
-	//	copy(crypto.salt[:], iv[:4])
-	//	crypto.rec_seq = *hc.Seq
-	//
-	//	return crypto
-	//case tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384, tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384, tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384:
-	//	if !kernel.TLS_ARIA_GCM {
-	//		return nil
-	//	}
-	//
-	//	crypto := new(kernelCryptoARIA256GCM)
-	//
-	//	crypto.version = *hc.Version
-	//	copy(crypto.key[:], key)
-	//	copy(crypto.iv[:], iv[4:])
-	//	copy(crypto.salt[:], iv[:4])
-	//	crypto.rec_seq = *hc.Seq
-	//
-	//	return crypto
-	default:
-		return nil
-	}
-}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
世界	79d3649a8b	Add NDIS inbound	2025-01-03 18:38:04 +08:00
世界	e483c909b4	documentation: Bump version	2025-01-02 15:24:08 +08:00
世界	d9579c26ee	Fix tests	2025-01-02 15:24:08 +08:00
世界	48d3021b2c	Add port hopping for hysteria2	2025-01-02 15:22:52 +08:00
世界	ce0fcd5c8b	Fix resolve action incorrectly overwriting UDP domain destination	2025-01-02 15:22:52 +08:00
世界	d9d0a2373a	Revert "platform: Implement set underlying networks for android" This reverts commit `eb4a184b7e`.	2025-01-02 15:22:52 +08:00
世界	0c754505f7	tun: Set address sets to routes	2025-01-02 15:22:51 +08:00
世界	606ff668da	platform: Implement set underlying networks for android	2025-01-02 15:22:51 +08:00
世界	f43703801b	release: Upload debug apks to action	2025-01-02 15:22:50 +08:00
世界	1ed8f3a8d3	Fix default dialer on legacy xiaomi systems	2025-01-02 15:22:50 +08:00
世界	60fc913dc3	Add `rule-set merge` command	2025-01-02 15:22:50 +08:00
世界	be8ee370ac	Fix DNS match log	2025-01-02 15:22:50 +08:00
世界	0a9bf97438	Fix domain strategy	2025-01-02 15:22:50 +08:00
世界	74de437bfb	Fix time service	2025-01-02 15:22:33 +08:00
世界	c385e7c137	Fix socks5 UDP implementation	2025-01-02 15:22:33 +08:00
世界	01291d16e0	clash-api: Fix missing endpoints	2025-01-02 15:22:32 +08:00
世界	11a448b52d	hysteria2: Add more masquerade options	2025-01-02 15:22:32 +08:00
世界	22bda86bbf	Improve timeouts	2025-01-02 15:22:32 +08:00
世界	04cc343b2e	Add UDP timeout route option	2025-01-02 15:22:31 +08:00
世界	093e539d3d	Make GSO adaptive	2025-01-02 15:22:31 +08:00
世界	5821b974bd	Fix lint	2025-01-02 15:22:30 +08:00
世界	8ce40f77b4	refactor: WireGuard endpoint	2025-01-02 15:22:30 +08:00
世界	b45cb0763e	refactor: connection manager	2025-01-02 15:22:30 +08:00
世界	48d102a0ab	documentation: Fix typo	2025-01-02 15:22:29 +08:00
世界	6a5943f4ce	Add override destination to route options	2025-01-02 15:22:29 +08:00
世界	c9f9d9ee1c	Add `dns.cache_capacity`	2025-01-02 15:22:28 +08:00
世界	f3bf440c91	Refactor multi networks strategy	2025-01-02 15:22:28 +08:00
世界	292fcde876	documentation: Remove unused titles	2025-01-02 15:22:28 +08:00
世界	53e227a318	Add multi network dialing	2025-01-02 15:22:27 +08:00
世界	65cb225a2c	documentation: Merge route options to route actions	2025-01-02 15:22:27 +08:00
世界	7819f13489	Add `network_[type/is_expensive/is_constrained]` rule items	2025-01-02 15:22:02 +08:00
世界	f2780d0713	Merge route options to route actions	2025-01-02 15:22:02 +08:00
世界	72239dcbd3	refactor: Platform Interfaces	2025-01-02 15:22:02 +08:00
世界	daf38a84e1	refactor: Extract services form router	2025-01-02 15:22:01 +08:00
世界	f2ddc5883b	refactor: Modular network manager	2025-01-02 15:22:01 +08:00
世界	0437ac512b	refactor: Modular inbound/outbound manager	2025-01-02 15:22:00 +08:00
世界	d297ad4c56	documentation: Add rule action	2025-01-02 15:22:00 +08:00
世界	6823670f3d	documentation: Update the scheduled removal time of deprecated features	2025-01-02 15:22:00 +08:00
世界	4a611eddf4	documentation: Remove outdated icons	2025-01-02 15:21:59 +08:00
世界	f12a294fb7	Migrate bad options to library	2025-01-02 15:21:59 +08:00
世界	040a188c66	Implement udp connect	2025-01-02 15:21:59 +08:00
世界	7ed10b35d0	Implement new deprecated warnings	2025-01-02 15:21:53 +08:00
世界	afd341adfd	Improve rule actions	2025-01-02 15:21:53 +08:00
世界	7d26bac5ac	Remove unused reject methods	2025-01-02 15:21:53 +08:00
世界	63d8f6dc1c	refactor: Modular inbounds/outbounds	2025-01-02 15:21:52 +08:00
世界	15cc3b85eb	Implement dns-hijack	2025-01-02 15:21:52 +08:00
世界	5a1c59ca88	Implement resolve(server)	2025-01-02 15:21:52 +08:00
世界	7686503df8	Implement TCP and ICMP rejects	2025-01-02 15:21:52 +08:00
世界	96a8de9548	Crazy sekai overturns the small pond	2025-01-02 15:21:51 +08:00